Self-esteem in children with attention and/or learning deficits: The importance of gender

Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics

Volumn 97, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 1125-1130

  Ek, Ulla ^a   Westerlund, