Sequence variation in the α-toxin encoding plc gene of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from diseased and healthy chickens

Veterinary Microbiology

Volumn 136, Issue 3-4, 2009, Pages 293-299

  Abildgaard, Lone ^a,d   Engberg, Ricarda M ^a   Pedersen, Karl ^b,c   Schramm, Andreas ^d   Hojberg, Ole ^a  

^a DANISH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Denmark)

^b TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK   (Denmark)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^d AARHUS UNIVERSITY   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Toxin; C. perfringens; plc gene

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOXIN; PHOSPHOLIPASE C;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL GENE; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BACTERIUM ISOLATION; CHICKEN; CHOLESTATIC HEPATITIS; CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; GENETIC VARIABILITY; NECROTIZING ENTERITIS; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PULSED FIELD GEL ELECTROPHORESIS;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; BACTERIAL TOXINS; BASE SEQUENCE; CALCIUM-BINDING PROTEINS; CHICKENS; CLOSTRIDIUM INFECTIONS; CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS; ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; GENES, BACTERIAL; GENETIC VARIATION; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; POULTRY DISEASES; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA, BACTERIAL; TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES;

CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS; CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS A; GALLUS GALLUS;

EID: 64649098720     PISSN: 03781135     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.11.001     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Abildgaard, L., 2008. Development and application of molecular methods for monitoring Clostridium perfringens occurrence and α-toxin expression related to necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. Ph.D. thesis. University of Aarhus, Denmark.
2. Alape-Gíron A., Flores-Dias M., Guillouard G., Naylor C.E., Titball R.W., Rucavado A., Lomonte B., Basak A.K., Gutierrez J.M., Cole S.T., and Thelestam M. Identification of residues critical for toxicity in Clostridium perfringens phospholipase C, the key toxin in gas gangrene. FEBS J. 267 (2000) 5191-5197
3. Al-Khaldi S.F., Myers K.M., Rasooly A., and Chizhikov V. Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens toxins using multiple oligonucleotide microarray hybridization. Mol. Cell. Probes 18 (2004) 359-367
4. Al-Sheikhly F., and Truscott R.B. The pathology of necrotic enteritis of chickens following infusion of crude toxins of Clostridium perfringens into the duodenum. Avian Dis. 21 (1977) 241-255
5. Awad M.M., Bryant A.E., Stevens D.L., and Rood J.I. Virulence studies on chromosomal alpha-toxin and theta-toxin mutants constructed by allelic exchange provide genetic evidence for the essential role of alpha toxin in Clostridium perfringens mediated gas gangrene. Mol. Microbiol. 15 (1995) 191-202
6. Banu S., Ohtani K., Yaguchi H., Swe T., Cole S.T., Hayashi H., and Shimizu T. Identification of novel VirR/VirS-regulated genes in Clostridium perfringens. Mol. Microbiol. 35 (2000) 854-864
7. Ba-Thein W., Lyristis M., Ohtani K., Nisbet I.T., Hayashi H., Rood J.I., and Shimizu T. The virR/virS locus regulates the transcription of genes encoding extracellular toxin production in Clostridium perfringens. J. Bacteriol. 178 (1996) 2514-2520
8. Barbara A., Trinh H.T., Glock R.D., and Songer J.G. Necrotic enteritis-producing strains of Clostridium perfringens displace non-necrotic enteritis strains from the gut of chicks. Vet. Microbiol. 126 (2008) 377-382
9. Clark G.C., Briggs D.C., Karasawa T., Wang X., Cole A.R., Maegawa T., Jayasekera P.N., Naylor C.E., Miller J., and Moss D.S. Clostridium absonum alpha-toxin: new insights into clostridial phospholipase C substrate binding and specificity. J. Mol. Biol. 333 (2003) 759-769
