Internal control of hurricane intensity variability: The dual nature of potential vorticity mixing

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 66, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 133-147

  Rozoff, Christopher M ^a   Kossin, James P ^a   Schubert, Wayne H ^b   Mulero, Pedro J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^b Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANNULAR RINGS; BAROTROPIC MODELS; EYEWALL; HURRICANE EYEWALLS; HURRICANE INTENSITIES; INTERNAL CONTROLS; POTENTIAL VORTICITIES; RING GEOMETRIES; STRETCHING EFFECTS; SYMMETRIC INTENSIFICATIONS; TWO-DIMENSIONAL; VORTICITY GENERATIONS;

VORTICITY;

ATMOSPHERIC FORCING; BAROTROPIC MODE; GEOMETRY; HURRICANE; MIXING; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; SIMULATION;

EID: 65549132076     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2008JAS2717.1     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Bell, M. M., and M. T. Montgomery, 2008: Observed structure, evolution, and potential intensity of Category 5 Hurricane Isabel (2003) from 12 to 14 September. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 2023-2046.
2. Bretherton, F., and D. Haidvogel, 1976: Two-dimensional turbulence above topography. J. Fluid Mech., 78, 129-154.
3. Cram, T. A., J. Persing, M. T. Montgomery, and S. A. Braun, 2007: A Lagrangian trajectory view on transport and mixing processes between the eye, eyewall, and environment using a high-resolution simulation of Hurricane Bonnie (1998). J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 1835-1856.
4. DeMaria, M., and J. Kaplan, 1994: A statistical hurricane intensity prediction scheme (SHIPS) for the Atlantic Basin. Wea. Forecasting, 9, 209-220.
5. Dunion, J. P., and C. S. Velden, 2004: The impact of the Saharan air layer on Atlantic tropical cyclone activity. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 85, 353-365.
6. Dvorak, V. F., 1984: Tropical cyclone intensity analysis using satellite data. NOAA Tech. Rep. NESDIS 11, Washington, DC, 47 pp. [Available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161.]
7. Eastin, M. D., P. D. Reasor, D. S. Nolan, F. D. Marks Jr., and J. F. Gamache, 2006: The evolution of low-wavenumber vorticity during rapid intensification: A dual-Doppler analysis. Pre-prints, 27th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Monterey, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 4B.6.
8. Emanuel, K. A., 1986: An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. I: Steady-state maintenance. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 585-604.
9. Emanuel, K. A., 1988: The maximum intensity of hurricanes. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1143-1155.
10. Emanuel, K. A., 1989: The finite-amplitude nature of tropical cyclogenesis. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3431-3456.
11. Emanuel, K. A., 1995: Sensitivity of tropical cyclones to surface exchange coefficients and a revised steady-state model incorporating eye dynamics. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 3969-3976.
12. Emanuel, K. A., 1997: Some aspects of hurricane inner-core dynamics and energetics. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 1014-1026.
13. Emanuel, K. A., 2000: A statistical analysis of tropical cyclone intensity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 1139-1152.
14. Emanuel, K. A., C. DesAutels, C. Holloway, and R. Korty, 2004: Environmental control of tropical cyclone intensity. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 843-858.
15. Gray, W. M., 1968: Global view of the origin of tropical disturbances and storms. Mon. Wea. Rev., 96, 669-700.
16. Hausman, S. A., K. V. Ooyama, and W. H. Schubert, 2006: Potential vorticity structure of simulated hurricanes. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 87-108.
17. Jorgensen, D., 1984: Mesoscale and convective-scale characteristics of mature hurricanes. Part II: Inner core structure of Hurricane Allen (1980). J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1287-1311.
18. Knaff, J. A., J. P. Kossin, and M. DeMaria, 2003: Annular hurricanes. Wea. Forecasting, 18, 204-223.
19. Kossin, J. P., and M. D. Eastin, 2001: Two distinct regimes in the kinematic and thermodynamic structure of the hurricane eye and eyewall. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1079-1090.
20. Kossin, J. P., and W. H. Schubert, 2001: Mesovortices, polygonal flow patterns, and rapid pressure falls in hurricane-like vortices. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2196-2209.
21. Kossin, J. P., and W. H. Schubert, 2004: Mesovortices in Hurricane Isabel. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 85, 151-153.
22. Kossin, J. P., W. H. Schubert, and M. T. Montgomery, 2000: Unstable interactions between a hurricane's primary eyewall and a secondary ring of enhanced vorticity. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3893-3917.
