Learning in shifts of transient attention improves recognition of parts of ambiguous figure-ground displays

Journal of Vision

Volumn 9, Issue 4, 2009, Pages

  Kristjánsson, Árni ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ICELAND   (Iceland)

Author keywords

Attention; Depth; Learning; Memory; Visual cognition

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LEARNING; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PATTERN RECOGNITION; PERCEPTIVE DISCRIMINATION; PHOTOSTIMULATION; PHYSIOLOGY;

ADULT; ATTENTION; DISCRIMINATION (PSYCHOLOGY); FEMALE; FORM PERCEPTION; HUMANS; LEARNING; MALE; PATTERN RECOGNITION, VISUAL; PHOTIC STIMULATION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 65349179088     PISSN: None     EISSN: 15347362     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1167/9.4.21     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Ahissar, M., & Hochstein, S. (1997). Task difficulty and the specificity of perceptual learning. Nature, 387, 401-406.
2. Backus, B. T., & Haijiang, Q. (2007). Competition between newly recruited and pre-existing visual cues during the construction of visual appearance. Vision Research, 47, 919-924.
3. Baylis, G. C., & Driver, J. (1995). Obligatory edgeassignment in vision: The role of figure and part segmentation in symmetry detection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 21, 1323-1342.
4. Brascamp, J. W., Knapen, T. H., Kanai, R., Noest, A. J., van Ee, R., & van den Berg, A. V. (2008). Multitimescale perceptual history resolves visual ambiguity. PLoS ONE, 3, e1497.
5. Carrasco, M., Ling, S., & Read, S. (2004). Attention alters appearance. Nature Neuroscience, 7, 308-313.
6. Chun, M. M., & Jiang, Y. (1998). Contextual cueing: Implicit learning and memory of visual context guides spatial attention. Cognitive Psychology, 36, 28-71.
7. Dosher, B., & Lu, Z.-L. (2004). Mechanisms of perceptual learning. In L. Itti & G. Rees (Eds.), Neurobiology of attention (pp. 471-476). Cambridge: MIT Press.
8. Driver, J., & Baylis, G. C. (1996). Edge-assignment and figure-ground segmentation in short-term visual matching. Cognitive Psychology, 31, 248-306.
9. Edelman, J. A., Kristjánsson, Á., & Nakayama, K. (2007). The influence of object-relative visuomotor set on express saccades. Journal of Vision, 7(6):12, 1-13, http://journalofvision.org/7/6/12/, doi:10.1167/7.6.12.
10. Fahle, M., Edelman, S., & Poggio, T. (1995). Fast perceptual learning in hyperacuity. Vision Research, 35, 3003-3013.
11. Fischer, B., & Boch, R. (1983). Saccadic eye movements after extremely short reaction times in the monkey. Brain Research, 260, 21-26.
12. Fischer, B., & Ramsperger, E. (1984). Human express saccades: Extremely short reaction times of goal directed eye movements. Experimental Brain Research, 57, 191-195.
13. Fischer, B., & Weber, H. (1993). Express saccades and visual attention. Behavioral & Brain Sciences, 16, 553-567.
14. Fiser, J., & Aslin, R. N. (2001). Unsupervised statistical learning of higher-order spatial structures from visual scenes. Psychological Science, 12, 499-504.
15. Folk, C. L., & Remington, R. (1999). Can new objects override attentional control settings? Perception & Psychophysics, 61, 727- 739.
16. Folk, C. L., Remington, R. W., & Johnston, J. C. (1992). Involuntary covert orienting is contingent on attentional control settings. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 1030-1044.
17. Gabrieli, J. D. E., Fleischman, D. A., Keane, M. M., Reminger, S. L., & Morrell, F. (1995). Double dissociation between memory systems underlying explicit and implicit memory in the human brain. Psychological Science, 6, 76-82.
18. Gibson, E. J. (1963). Perceptual learning. Annual Review of Psychology, 14, 29-56.
19. Gibson, J. J., & Gibson, E. J. (1955). Perceptual learning: Differentiation or enrichment? Psychological Review, 62, 32-41.
20. Goldstone, R. L. (1998). Perceptual learning. Annual Review of Psychology, 49, 585-612.
21. Hacker, M. J., & Ratcliffe, R. (1979). A revised table of dV for M-alternative forced choice tasks. Perception & Psychophysics, 26, 168-170.
22. Haijiang, Q., Saunders, J. A., Stone, R. W., & Backus, B. T. (2006). Demonstration of cue recruitment: Change in visual appearance by means of Pavlovian conditioning. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, United States of America, 103, 483-488.
23. Jonides, J. (1981). Voluntary versus automatic control over the mind's eye's movement. In J. B. Long & A. D. Baddeley (Eds.), Attention & performance IX (pp. 187-203). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
24. Karni, A., & Sagi, D. (1993). The time course of learning a visual skill. Nature, 365, 250-252.
25. Kristjánsson, Á. (2006a). Rapid learning in attention shifts: A review. Visual Cognition, 13, 324-362.
26. Kristjánsson, Á. (2006b). Simultaneous priming along multiple dimensions in visual search task. Vision Research, 46, 2554-2570.
27. Kristjánsson, Á. (2006c). Surface assignment modulates object-formation for visual short-term memory. Perception, 35, 865-881.
