Metals emitted from heavy-duty diesel vehicles equipped with advanced PM and NOX emission controls

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 43, Issue 18, 2009, Pages 2950-2959

  Hu, Shaohua ^a   Herner, Jorn D ^a   Shafer, Martin ^b   Robertson, William ^a   Schauer, James J ^b   Dwyer, Harry ^a   Collins, John ^a   Huai, Tao ^a   Ayala, Alberto ^a  

^a CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

Author keywords

Aftertreatment system; Diesel particulate filter; DPF; HDDV; Heavy duty diesel vehicles; Metals; SCR; Selective catalytic reduction; Water soluble metals

Indexed keywords

AFTERTREATMENT SYSTEM; DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTER; DPF; HDDV; HEAVY-DUTY DIESEL VEHICLES; SCR;

AIR FILTERS; DC MOTORS; DIESEL ENGINES; DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES; DYNAMOMETERS; ELECTRIC DRIVES; EMISSION CONTROL; FUEL FILTERS; HEAVY WATER; HYBRID SYSTEMS; LAWS AND LEGISLATION; METALS; METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS; PARTICULATE EMISSIONS; PASSIVE FILTERS; PERMANENT MAGNETS; PLATINUM; REDUCTION; RETROFITTING; TITANIUM; TRACE ELEMENTS; VANADIUM; VANADIUM ALLOYS; VEHICLES; WATER ANALYSIS; WATER FILTRATION; ZEOLITES;

SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION;

CHROMIUM; COPPER; IRON; LEAD; LUBRICATING AGENT; MANGANESE; NICKEL; PLATINUM; TRACE METAL; VANADIUM;

ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; CATALYSIS; DIESEL ENGINE; DILUTION; EMISSION CONTROL; FILTER; HEAVY METAL; HIGH TEMPERATURE; NITROGEN OXIDES; PARTICULATE MATTER; REDUCTION; SAMPLER; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; TRACE ELEMENT; ZEOLITE;

