Measuring appetitive responding with the postauricular reflex

Psychophysiology

Volumn 46, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 491-497

  Sandt, Arthur R ^b   Sloan, Denise M ^a,c   Johnson, Kareem J ^b  

^a VA BOSTON HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^b TEMPLE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

EMG; Emotion; Motivation; Normal volunteers; Startle blink

Indexed keywords

ACOUSTIC REFLEX; ADULT; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EMOTION; EYELID REFLEX; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; MOTIVATION; NORMAL HUMAN; POSTAURICULAR REFLEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STARTLE REFLEX; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; VOLUNTEER;

EID: 64549110286     PISSN: 00485772     EISSN: 14698986     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00797.x     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Allen, N. B., Trinder, J. Brennan, C. (1999). Affective startle modulation in clinical depression: Preliminary findings. Biological Psychiatry, 46, 542 550.
2. Benning, S. D., Patrick, C. J. Lang, A. R. (2004). Emotional modulation of the post-auricular reflex. Psychophysiology, 41, 426 432.
3. Bernat, E., Patrick, C. J., Benning, S. D. Tellegen, A. (2006). Effects of picture content and intensity on affective physiological response. Psychophysiology, 43, 93 103.
4. Blumenthal, T. D., Cuthbert, B. N., Filion, D. L., Hackley, S., Lipp, O. V. van Boxtel, A. (2005). Committee report: Guidelines for human startle eyeblink electromyographic studies. Psychophysiology, 42, 1 15.
5. Bradley, M. M., Codispoti, M., Cuthbert, B. N. Lang, P. J. (2001). Emotion and motivation I: Defensive and appetitive reactions in picture processing. Emotion, 1, 276 298.
6. Bradley, M. M. Lang, P. J. (1994). Measuring emotion: The Self-Assessment Manikin and the semantic differential. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 25, 49 59.
7. Cacioppo, J. T., Gardner, W. L. Berntson, G. G. (1999). The affect system has parallel and integrative processing components: Form follows function. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 839 855.
8. Cassella, J. V. Davis, M. (1986). Habituation, prepulse inhibition, fear conditioning, and drug modulation of the acoustically elicited pinna reflex in rats. Behavioral Neuroscience, 100, 39 44.
9. Davis, M. (2006). Neural systems involved in fear and anxiety measured with fear-potentiated startle. American Psychologist, 61, 741 756.
10. Davis, M., Walker, D. L. Lee, Y. (1999). Neurophysiology and neuropharmacology of startle and its affective modulation. In M. E. Dawson, M. E. Schell A. H. Bohmelt (Eds.), Startle modification: Implications for neuroscience, cognitive science, and clinical science (pp. 95 117). New York : Cambridge University Press.
11. Drobes, D. J., Miller, E. J., Hillman, C. H., Bradley, M. M., Cuthbert, B. N. Lang, P. J. (2001). Food deprivation and emotional reactions to food cues: Implications for eating disorders. Biological Psychology, 57, 153 177.
12. Gray, H. (1901/1995). Anatomy: Descriptive and surgical (15th ed.). New York : Barnes and Noble Books, Inc.
13. Grillon, C. Baas, J. (2003). A review of the modulation of the startle reflex by affective states and its application in psychiatry. Clinical Neurophysiology, 114, 1557 1579.
14. Hackley, S. A. (1993). An evaluation of the automaticity of sensory processing using event-related potentials and brain-stem reflexes. Psychophysiology, 30, 415 428.
15. Hackley, S. A., Woldorff, M. Hillyard, S. A. (1987). Combined use of microreflexes and event-related brain potentials as measures of auditory selective attention. Psychophysiology, 24, 632 647.
16. Hawk, L. W., Jr. Kowmas, A. D. (2003). Affective modulation and prepulse inhibition of startle among undergraduates high and low in behavioral inhibition and approach. Psychophysiology, 40, 131 138.
17. Helton, D. R., Tizzano, J. P., Monn, J. A., Schoepp, D. D. Kallman, M. J. (1998). Anxiolytic and side-effect profile of LY354740: A potent, highly selective, orally active agonist for group II metabotropic glutamate receptors. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 284, 651 660.
18. Hess, U., Sabourin, G. Kleck, R. E. (2007). Postauricular and eyeblink startle responses to facial expressions. Psychophysiology, 44, 431 435.
19. Lang, P. J. (1995). The emotion probe: Studies of motivation and attention. American Psychologist, 50, 372 385.
20. Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M. Cuthbert, B. N. (1990). Emotion, attention, and the startle reflex. Psychological Review, 97, 377 395.
21. Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M. Cuthbert, B. N. (1992). A motivational analysis of emotion: Reflex-cortex connections. Psychological Science, 3, 44 49.
22. Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M. Cuthbert, B. N. (2005). International affective picture system (IAPS): Affective ratings of pictures and instructional manual. Technical Report A-6. Gainesville, FL : University of Florida.
23. Li, L. Frost, B. J. (1996). Azimuthal sensitivity of rat pinna reflex: EMG recordings from cervicoauricular muscles. Hearing Research, 100, 192 200.
24. Schmid, A., Koch, M. Schnitzler, H.-U. (1995). Conditioned pleasure attenuates the startle response in rats. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 64, 1 3.
25. Tizzano, J. P., Griffey, K. I. Schoepp, D. D. (2002). The anxiolytic action of mGlu2/3 receptor agonist, LY354740, in the fear-potentiated startle model in rats is mechanistically distinct from diazepam. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 73, 367 374.
26. Võ, M. L.-H., Jacobs, A. M., Kuchinke, L., Hofmann, M., Conrad, M., Schacht, A., et al 2008). The coupling of emotion and cognition in the eye: Introducing the pupil old/new effect. Psychophysiology, 45, 130 140.
27. Vrana, S. R., Spence, E. L. Lang, P. J. (1988). The startle probe response: A new measure of emotion? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 487 491.
28. Waraczynski, M. Perkins, M. (2000). Temporary inactivation of the retrorubral fields decreases the rewarding effect of medial forebrain bundle stimulation. Brain Research, 885, 154 165.
29. Yartz, A. R. Hawk, L. W., Jr. (2002). Addressing the specificity of affective startle modulation: Fear versus disgust. Biological Psychology, 59, 55 68.