Effect of school-based physical activity interventions on body mass index in children: A meta-analysis

CMAJ. Canadian Medical Association Journal

Volumn 180, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 719-726

  Harris, Kevin C ^a   Kuramoto, Lisa K ^b   Schulzer, Michael ^b   Retallack, Jennifer E ^a  

^a BC CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^b VANCOUVER GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY MASS; CHILD; CINAHL; CLINICAL TRIAL; COCHRANE LIBRARY; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CURRICULUM; ELEMENTARY STUDENT; EMBASE; HUMAN; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MEDLINE; META ANALYSIS; OBESITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRIMARY PREVENTION; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; THERAPY EFFECT; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

EID: 65349171524     PISSN: 08203946     EISSN: 14882329     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.080966     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Reilly JJ, Methven E, McDowell ZC, et al. Health consequences of obesity. Arch Dis Child 2003;88:748-52.
2. Ogden CL, Flegal KM, Carroll MD, et al. Prevalence and trends in overweight among US children and adolescents, 1999-2000. JAMA 2002;288:1728-32.
3. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, et al. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 2006;295:1549-55.
4. Shields M. Overweight Canadian children and adolescents. Ottawa (ON): Statistics Canada; 2005 [modified 2008 Nov. 16]. Available: www.statcan.ca/english/research /82-620-MIE/2005001/articles/child/cobesity.htm (accessed 2009 Jan. 16).
5. Jotangia D, Moody A, Stamatakis E, et al.; National Centre for Social Research, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health at the Royal Free and University College Medical School. Obesity among children under 11 [revised]. London (UK): UK Department of Health; 2006. Available: www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsand statistics/Publications/PublicationsStatistics/ DH-4109245 (accessed 2009 Jan. 16).
6. Rolland-Cachera MF, Castetbon K, Arnault N, et al. Body mass index in 7-9-y-old French children: frequency of obesity, overweight and thinness. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord2002;26:1610-6.
7. Fredriks AM, van Buuren S, Wit JM, et al. Body index measurements in 1996-7 compared with 1980. Arch Dis Child2000;82:107-12.
8. Bibbins-Domingo K, Coxson P, Pletcher MJ, et al. Adolescent overweight and future adult coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 2007;357:2371-9.
9. Hayman LL, Williams CL, Daniels SR, et al. Cardiovascular health promotion in the schools: a statement for health and education professionals and child health advocates from the committee on atherosclerosis, hypertension, and obesity in youth (AHOY) of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, American Heart Association. Circulation 2004;110:2266-75.
10. Sorof JM, Lai D, Turner J, et al. Overweight, ethnicity, and the prevalence of hypertension in school-aged children. Pediatrics2004;113: 475-82.
11. Olshansky SJ, Passaro DJ, Hershow RC, et al. A potential decline in life expectancy in the United States in the 21st century. N Engl J Med2005;352:1138-45.
12. Summerbell CD, Waters E, Edmunds LD, et al. Interventions for preventing obesity in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;(3):CD001871.
13. Epstein LH, Goldfield GS. Physical activity in the treatment of childhood overweight and obesity: current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999;31(11 Suppl):S553-9.
14. Advisory Committee on Healthy Active Living for Children and Youth. Healthy active living for children and youth. Paediatr Child Health 2002;7:339-45.
15. Gibson P, Edmunds L, Haslam DW, et al. An approach to weight management in children and adolescents (2-18 years) in primary care. London (UK): Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health; 2002. Available: www.tripdatabase.com /SearchLander.html?s=1&gk= An+approach+to+weight+management+in+children +and+adolescents+%282%E2%80%9318yrs%29+in+primary+care&temId=324384 (accessed 2009 Jan. 16).
16. Committee on Nutrition. Prevention of pediatric overweight and obesity. Pediatrics 2003;112:424-30.
17. Peterson KE, Fox MK. Addressing the epidemic of childhood obesity through school-based interventions: What has been done and where do we go from here? J Law Med Ethics 2007;35:113-30.
18. Are we doing enough? A status report on Canadian public policy and child and youth health. Ottawa (ON): Canadian Pediatric Society; 2007. Available: www.cps.ca/EnglishAdvocacy/StatusReport07.pdf (accessed 2009 Jan. 16).
19. Childhood obesity- 2006 update and overview of policy options. Denver (CO): National Conference of State Legislatures; 2007. Available: www.ncsl.org/programs/health/ChildhoodObesity-2006.htm (accessed 2009 Jan. 16).
20. A strategy for combatting childhood obesity and physical inactivity in British Columbia. Victoria (BC): Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Select Standing Committee on Health; 2006. Available: www.leg.bc.ca/cmt/ 38thparl/session-2 /health/reports/Rpt-Health-38-2-29Nov2006.pdf (accessed 2009 Jan. 16).