28. Kristjánsson, Á. (2007). Saccade landing point selection and the competition account of pro- and antisaccade generation: The involvement of visual attention: A review. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 48, 97-113.
29. Kristjánsson, Á. (2008). "I know what you did on the last trial" - VA selective review of research on priming in visual search. Frontiers in Bioscience, 13, 1171-1181.
30. Kristjánsson, Á., & Driver, J. (2008). Priming in visual search: Separating the effects of target repetition, distractor repetition and role-reversal. Vision Research, 48, 1217-1232.
31. Kristjánsson, Á., Eyjólfsdóttir, K. Ó., & Jónsdóttir, A. (2008). Consistency in cue lead times between trials improves performance on discrimination tasks involving transient attention. Perception, 37, 45.
32. Kristjánsson, Á., Mackeben, M., & Nakayama, K. (2001). Rapid, object based learning in the deployment of transient attention. Perception, 30, 1375-1387.
33. Kristjánsson, Á., & Nakayama, K. (2003). A primitive memory system for the deployment of transient attention. Perception & Psychophysics, 65, 711-724.
34. Kristjánsson, Á., & Sigurdardottir, H. M. (2008). On the benefits of transient attention across the visual field. Perception, 37, 747-764.
35. Leopold, D. A., Wilke, M., Maier, A., & Logothetis, N. K. (2002). Stable perception of visually ambiguous patterns. Nature Neuroscience, 5, 605-609.
36. Mackeben, M., & Nakayama, K. (1993). Express attentional shifts. Vision Research, 33, 85-90.
37. Maljkovic, V., & Nakayama, K. (1994). Priming of popout: I. Role of features. Memory and Cognition, 22, 657-672.
38. Most, S. B., & Simons, D. J. (2001). Attention capture, orienting, and awareness. In C. Folk & B. Gibson (Eds.), Attraction, distraction and action: Multiple perspectives on attentional capture (pp. 151-173). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
39. Müller, H. J., & Findlay, J. M. (1988). The effect of visual attention on peripheral discrimination thresholds in single and multiple element displays. Acta Psychologica, 69, 129-155.
40. Müller, H. J., & Rabbitt, P. M. (1989). Reflexive and voluntary orienting of visual attention: Time course of activation and resistance to interruption. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 15, 315-330.
41. Nakayama, K., & Mackeben, M. (1989). Sustained and transient components of visual attention. Vision Research, 29, 1631-1647.
42. Nakayama, K., Maljkovic, V., & Kristjánsson, Á. (2004). Short term memory for the rapid deployment of visual attention. In Í. M. S. Gazzaniga (Ed.), The cognitive neurosciences (3rd ed.). Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press.
43. Pashler, H. (1998). The psychology of attention. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
44. Posner, M. J. (1980). Orienting of attention. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 32, 3-25.
45. Ross, L. E., & Ross, S. M. (1980). Saccade latency and warning signals: Stimulus onset, offset, and change as warning events. Perception & Psychophysics, 27, 251-257.
46. Rubin, E. (1915). Synsoplevede figurer. Copenhagen: Gyldendalske.
47. Saslow, M. G. (1967). Effects of components of displacement-step upon latency for saccadic eye movements. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 57, 1024-1029.
48. Schacter, D. L., & Buckner, R. L. (1998). Priming and the brain. Neuron, 20, 185-195.
49. Seitz, A. R., & Watanabe, T. (2003). Psychophysics: Is subliminal learning really passive? Nature, 422, 36.
50. Seitz, A. R., & Watanabe, T. (2005). A unified model for perceptual learning. Trends in Cognitive Science, 9, 329-334.
51. Shiu, L. P., & Pashler, H. (1992). Improvement in line orientation discrimination is retinally local but dependent on cognitive set. Perception & Psychophysics, 52, 582-588.
52. Sigurdardottir, H. M., Kristjánsson, Á., & Driver, J. (2008). Repetition streaks increase perceptual sensitivity in brief visual search displays. Visual Cognition, 16, 643-658.
53. Sireteanu, R., & Rittenbach, R. (2000). Perceptual learning in visual search generalizes over tasks, locations, and eyes. Vision Research, 40, 2925-2949.
54. Theeuwes, J. (1991). Exogenous and endogenous control of attention: The effect of visual onsets and offsets. Perception & Psychophysics, 49, 83-90.
55. Vecera, S. P., Flevaris, A. V., & Filapek, J. C. (2004). Exogenous spatial attention influences figure-ground assignment. Psychological Science, 15, 20-26.
56. Warrington, E. K., & Weiskrantz, L. (1968). New method of testing long-term retention with special reference to amnesic patients. Nature, 217, 972-974.
57. Watanabe, T., Náñez, J. E., & Sasaki, Y. (2001). Perceptual learning without perception. Nature, 413, 844-848.
58. Wickens, T. D. (2002). Elementary signal detection theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
59. Wright, R. D., & Ward, L. M. (2008). Orienting of attention. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
60. Yantis, S., & Jonides, J. (1984). Abrupt visual onsets and selective attention: Evidence from visual search. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 10, 601-621.
61. Yeshurun, Y., & Carrasco, M. (1998). Attention improves or impairs visual performance by enhancing spatial resolution. Nature, 396, 72-75.