ARTICLE; CATALYSIS; CATALYST; DIESEL ENGINE; DYNAMOMETER; EXHAUST GAS; PARTICLE SIZE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 65549123091     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.02.052     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. CFR 86 Code of federal regulations. Protection of the environment.
2. Arhami M., Sillanpää M., Hu S., Olson M.R., Schauer J.J., and Sioutas C. Size-segregated inorganic and organic components of PM in the communities of the Los Angeles harbor. Aerosol Science and Technology 43 (2009) 145-160
3. Ayala A., Kado N.Y., Okamoto R.A., Holmén B.A., Kuzmicky P.A., Kobayashi R., and Stiglitz K.E. Diesel and CNG heavy-duty transit bus emissions over multiple driving schedules: regulated pollutants and project overview. SAE Transactions Journal of Fuels and Lubricants (2002) 735-747
4. Bardasz E., Mackney D., Britton N., Kleinschek G., Olofsson K., Murray I., and Walker A.P. Investigations of the interactions between lubricant-derived species and aftertreatment systems on a state-of-the-art heavy-duty diesel engine. SAE Paper (2003) 2003-01-1963
5. Barris M.A., Reinhart S.B., and Wahlquist F.H. The influence of lubricating oil and diesel fuel on ash accumulation in an exhaust particulate trap. SAE (1991) Paper 910131
6. Biswas S., Hu S., Verma V., Herner J.D., Robertson W.H., Ayala A., and Sioutas C. Physical properties of particulate matter (PM) from late model heavy-duty diesel vehicles operating with advanced PM and NOx emission control technologies. Atmospheric Environment 42 (2008) 5622-5634
7. Biswas S., Verma V., Schauer J.J., and Sioutas C. Chemical speciation of PM emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicles equipped with diesel particulate filter (DPF) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) retrofits. Atmospheric Environment 43 (2009) 1917-1925
8. Chang, M.-C.O., Rieger, P., Herner, J.D., Ayala, A., Fuentes, M., Robertson, W., Sahay, K., 2007. Chemistry of air toxics emitted from in-use heavy duty vehicles equipped with SCR retrofits. In: 26th Annual American Association for Aerosol Research, Reno, NV.
9. Conway R., Chatterjee S., Beaven A., Lavenius M., Viswanathan S.K., and Walker A.P. Combined SCR and DPF technology for heavy-duty diesel retrofit. SAE (2005) Technical Paper 2005-01-1862
10. Goldsmith C., Imrich A., Danaee H., Ning Y., and Kobzik L. Analysis of air pollution particulate-mediated oxidant stress in alveolar macrophages. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 54 (1998) 529-545
11. Herner, J.D., Ayala, A., Robertson, W.H., Rieger, P., Chang, M.-C.O., Sioutas, C., Geller, M., Ospital, J. 2007a. Towards 2010 NOx and PM emission levels: overview of CARB's investigation of advanced heavy-duty on-road vehicle retrofits and other technologies. In: 26th AAAR Annual Conference, September 24-28, 2007, Reno, Nevada.
12. Herner J.D., Robertson W.H., and Ayala A. Investigation of ultrafine particle number measurements from clean diesel truck using the European PMP protocol. SAE (2007) Technical Paper 2007-01-1114
13. Herner J.D., Green P.G., and Kleeman M.J. Measuring the trace elemental composition of size-resolved airborne particles. Environmental Science and Technology 40 (2006) 1925-1933
14. Lim M.C.H., Ayoko G.A., Morawska L., Ristovski Z.D., and Jayaratne E.R. The effects of fuel characteristics and engine operating conditions on the elemental composition of emissions from heavy duty diesel buses. Fuel 86 (2007) 1831-1839
15. Limbach L.K., Wick P., Manser P., Grass R.N., Bruinink A., and Stark W.J. Exposure of engineered nanoparticles to human lung epithelial cells: influence of chemical composition and catalytic activity on oxidative stress. Environmental Science and Technology 41 (2007) 4158-4163
16. Liu Z.G., Berg D.R., Swor T.A., and Schauer J.J. Comparative analysis on the effects of diesel particulate filter and selective catalytic reduction systems on a wide spectrum of chemical species emissions. Environmental Science and Technology 42 (2008) 6080-6085
17. Lough G.C., Schauer J.J., Park J.S., Shafer M.M., DeMinter J.T., and Weinstein J.P. Emissions of metals associated with motor vehicle roadways. Environmental Science and Technology 39 (2005) 826-836
18. Maricq M.M. Chemical characterization of particulate emissions from diesel engines: a review. Journal of Aerosol Science 38 (2007) 1079-1118
19. McGeehan J.A., Yeh S., Couch M., Hinz A., Otterholm B., Walker A.P., and Blakeman P. On the road to 2010 emissions: field test results and analysis with DPF-SCR system and ultra-low-sulfur diesel fuel. SAE (2005) Technical Paper 2005-01-3716
20. Phuleria H.C., Sheesley R.J., Schauer J.J., Fine P.M., and Sioutas C. Roadside measurements of size-segregated particulate organic compounds near gasoline and diesel-dominated freeways in Los Angeles, ca. Atmospheric Environment 41 (2007) 4653-4671
21. Prahalad A.K., Soukup J.M., Inmon J., Willis R., Ghio A.J., Becker S., and Gallagher J.E. Ambient air particles: effects on cellular oxidant radical generation in relation to particulate elemental chemistry. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 158 (1999) 81-91
22. Prophete C., Maciejczyk P., Salnikow K., Gould T., Larson T., Koenig J., Jaques P., Sioutas C., Lippmann M., and Cohen M. Effects of select PM-associated metals on alveolar macrophage phosphorylated erk1 and -2 and inos expression during ongoing alteration in iron homeostasis. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 69 (2006) 935-951
23. Ravindra K., Bencs L., and Van Grieken R. Platinum group elements in the environment and their health risk. Science of the Total Environment 318 (2004) 1-43
24. Singh M., Jaques P.A., and Sioutas C. Size distribution and diurnal characteristics of particle-bound metals in source and receptor sites of the Los Angeles Basin. Atmospheric Environment 36 (2002) 1675-1689
25. van Setten B.A.A.L., Makkee M., and Moulijn J.A. Science and technology of catalytic diesel particulate filters. Catalysis Reviews 43 (2001) 489-564
26. Wang Y.-F., Huang K.-L., Li C.-T., Mi H.-H., Luo J.-H., and Tsai P.-J. Emissions of fuel metals content from a diesel vehicle engine. Atmospheric Environment 37 (2003) 4637-4643
27. Zhang Y., Schauer J.J., Shafer M.M., Hannigan M.P., and Dutton S.J. Source apportionment of in vitro reactive oxygen species bioassay activity from atmospheric particulate matter. Environmental Science and Technology 42 (2008) 7502-7509