21. Choosing activity: a physical activity action plan. London (UK): Department of Health; 2005. Available: www.dh.gov.uk/en/ Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH-4105354 (accessed 2009 Mar. 2).
22. The action plan on physical activity 2005-2009; working together for physical activity. Oslo (Norway): Norwegian Ministry of Health and Care Services; 2005. Available: www.regjeringen.no/upload/kilde/hod/red/2006/0002/ ddd/pdfv/269037-hod -kortversjon-engelsk.pdf (accessed 2009 Jan. 16).
23. Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, et al. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: Is blinding necessary? Control Clin Trials 1996;17:1-12.
24. Data collection checklist. Ottawa (ON): Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Review Group (EPOC); 2002. Available: http://epoc.cochrane.org /Files/Website/Reviewer%20Resources/ Data%20Collection%20Checklist%20-%20 EPOC%20-%202007-Feb-27.doc (accessed 2009 Jan. 16).
25. Higgins J, Altman D. Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. Version 5.0.1. Cochrane Collaboration; 2008. Available: www.cochrane-handbook.org (accessed 2009 Jan. 16).
26. Dietz WH, Robinson TN. Use of the body mass index (BMI) as a measure of overweight in children and adolescents. J Pediatr 1998;132:191-3.
27. Mei Z, Grummer-Strawn LM, Wang J, et al. Do skinfold measurements provide additional information to body mass index in the assessment of body fatness among children and adolescents? Pediatrics 2007;119:e1306-13.
28. Pietrobelli A, Faith MS, Allison DB, et al. Body mass index as a measure of adiposity among children and adolescents: a validation study. J Pediatr 1998;132:204-10.
29. Cole TJ, Faith MS, Pietrobelli A, et al. What is the best measure of adiposity change in growing children: BMI, BMI %, BMI z-score or BMI centile? Eur J Clin Nutr 2005;59:419-25.
30. Hopper CA, Munoz KD, Gruber MB, et al. The effects of a family fitness program on the physical activity and nutrition behaviors of third-grade children. Res Q Ex- erc Sport 2005;76:130-9.
31. Luepker RV, Perry CL, McKinlay SM, et al. Outcomes of a field trial to improve children's dietary patterns and physical activity: the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH). JAMA 1996;275:768-76.
32. Higgins JPT, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, et al. Measuring inconsistency in metaanalyses. BMJ 2003;327:557-60.
33. Higgins JPT, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med 2002;21:1539-58.
34. Burke V, Milligan RA, Thompson C, et al. A controlled trial of health promotion programs in 11-year-olds using physical activity " enrichment" for higher risk children. J Pediatr 1998;132:840-8.
35. Chavarro JE, Peterson KE, Sobol AM, et al. Effects of a school-based obesity- prevention intervention on menarche (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2005;16:1245-52.
36. Linden C, Ahlborg HG, Besjakov J, et al. A school curriculum-based exercise program increases bone mineral accrual and bone size in prepubertal girls: two-year data from the Pediatric Osteoporosis Prevention (POP) study. J Bone Miner Res 2006;21:829-35.
37. Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, Hannan PJ, et al. New moves: a school-based obesity prevention program for adolescent girls. Prev Med 2003;37:41-51.
38. Pate RR, Ward DS, Saunders RP, et al. Promotion of physical activity among high- school girls: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Public Health 2005;95:1582-7.
39. Spiegel SA, Foulk D. Reducing overweight through a multidisciplinary school- based intervention. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006;14:88-96.
40. Stock S, Miranda C, Evans S, et al. Healthy buddies: a novel, peer-led health promotion program for the prevention of obesity and eating disorders in children in elementary school. Pediatrics 2007;120:e1059-68.
41. Carrel AL, Clark RR, Peterson SE, et al. Improvement of fitness, body composition, and insulin sensitivity in overweight children in a school-based exercise program: a randomized, controlled study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005;159:963-8.
42. Kain J, Uauy R, Albala, et al. School-based obesity prevention in Chilean primary school children: methodology and evaluation of a controlled study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28:483-93.
43. MacKelvie KJ, Khan KM, Petit MA, et al. A school-based exercise intervention elicits substantial bone health benefits: a 2-year randomized controlled trial in girls. Pediatrics 2003;112:e447.
44. MacKelvie KJ, Petit MA, Khan KM, et al. Bone mass and structure are enhanced following a 2-year randomized controlled trial of exercise in prepubertal boys. Bone 2004;34:755-64.
45. Lohman T, Thompson J, Going S, et al. Indices of changes in adiposity in American Indian children. Prev Med 2003;37:S91-6.
46. Donnelly JE, Jacobsen D, Whatley J, et al. Nutrition and physical activity program to attenuate obesity and promote physical and metabolic fitness in elementary school children. Obes Res 1996;4:229-43.
47. Sallis JF, McKenzie TL, Alcaraz JE, et al. Project SPARK. Effects of physical education on adiposity in children. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993;699:127-36.
