Cardio-renal protection with aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor, in the ASPIRE HIGHER program

Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy

Volumn 7, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 251-257

  Lee, Hae Young ^a   Oh, Byung Hee ^a  

^a Seoul National University College of Medicine   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Albuminuria; Aliskiren; Heart failure; Hypertension

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONIST; ALISKIREN; AMINO TERMINAL PRO BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; LOSARTAN; PLACEBO; RAMIPRIL; AMIDE; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; FUMARIC ACID DERIVATIVE; RENIN;

ACUTE HEART FAILURE; ADD ON THERAPY; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG DOSE TITRATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; HEART FAILURE; HEART INFARCTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE HYPERTROPHY; HEART PROTECTION; HUMAN; HYPERKALEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPOTENSION; KIDNEY DYSFUNCTION; KIDNEY FAILURE; LOW DRUG DOSE; MITRAL VALVE REGURGITATION; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; POTASSIUM BLOOD LEVEL; PROTEINURIA; RENAL PROTECTION; RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM; SIDE EFFECT; SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION; BLOOD PRESSURE; DRUG ANTAGONISM; DRUG COMBINATION; DRUG EFFECT; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION;

ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; AMIDES; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; BLOOD PRESSURE; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FUMARATES; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; RENIN;

EID: 66149177166     PISSN: 14779072     EISSN: 17448344     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/14779072.7.3.251     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Wood JM, Maibaum J, Rahuel J et al. Structure-based design of aliskiren, a novel orally effective renin inhibitor. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 308(4), 698-705 (2003).
2. Oh BH, Mitchell J, Herron JR, Chung J, Khan M, Keefe DL. Aliskiren, an oral renin inhibitor, provides dose-dependent efficacy and sustained 24-hour blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 49(11), 1157-1163 (2007).
3. Oparil S, Yarows SA, Patel S, Fang H, Zhang J, Satlin A. Efficacy and safety of combined use of aliskiren and valsartan in patients with hypertension: a randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet 370 (9583), 221-229 (2007).
4. Gradman AH, Schmieder RE, Lins RL, Nussberger J, Chiang Y, Bedigian MP. Aliskiren, a novel orally effective renin inhibitor, provides dose-dependent antihypertensive efficacy and placebo-like tolerability in hypertensive patients. Circulation 111(8), 1012-1018 (2005).
5. Villamil A, Chrysant SG, Calhoun D et al. Renin inhibition with aliskiren provides additive antihypertensive efficacy when used in combination with hydrochlorothiazide. J. Hypertens. 25(1), 217-226 (2007).
6. Sealey JE, Laragh JH. Aliskiren, the first renin inhibitor for treating hypertension: reactive renin secretion may limit its effectiveness. Am. J. Hypertens. 20(5), 587-597 (2007).
7. McMurray J, Pitt B, Latini R et al. Effects of the oral direct renin inhibitor aliskiren in patients with symptomatic heart failure. Circulation: Heart Fail. 1, 17-24 (2008).
8. Cleland JG, Abdellah AT, Khaleva O, Coletta AP, Clark AL. Clinical trials update from the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2007: 3CPO, ALOFT, PROSPECT and statins for heart failure. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 9(10), 1070-1073 (2007).
9. Recio-Mayoral A, Kaski JC, McMurray JJ, Horowitz J, van Veldhuisen DJ, Remme WJ. Clinical trials update from the European Society of Cardiology Congress in Vienna, 2007: PROSPECT, EVEREST, ARISE, ALOFT, FINESSE, Prague-8, CARESS in MI and ACUITY. Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. 21(6), 459-465 (2007).
10. Rosamond W, Flegal K, Furie K et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2008 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation 117(4), e25-e146 (2008).
11. Dickstein K, Cohen-Solal A, Filippatos G et al. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008: the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2008 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association of the ESC (HFA) and endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM). Eur. Heart J. 29(19), 2388-2442 (2008).
12. Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH et al. ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation 112(12), e154-235 (2005).
13. Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A et al. 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J. Hypertens. 25(6), 1105-1187 (2007).
14. Melanson SE, Lewandrowski EL. Laboratory testing for B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP and NT-proBNP): clinical usefulness, utilization, and impact on hospital operations. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 124(Suppl.), S122-S128 (2005).
15. Latini R, Masson S, Anand I et al. Effects. of valsartan on circulating brain natriuretic peptide and norepinephrine in symptomatic chronic heart failure: the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT). Circulation 106(19), 2454-2458 (2002).
16. Troughton RW, Frampton CM, Yandle TG, Espiner EA, Nicholls MG, Richards AM. Treatment of heart failure guided by plasma aminoterminal brain natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) concentrations. Lancet 355(9210), 1126-1130 (2000).
17. Cohn JN, Tam SW, Anand IS, Taylor AL, Sabolinski ML, Worcel M. Isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine in a fixed-dose combination produces further regression of left ventricular remodeling in a well-treated black population with heart failure: results from A-HeFT. J. Card. Fail. 13(5), 331-339 (2007).
18. Rousseau MF, Gurne O, Duprez D et al. Beneficial neurohormonal profile of spironolactone in severe congestive heart failure: results from the RALES neurohormonal substudy. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 40(9), 1596-1601 (2002).
