Downward mobility of women from white-collar employment: Determinants and timing by race

Sociological Forum

Volumn 24, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 382-401

  Wilson, George ^a  

^a University of Miami   (United States)

Author keywords

Downward mobility; Gender; Occupations; Race; Racial stratification; White collar

Indexed keywords

EID: 64949152847     PISSN: 08848971     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1573-7861.2009.01104.x     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Allison, Paul. 1984. Event History Analysis. Boulder, CO : Sage.
2. Beck, E. M. Charles Horan. 1978 Stratification in a Dual Economy American Sociological Review 43 : 478 497.
3. Bobo, Lawrence, James Kluegel Ryan Smith. 1997 Laissez-Faire Racism: The Crystallization of a Kinder, Gentler, Antiblack Ideology In Steven Tuch Jack Martin (eds. Racial Attitudes in the 1990's : pp. 75 108. Westport, CT : Praeger.
4. Bobo, Lawrence Michael Massagli. 2001 Stereotyping and Urban Inequality In Alice O'Connor, Chris Tilly Lawrence Bobo (eds. Urban Inequality: Evidence from Four Cities : pp. 89 162. New York : Russell Sage.
5. Cappelli, Peter. 2000 Examining the Incidence of Downsizing and its Effect on Establishment Performance In David Neumark (ed. On the Job: Is Long-Term Employment a Thing of the Past? : pp. 463 516. New York : Russell Sage.
6. Cohen, Philip. 2007 Working for the Woman: Managers and the Gender Wage Gap American Sociological Review 72 : 681 704.
7. Collins, Sharon. 1993 Blacks on the Bubble: The Vulnerability of Black Executives in White Corporations Sociological Quarterly 34 : 3 : 429 447.
8. Collins, Sharon. 1997. Black Corporate Executives: The Making and Breaking of a Middle Class. Philadelphia, PA : Temple University Press.
9. DiPrete, Thomas. 1989 Industrial Restructuring and the Mobility of American Workers in the 1980's American Sociological Review 58 : 4 : 74 96.
10. Emslie, Carl, Ken Hunt Steven Macintyre. 1999 Gender or Job Differences: Working Conditions Amongst Men and Women in White Collar Occupations Work, Employment, and Society 13 : 4 : 711 729.
11. England, Paula, Karen Christopher Lori Reid. 1999 The Economic Progress of Mexicana and Puerto Rican Women In Irene Browne (ed. Latinas and African American Women at Work : pp. 139 182. New York : Russell Sage.
12. Farley, Reynolds. 2004. The American People. New York : Russell Sage.
13. Feagin, Joe Melvin Sikes. 1992. The Black Middle Class. New York : Routledge.
14. Fernandez, John. 1975. Racism and Sexism in White Corporations. New York : Wiley.
15. Fernandez, John. 1981. Black Managers in White Corporations. Lexington : Lexington Books.
16. Gittleman, Maury David Howell. 1995 Changes in the Structure and Quality of Jobs in the United States: Effects of Race and Gender, 1973-1990 Industrial and Labor Relations Review 48 : 4 : 420 440.
17. Hanisch, Ken. 1999 Job Loss and Unemployment Research from 1994 to 1998 Journal of Vocational Behavior 55 : 2 : 188 220.
18. Higginbotham, Elizabeth Lynn Weber. 1999 Perceptions of Workplace Discrimination Among Black and White Professional-Managerial Women In Irene Browne (ed. Latinas and African American Women at Work : pp. 327 356. New York : Russell Sage.
19. Hill, Martha. 1992. The Panel Study of Income Dynamics: A User's Guide. Newbury Park : Sage.
20. Hipple, Steven. 1999 Worker Displacement in the Mid-1990's Monthly Labor Review 22 : 4 : 15 32.
21. Hite, Larry. 2007 Hispanic Managers and Professionals: Reflections on Life and Work Gender Work and Organization 14 : 3 : 20 36.
22. Jackson, Michelle, John Goldthorpe Colin Mills. 2005 Education, Employers, and Class Mobility Research in Social Stratification and Mobility 23 : 3 33.
23. Jacobs, Jerry. 1989. Revolving Doors: Sex Segregation and Women's Careers. Palo Alto, CA : Stanford University Press.
24. Jaffee, David. 1986 The Political Economy of Job Loss in the U.S., 1970-1980 Social Problems 33 : 2 : 297 318.
25. Jaynes, Gerald Robin Williams. 1989. A Common Destiny: Blacks and American Society. Washington, DC : National Academy Press.
26. King, Mark. 1998 Are African Americans Losing Their Footholds in Better Jobs? Journal of Economic Issues 32 : 2 : 641 668.
27. Kluegel, James. 1978 The Causes and Cost of Racial Exclusion from Job Authority American Sociological Review 43 : 3 : 285 301.