48. Coleman KJ, Tiller C, Sanchez J, et al. Prevention of the epidemic of overweight in low-income schools. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005;159:217-24.
49. Webber LS, Catellier DJ, Lytle LA, et al. Promoting physical activity in middle school girls: Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls. Am J Prev Med 2008;34:173-184.
50. Pope RP, Coleman KJ, Gonzalez EC, et al. Validity of revised System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT). Pediatr Exerc Sci 2002;14:135-46.
51. Canadian Association of Pediatric Health Centres; Pediatric Chairs of Canada; CIHR Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes. Addressing childhood obesity: a call for action. Ottawa (ON): Canadian Institutes of Health Research; 2004.
52. Kahn EB, Ramsey LT, Brownson RC, et al. The effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity. A systematic review. Am J Prev Med 2002;22(4 Suppl): 73-107.
53. Trost SG, Kerr LM, Ward DS, et al. Physical activity and determinants of physical activity in obese and non-obese children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord2001;25:822-9.
54. Kimm SYS, Glynn NW, Kriska AM, et al. Decline in physical activity in black girls and white girls during adolescence. N Engl J Med 2002;347:709-15.
55. Jakicic JM, Marcus BH, Gallagher KI, et al. Effect of exercise duration and intensity on weight loss in overweight, sedentary women: a randomized trial. JAMA 2003;290:1323-30.
56. Sweeting HN. Measurement and definitions of obesity in childhood and adolescence: a field guide for the uninitiated. Nutr J 2007;6:32.
57. Bray GA, DeLany JP, Volaufova J, et al. Prediction of body fat in 12-y-old African American and white children: evaluation of methods. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;76:980-90.
58. McCarthy HD. Body fat measurements in children as predictors for the metabolic syndrome: focus on waist circumference. Proc Nutr Soc 2006;65:385-92.
59. Wells JCK. A critique of the expression of paediatric body composition data. Arch Dis Child 2001;85:67-72.
60. Calle EE, Thun MJ, Petrelli JM, et al. Body-mass index and mortality in a prospective cohort of US adults. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1097-105.
61. Jee SH, Sull JW, Park J, et al. Body-mass index and mortality in Korean men and women. N Engl J Med 2006;355:779-87.
62. Mora S, Yanek LR, Moy TF, et al. Interaction of body mass index and Framing- ham risk score in predicting incident coronary disease in families. Circulation 2005;111:1871-6.
63. Must A, Jacques P, Dallal G, et al. Long-term morbidity and mortality of overweight adolescents. A follow-up of the Harvard growth study of 1922 to 1935. N Engl J Med 1992;327:1350-5.
64. Must A, Strauss RS. Risks and consequences of childhood and adolescent obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999;23 Suppl 2:S2-11.
65. Freedman DS, Dietz WH, Srinivasan SR, et al. The relation of overweight to cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents: the Bogalusa heart study. Pediatrics 1999;103:1175-82.
66. Din-Dzietham R, Liu Y, Bielo MV, et al. High blood pressure trends in children and adolescents in national surveys, 1963 to 2002. Circulation 2007;116:1488-96.
67. Whitaker RC, Wright JA, Pepe MS, et al. Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity. N Engl J Med 1997;337:869-73.
68. Tremblay MS, Willms JD. Secular trends in the body mass index of Canadian children. CMAJ 2000;163:1429-33.
69. Hansen HS, Froberg K, Hyldebrandt N, et al. A controlled study of eight months of physical training and reduction of blood pressure in children: the Odense schoolchild study. BMJ 1991;303:682-5.
70. Schunemann HJ, Oxman AD, Vist GE, et al. Interpreting results and drawing conclusions. In: Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. Version 5.0.1. Cochrane Collaboration; 2008. Available: www.cochrane-handbook.org (accessed 2009 Mar.3).
71. Council on Sports Medicine and Fitness; Council on School Health. Active healthy living: prevention of childhood obesity through increased physical activity. Pediatrics 2006;117:1834-42.
72. Pate RR, Davis MG, Robinson TN, et al. Promoting physical activity in children and youth: a leadership role for schools: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism (Physical Activity Committee) in collaboration with the Councils on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young and Cardiovascular Nursing. Circulation 2006;114:1214-24.
73. Epstein LH, Roemmich JN, Robinson JL, et al. A randomized trial of the effects of reducing television viewing and computer use on body mass index in young children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2008;162:239-45.
74. James J, Thomas P, Cavan D, et al. Preventing childhood obesity by reducing consumption of carbonated drinks: cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2004; 328:1237.
75. Foster GD, Sherman S, Borradaile KE, et al. A policy-based school intervention to prevent overweight and obesity. Pediatrics 2008;121:e794-802.
76. Collins CE, Warren J, Neve M, et al. Measuring effectiveness of dietetic interventions in child obesity: a systematic review of randomized trials. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006;160:906-22.