19. Nagueh SF, Middleton KJ, Kopelen HA, Zoghbi WA, Quinones MA. Doppler tissue imaging: a noninvasive technique for evaluation of left ventricular relaxation and estimation of filling pressures. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 30(6), 1527-1533 (1997).
20. Parving HH, Persson F, Lewis JB, Lewis EJ, Hollenberg NK. Aliskiren combined with losartan in Type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N. Engl. J. Med. 358(23), 2433-2446 (2008).
21. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 49(2 Suppl. 2), S12-S154 (2007).
22. Berthoux F, Jones E, Gellert R, Mendel S, Saker L, Briggs D. Epidemiological data of treated end-stage renal failure in the European Union (EU) during the year 1995: report of the European Renal Association Registry and the National Registries. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 14(10), 2332-2342 (1999).
23. Standards of medical care in diabetes - 2006. Diabetes Care 29(Suppl. 1), S4-S42 (2006).
24. Parving HH, Lehnert H, Brochner-Mortensen J, Gomis R, Andersen S, Arner P. The effect of irbesartan on the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 345(12), 870-878 (2001).
25. Brenner BM, Cooper ME, de Zeeuw D et al. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with Type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N. Engl. J. Med. 345(12), 861-869 (2001).
26. Weber MA, Giles TD. Inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system to prevent cardiovascular diseases: do we need a more comprehensive strategy? Rev. Cardiovasc. Med. 7(2), 45-54 (2006).
27. Kunz R, Friedrich C, Wolbers M, Mann JF. Meta-analysis: effect of monotherapy and combination therapy with inhibitors of the renin angiotensin system on proteinuria in renal disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 148(1), 30-48 (2008).
28. Mann JF, Schmieder RE, McQueen M et al. Renal outcomes with telmisartan, ramipril, or both, in people at high vascular risk (the ONTARGET study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial. Lancet 372(9638), 547-553 (2008).
29. de Zeeuw D, Remuzzi G, Parving HH et al. Albuminuria, a therapeutic target for cardiovascular protection in Type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy. Circulation 110(8), 921-927 (2004).
30. Solomon-SD, Appelbaum E, Manning WJ et al. Effect of the direct renin inhibitor aliskiren, the angiotensin receptor blocker losartan, or both on left ventricular mass in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation 119(4), 530-537 (2009)
31. Korner PI, Jennings GL. Assessment of prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension. J. Hypertens. 16(6), 715-723 (1998).
32. Mancini GB, Dahlof B, Diez J. Surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease: structural markers. Circulation 109(25 Suppl. 1), IV22-IV30 (2004).
33. Okin PM, Devereux RB, Jern S et al. Regression of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy during antihypertensive treatment and the prediction of major cardiovascular events. JAMA 292(19), 2343-2349 (2004).
34. Dahlof B, Devereux RB, Kjeldsen SE et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet 359(9311), 995-1003 (2002).
35. Ruggenenti P, Iliev I, Costa GM et al. Preventing left ventricular hypertrophy by ACE inhibition in hypertensive patients with Type 2 diabetes: a prespecified analysis of the Bergamo Nephrologic Diabetes Complications Trial (BENEDICT). Diabetes Care 31(8), 1629-1634 (2008).
36. Schmieder RE, Martus P, Klingbeil A. Reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension. A meta-analysis of randomized double-blind studies. JAMA 275(19), 1507-1513 (1996).
37. Devereux RB, Dahlof B, Gerdts E et al. Regression of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy by losartan compared with atenolol: the Losartan Intervention for Endpoint Reduction in Hypertension (LIFE) trial. Circulation 110(11), 1456-1462 (2004).
38. Cuspidi C, Negri F, Zanchetti A. Angiotensin II receptor blockers and cardiovascular protection: focus on left ventricular hypertrophy regression and atrial fibrillation prevention. Vasc. Health Risk Manag. 4(1), 67-73 (2008).
39. Bottini PB, Carr AA, Prisant LM, Flickinger FW, Allison JD, Gottdiener JS. Magnetic resonance imaging compared to echocardiography to assess left ventricular mass in the hypertensive patient. Am. J. Hypertens. 8(3), 221-228 (1995).
40. Cuspidi C, Esposito A, Negri F et al. Studies on left ventricular hypertrophy regression in arterial hypertension: a clear message for the clinician? Am. J. Hypertens. 21(4), 458-463 (2008).
41. Ostchega Y, Hughes JP, Wright JD, McDowell MA, Louis T. Are demographic characteristics, health care access and utilization, and comorbid conditions associated with hypertension among US adults? Am. J. Hypertens. 21(2), 159-165 (2008).
42. Oh BH. Aliskiren, the first in a new class of direct renin inhibitors for hypertension: present and future perspectives. Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 8(16), 2839-2849 (2007).
43. Ripley TL, Harrison D. The power to TRANSCEND. Lancet 372(9644), 1128-1130 (2008).
44. Palatini PJW, Shlyakhto E, Botha J, Bheda M, Keefe DL. Comparative antihypertensive efficacy of the oral direct renin inhibitor aliskiren, irbesartan and ramipril after a missed dose: a double-blind ambulatory blood pressure monitoring study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 51, 817-818 (2008).
45. Azizi M, Webb R, Nussberger J, Hollenberg NK. Renin inhibition with aliskiren: where are we now, and where are we going? J. Hypertens. 24(2), 243-256 (2006).
46. Weir MR. Effects of renin-angiotensin system inhibition on end-organ protection: can we do better? Clin. Ther. 29(9), 1803-1824 (2007).
47. Yusuf S, Teo KK, Pogue J et al. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N. Engl. J. Med. 358(15), 1547-1559 (2008).
48. Oparil S, Yarows SA, Patel S et al. Efficacy and safety of combined use of aliskiren and valsartan in patients with hypertension: a randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet 370(9583), 221-229 (2007). Erratum in: Lancet 370(9598), 1542 (2007).