28. Kluegel, James Lawrence Bobo. 2001 Perceived Group Discrimination and Policy Attitudes: The Sources and Consequences for the Race and Gender Gaps In Alice O'Connor, Chris Tilly Lawrence Bobo (eds. Urban Inequality: Evidence from Four Cities : pp. 163 216. New York : Russell Sage.
29. Lieberson, Stanley. 1980. A Piece of the Pie. Black and White Immigrants Since 1900. Berkeley, CA : University of California Press.
30. McBrier, Debra George Wilson. 2004 Going Down? Race and Downward Mobility in the 1990's Work and Occupations 31 : 1 : 283 322.
31. Mueller, Charles, Toby Parcel Kazuko Tanaka. 1989 Particularism in Authority Outcomes: The Case of Supervisors Social Science Research 32 : 4 : 1 20.
32. Mueller, Charles James Price. 1992 Employee Commitment: Resolving Some Issues Work and Occupations 19 : 2 : 211 236.
33. Mundra, Kenneth, Anthony Moellner William Loez-Aqueres. 1995 Investigating Hispanic Underrepresentation in Managerial and Professional Occupations Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 25 : 3 : 513 529.
34. Neumark, David. 2000. On the Job: Is Long-Term Employment A Thing of the Past? New York : Russell Sage.
35. Newman, Katherine. 1988. Falling from Grace: The Experience of Downward Mobility in the American Middle Class. Cambridge : Harvard University Press.
36. Parcel, Toby Charles Mueller. 1983. Ascription and Labor Markets. New York : Academic Press.
37. Park, Chan-ung. 2007 Gender in Academic Career Tracks Sociological Forum 22 : 4 : 452 473.
38. Parkin, Frank. 1970. Class Inequality and the Political Order. London : MacGibbon and Kee.
39. Pettigrew, Thomas. 1985 New Black-White Patterns: How Best to Conceptualize Them Annual Review of Sociology 9 : 1 23.
40. Pettigrew, Thomas Joanne Martin. 1987 Shaping the Organizational Context for Black American Inclusion Journal of Social Issues 43 : 6 : 41 78.
41. Reskin, Barbara. 2000 The Proximate Causes of Discrimination Contemporary Sociology 29 : 2 : 319 328.
42. Reskin, Barbara Irene Padovic. 1994. Women, Men, and Work. Thousand Oaks, CA : Pine Forge.
43. Reskin, Barbara Patricia Roos. 1990. Job Queues, Gender Queues: Explaining Women's Inroads into Male Occupations. Philadelphia, PA : Temple University Press.
44. Roscigno, Vincent. 2007a Social Closure and Processes of Race/Sex Employment Discrimination Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 609 : 1 : 16 48.
45. Roscigno, Vincent. 2007b. The Face of Discrimination: How Race and Gender Impact on Work and Homes Lives. New York : Rowman and Littlefield.
46. Setterston, Richard Karl Mayer. 1992 The Measurement of Age, Age Structuring, and the Life Course Annual Review of Sociology 23 : 233 261.
47. Smith, Brian Beth Rubin. 1997 From Displacement to Reemployment: Job Acquisition in the Flexible Economy Social Science Research 26 : 3 : 282 308.
48. Smith, Ryan. 2002 Race, Gender, and Authority in the Workplace Annual Review of Sociology 28 : 509 542.
49. Spalter-Roth, Roberta Cynthia Deitch. 1999 I Don't Feel Right Sized: I Feel Out Sized: Gender, Race, Ethnicity and the Unequal Costs of Displacement Work and Occupations 26 : 3 : 446 482.
50. Teachman, Jay. 1983 Analyzing Social Processes - Life Tables and Proportional Hazards Models Social Science Research 12 : 5 : 263 301.
51. Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald. 1993. Gender and Racial Inequality at Work. Ithaca, NY : ILR Press.
52. Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald Sheryl Skaggs. 1999 An Establishment-Level of the Statistical Discrimination Hypothesis Work and Occupations 26 : 3 : 422 445.
53. Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald Kevin Stainback. 2007 Discrimination and Desegregation: Equal Opportunity Progress in U.S. Private Sector Workplaces Since the Civil Rights Act Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 609 : 1 : 49 84.
54. Tomkiewitz, James Orlando Brenner. 1996 The Relationship Between Race (Hispanic) Stereotypes and Requisite Management Characteristics Journal of Social Behavior and Personality 11 : 2 : 511 520.
55. Weber, Max. 1968. Economy and Society. New York : Vantage Press.
56. Wilson, George. 1997 Pathways to Power: Racial Differences in the Determinants of Job Authority Social Problems 48 : 1 : 148 164.
57. Wilson, George Debra McBrier. 2005 Race and Loss of Privilege: African American/White Differences in the Determinants of Job Layoffs from Upper-Tier Occupations Sociological Forum 20 : 2 : 301 323.
58. Yaffee, James. 1995 Latina Managers in Employment - Perceptions of Organizational Discrimination Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 17 : 3 : 334 346.