The EG95 antigen of Echinococcus spp. contains positively selected amino acids, which may influence host specificity and vaccine efficacy

PLoS ONE

Volumn 4, Issue 4, 2009, Pages

  Haag, Karen Luisa ^a   Gottstein, Bruno ^b   Ayala, Francisco Jose ^c  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL   (Brazil)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINO ACID; ANTIGEN; ANTIGEN EG95; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; EG95 PROTEIN, ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS; EM95 PROTEIN, ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS; HELMINTH DNA; HELMINTH PROTEIN; HELMINTH RNA; MESSENGER RNA; PARASITE ANTIGEN; PRIMER DNA; VACCINE;

ANTIGEN EXPRESSION; ANTIGEN STRUCTURE; ARTICLE; DRUG EFFICACY; ECHINOCOCCUS; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HOST RANGE; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; ONCOSPHERE; PHYLOGENY; PROTEIN CONFORMATION; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN FOLDING; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMAL; ECHINOCOCCOSIS; GENETIC SELECTION; GENETICS; HOST PARASITE INTERACTION; HUMAN; IMMUNOLOGY; MOLECULAR GENETICS; PARASITOLOGY; PATHOGENICITY; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY;

ANIMALIA; CANIDAE; CANIS FAMILIARIS; ECHINOCOCCUS; ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; ANTIGENS, HELMINTH; BASE SEQUENCE; DNA PRIMERS; DNA, HELMINTH; ECHINOCOCCOSIS; ECHINOCOCCUS; EVOLUTION, MOLECULAR; HELMINTH PROTEINS; HOST-PARASITE INTERACTIONS; HUMANS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PHYLOGENY; RNA, HELMINTH; RNA, MESSENGER; SELECTION (GENETICS); SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY, AMINO ACID; VACCINES;

EID: 65549127185     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005362     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Nakao M, McManus DP, Schantz PM, Craig PS, Ito A (2007) A molecular phylogeny of the genus Echinococcus inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes. Parasitology 134: 713-722.
2. Haag KL, Gottstein B, Ayala FJ (2008) Taeniid history, natural selection and antigenic diversity: evolutionary theory meets helminthology. Trends Parasitol 24: 96-102.
3. Chow C, Gauci CG, Cowman AF, Lightowlers MW (2001) A gene family expressing a host-protective antigen of Echinococcus granulosus. Mol Biochem Parasitol 118: 83-88.
4. Gauci C, Merli M, Muller V, Chow C, Kinpei Y, et al. (2002) Molecular cloning of a vaccine antigen against infection with the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis. Infect Immun 70: 3969-3972.
5. Kyngdon CT, Gauci CG, Gonzalez AE, Flisser A, Zoli A, et al. (2006) Antibody responses and epitope specificities to the Taenia solium cysticercosis vaccines TSOL18 and TSOL45-1A. Parasite Immunol 28: 191-199.
6. Chow C, Gauci CG, Cowman AF, Lightowlers MW (2004) Echinococcus granulosus: oncosphere-specific transcription of genes encoding a host-protective antigen. Exp Parasitol 106: 183-186.
7. Zhang W, Li J, You H, Zhang Z, Turson G, et al. (2003) Echinococcus granulosus from Xinjiang, PR China: cDNAs encoding the EG95 vaccine antigen are expressed in different life cycle stages and are conserved in the oncosphere. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68: 40-43.
8. Bonay P, González LM, Benítez L, Foster M, Harrison LJS, et al. (2002) Genomic and functional characterisation of a secreted antigen of Taenia saginata oncospheres. Mol Biochem Parasitol 121: 269-273.
9. Waterkeyn J, Gauci C, Cowman A, Lightowlers MW (1997) Sequence analysis of a gene family encoding Taenia ovis vaccine antigens expressed during embryogenesis of eggs. Mol Biochem Parasitol 86: 75-84.
10. Lightowlers MW, Gauci CG, Chow C, Drew DR, Gauci SM, et al. (2003) Molecular and genetic characterisation of the host-protective oncosphere antigens of taeniid cestode parasites. Int J Parasitol 33: 1207-1217.
11. Lightowlers MW (2006) Vaccines against cysticercosis and hydatidosis: foundations in taeniid cestode immunology. Parasitol Int 55: S39-S43.
12. Woollard DJ, Gauci CG, Lightowlers MW (2000) Synthetic peptides induce antibody against a host-protective antigen of Echinococcus granulosus. Vaccine 18: 785-794.
13. Bork P, Doolittle RF (1992) Proposed acquisition of an animal domain by bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 8990-8994.
14. Filip LC, Mundy NI (2004) Rapid evolution by positive Darwinian selection in the extracellular domain of the abundant lymphocyte protein CD45 in primates. Mol Biol Evol 21: 1504-1511.
15. Woollard DJ, Heath DD, Lightowlers MW (2000) Assessment of protective immune responses against hydatid disease in sheep by immunization with synthetic peptide antigens. Parasitology 121: 145-153.
16. Woollard DJ, Gauci CG, Heath DD, Lightowlers MW (2001) Protection against hydatid disease induced with the EG95 vaccine is associated with conformational epitopes. Vaccine 19: 498-507.
17. Suzuki Y (2004) Negative selection on neutralization epitopes of poliovirus surface proteins: implications for prediction of candidate epitopes for immunization. Gene 328: 127-133.
18. Kanagawa T (2003) Bias and artifacts in multitemplate Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR). J Biosci Bioeng 96: 317-323.
19. Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG (1997) The ClustalX windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 25: 4876-4882.
20. Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S (2007) MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol 24: 1596-1599.
21. Ronquist F, Huelsenbeck JP (2003) MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19: 1572-1574.
22. Pond SL, Frost SD, Muse SV (2005) HyPhy: hypothesis testing using phylogenies. Bioinformatics 21: 676-679.
23. Nielsen R, Yang Z (1998) Likelihood models for detecting positively selected amino-acid sites and applications to the HIV-1 envelope gene. Genetics 148: 929-936.
24. Yang Z, Nielsen R, Goldman N, Pedersen AM (2000) Codon-substitution models for heterogeneous selection pressure at amino acid sites. Genetics 155: 431-449.
25. Rozas J, Sánchez-DelBarrio JC, Messeguer X, Rozas R (2003) DnaSP, DNA polymorphism analyses by the coalescent and other methods. Bioinformatics 19: 2496-2497.
26. Jones DT (1999) Protein secondary structure prediction based on position-specific scoring matrices. J Mol Biol 292: 195-202.
27. Bryson K, McGuffin LJ, Marsden RL, Ward JJ, Sodhi JS, et al. (2005) Protein structure prediction servers at University College London. Nucleic Acids Res 33: W36-W38.
28. Chow C, Gauci CG, Vural G, Jenkins DJ, Heath DD, et al. (2008) Echinococcus granulosus: variability of the host-protective EG95 vaccine antigen in G6 and G7 genotypic variants. Exp Parasitol 119: 499-505.
29. Gauci CG, Lightowlers MW (2001) Alternative splicing and sequence diversity of transcripts from the oncosphere stage of Taenia solium with homology to the 45W antigen of Taenia ovis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 112: 173-181.