10. Cooper K.K., Trinh H.T., and Songer J.G. Immunization with recombinant alpha toxin partially protects broiler chicks against experimental challenge with Clostridium perfringens. Vet. Microbiol. 133 (2009) 92-97
11. Engström B.E., Fermér C., Lindberg A., Saarinen E., Båverud V., and Gunnarsson A. Molecular typing of isolates of Clostridium perfringens from healthy and diseased poultry. Vet. Microbiol. 94 (2003) 225-235
12. Fernandez-Miyakawa M.E., Marcellino R., and Uzal F.A. Clostridium perfringens type A toxin production in 3 commonly used culture media. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 19 (2007) 184-186
13. Fisher D.J., Fernandez-Miyakawa M.E., Sayeed S., Poon R., Adams V., Rood J.I., Uzal F.A., and McClane B.A. Dissecting the contributions of Clostridium perfringens type C toxins to lethality in the mouse intravenous injection model. Infect. Immun. 74 (2006) 5200-5210
14. Fukata T., Hadate Y., Baba E., Uemura T., and Arakawa A. Influence of Clostridium perfringens and its toxin in germ-free chickens. Res. Vet. Sci. 44 (1988) 68-70
15. Gholamiandekhordi A.R., Ducatelle R., Heyndrickx M., Haesebrouck F., and Van Immerseel F. Molecular and phenotypical characterization of Clostridium perfringens isolates from poultry flocks with different disease status. Vet. Microbiol. 113 (2006) 143-152
16. Hall T.A. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids. Symp. Ser. 41 (1999) 95-98
17. Hough E., Hansen L.K., Birknes B., Jynge K., Hansen S., Hordvik A., Little C., Dodson E., and Zygmunt D. High resolution (1.5A) crystal structure of phopholipase C from Bacillus cereus. Nature 338 (1989) 357-360
18. Justin N., Walker N., Bullifent H., Songer G., Bueschel D.M., Jost H., Naylor C., Miller J., Moss D.S., Titball R.W., and Basak A.K. The first strain of Clostridium perfringens isolated from an avian source has an alpha-toxin with divergent structural and kinetic properties. Biochemistry 41 (2002) 6253-6262
19. Kaldhusdal M., and Hofshagen M. Barley inclusion and avoparcin supplementation in broiler diets. 2. Clinical, pathological, and bacteriological findings in a mild form of necrotic enteritis. Poult. Sci. 71 (1992) 1145-1153
20. Keyburn A.L., Sheedy S.A., Ford M.E., Williamson M.M., Awad M.M., Rood J.I., and Moore J. Alpha-toxin of Clostridium perfringens is not an essential virulence factor in necrotic enteritis in chickens. Infect. Immun. 74 (2006) 6496-6500
21. Keyburn A.L., Boyce J.D., Vaz P., Bannam T.L., Ford M.E., Parker D., Di Rubbo A., Rood J.I., and Moore R.J. NetB, a new toxin that is associated with avian necrotic enteritis caused by Clostridium perfringens. PLOS Pathogens 4 (2008) e26
22. Kulkarni R.R., Parreira V.R., Sharif S., and Prescott J.F. Immunization of broiler chickens against Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis. Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 14 (2007) 1070-1077
23. Kulkarni R.R., Parreira V.R.S., Sharif S., and Prescott J.F. Oral immunization of broiler chickens against necrotic enteritis with an attenuated Salmonella vaccine vector expressing Clostridium perfringens antigens. Vaccine 26 (2008) 4194-4203
24. Ma M., Ohtani K., Shimizu T., and Misawa N. Detection of a group II intron without an open reading frame in the alpha-toxin gene of Clostridium perfringens isolated from a broiler chicken. J. Bacteriol. 189 (2007) 1633-1640
25. Mahony D.E., and Moore T.I. Stable L-forms of Clostridium perfringens and their growth on glass surfaces. Can. J. Microbiol. 22 (1976) 953-959
26. Meer R.R., and Songer J.G. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for genotyping Clostridium perfringens. Am. J. Vet. Res. 58 (1997) 702-705
27. Moreau H., Pieroni G., Jolivet-Reynaud C., Alouf J.E., and Verger R. A new kinetic approach for studying phospholipase C (Clostridium perfringens α-toxin) activity on phospholipid monolayers. Biochemistry 27 (1988) 2319-2323