23. Kossin, J. P., B. D. McNoldy, and W. H. Schubert, 2002: Vortical swirls in hurricane eye clouds. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 3144-3149.
24. Kwon, Y. C., and W. M. Frank, 2005: Dynamic instabilities of simulated hurricane-like vortices and their impacts on the core structure of hurricanes. Part I: Dry experiments. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 3955-3973.
25. Leith, C. E., 1984: Minimum enstrophy vortices. Phys. Fluids, 27, 1388-1395.
26. Mallen, K. J., M. T. Montgomery, and B. Wang, 2005: Reexamining the near-core radial structure of the tropical cyclone circulation: Implications for vortex resiliency. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 408-425.
27. Mashiko, W., 2005: Polygonal eyewall and mesovortices structure in a numerically simulated Typhoon Rusa. SOLA, 1, 29-32.
28. Matthaeus, W. H., and D. Montgomery, 1980: Selective decay hypothesis at high mechanical and magnetic Reynolds numbers. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 357, 203-222.
29. Merrill, R. T., 1988: Environmental influences on hurricane intensification. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1678-1687.
30. Montgomery, M. T., H. D. Snell, and Z. Yang, 2001: Axisymmetric spindown dynamics of hurricane-like vortices. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 421-435.
31. Montgomery, M. T., V. A. Vladimirov, and P. V. Denissenko, 2002: An experimental study on hurricane mesovortices. J. Fluid Mech., 471, 1-32.
32. Muramatsu, T., 1986: Trochoidal motion of the eye of Typhoon 8019. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 64, 259-272.
33. Nolan, D. S., and M. T. Montgomery, 2000: The algebraic growth of wavenumber-1 disturbances in hurricane-like vortices. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3514-3538.
34. Nolan, D. S., and M. T. Montgomery, 2002: Nonhydrostatic, three-dimensional perturbations to balanced, hurricane-like vortices. Part I: Linearized formulation, stability, and evolution. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2989-3020.
35. Nolan, D. S., and L. D. Grasso, 2003: Nonhydrostatic, three-dimensional perturbations to balanced, hurricane-like vortices. Part II: Symmetric response and nonlinear simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 2717-2745.
36. Nolan, D. S., M. T. Montgomery, and L. D. Grasso, 2001: The wavenumber-1 instability and trochoidal motion of hurricane-like vortices. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3243-3270.
37. Ooyama, K. V., 1990: A thermodynamic foundation for modeling the moist atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2580-2593.
38. Ooyama, K. V., 2001: A dynamic and thermodynamic foundation for modeling the moist atmosphere with parameterized microphysics. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2073-2102.
39. Persing, J., and M. T. Montgomery, 2003: Hurricane superintensity. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 2349-2371.
40. Reasor, P. D., M. T. Montgomery, F. D. Marks, and J. F. Gamache, 2000: Low-wavenumber structure and evolution of the hurricane inner core observed by airborne dual-Doppler radar. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 1653-1680.
41. Reasor, P. D., M. D. Eastin, and J. F. Gamache, 2009: Rapidly intensifying Hurricane Guillermo (1997). Part I: Low-wavenumber structure and evolution. Mon. Wea. Rev., in press.
42. Schubert, W. H., 2004: A generalization of Ertel's potential vorticity to a cloudy, precipitating atmosphere. Meteor. Z., 13, 465-471.
43. Schubert, W. H., M. T. Montgomery, R. K. Taft, T. A. Guinn, S. R. Fulton, J. P. Kossin, and J. P. Edwards, 1999: Polygonal eyewalls, asymmetric eye contraction, and potential vorticity mixing in hurricanes. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 1197-1223.
44. Schubert, W. H., S. A. Hausman, M. Garcia, K. V. Ooyama, and H.-C. Kuo, 2001: Potential vorticity in a moist atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3148-3157.
45. Terwey, W. D., and M. T. Montgomery, 2002: Wavenumber-2 and wavenumber-m vortex Rossby wave instabilities in a generalized three-region model. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2421-2427.
46. Wang, Y., 2002a: Vortex Rossby waves in a numerically simulated tropical cyclone. Part I: Overall structure, potential vorticity, and kinetic energy budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1213-1238.
47. Wang, Y., 2002b: Vortex Rossby waves in a numerically simulated tropical cyclone. Part II: The role of tropical cyclone structure and intensity changes. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1239-1262.
48. Yang, B., Y. Wang, and B. Wang, 2007: The effect of internally generated inner-core asymmetries on tropical cyclone potential intensity. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 1165-1188.
49. Yau, M. K., Y. Liu, D.-L. Zhang, and Y. Chen, 2004: A multiscale numerical study of Hurricane Andrew (1992). Part VI: Small-scale inner-core structures and wind streaks. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 1410-1433.