28. Nagahama M., Michiue K., Mukai M., Ochi S., and Sakurai J. Mechanism of membrane damage by Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin. Microbiol. Immunol. 42 (1998) 533-538
29. Nagahama M., Otsuka A., and Sakurai J. Role of tyrosine-57 and -65 in membrane-damaging and sphingomyelinase activities of Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1762 (2006) 110-114
30. Nauerby B., Pedersen K., and Madsen M. Analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of the genetic diversity among Clostridium perfringens isolates from chickens. Vet. Microbiol. 94 (2003) 257-266
31. Naylor C.E., Eaton J.T., Howells A., Justin N., Moss D.S., Titball R.W., and Basak A.K. Structure of the key toxin in gas gangrene. Nat. Struct. Biol. 5 (1998) 738-746
32. Olkowski A.A., Wojnarowicz C., Chirino-Trejo M., Laarveld B., and Sawicki G. Sub-clinical necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens: novel etiological considerations based on ultra-structural and molecular changes in the intestinal tissue. Res. Vet. Sci. 85 (2008) 543-553
33. Saint-Joanis B., Garnier T., and Cole S.T. Gene cloning shows the alpha-toxin of Clostridium perfringens to contain both sphingomyelinase and lecithinase activities. Mol. Gen. Genet. 219 (1989) 453-460
34. Sayeed S., Fernandez-Miyakawa M.E., Fisher D.J., Adams V., Poon R., Rood J.I., Uzal F.A., and McClane B.A. Epsilon-toxin is required for most Clostridium perfringens type D vegetative culture supernatants to cause lethality in the mouse intravenous injection model. Infect. Immun. 73 (2005) 7413-7421
35. Sheedy S.A., Ingham A.B., Rood J.I., and Moore R.J. Highly conserved alpha-toxin sequences of avian isolates of Clostridium perfringens. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42 (2004) 1345-1347
36. Shimizu T., Ohtani K., Hirakawa H., Ohshima K., Yamashita A., Shiba T., Ogasawara N., Hattori M., Kuhara S., and Hayashi H. Complete genome sequence of Clostridium perfringens, an anaerobic flesh-eater. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 99 (2002) 996-1001
37. Skånseng B., Kaldhusdal M., and Rudi K. Comparison of chicken gut colonisation by the pathogens Campylobacter jejuni and Clostridium perfringens by real-time quantitative PCR. Mol. Cell. Probes 20 (2006) 269-279
38. Thompson D.R., Parreira V.R., Kulkarni R.R., and Prescott J.F. Live attenuated vaccine-based control of necrotic enteritis of broiler chickens. Vet. Microbiol. 113 (2006) 25-34
39. Timbermont L., Lanckriet A., Gholamiandehkordi A.R., Pasmans F., Martel A., Haesebrouck F., Ducatelle R., and Van Immerseel F. Origin of Clostridium perfringens isolates determines the ability to induce necrotic enteritis in broilers. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. (2008) 10.1016/j.cimid.2008.07.001
40. Titball R.W., Leslie D.L., Harvey S., and Kelly D. Hemolytic and sphingomyelinase activities of Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin are dependent on a domain homologous to that of an enzyme from the human arachidonic acid pathway. Infect. Immun. 59 (1991) 1872-1874
41. Titball R.W., Fearn A.M., and Williamson E.D. Biochemical and immunological properties of the C-terminal domain of the alpha-toxin of Clostridium perfringens. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 110 (1993) 45-50
42. Titball R.W. Bacterial phospholipases C. Microbiol. Rev. 57 (1993) 347-366
43. Titball R.W., and Basak A.K. The bacterial zinc-metallophospholipases C. J. Toxicol. Toxin Rev. 23 (2004) 509-554
44. Wages D.P., and Opengart K. Necrotic enteritis. In: Saif Y.M. (Ed). Diseases of Poultry. 11th ed. (2003), Iowa State Press, Ames, IA, USA 781-785
45. Williamson E.D., and Titball R.W. A genetically engineered vaccine against the alpha-toxin of Clostridium perfringens protects mice against experimental gas gangrene. Vaccine 11 (1993) 1253-1258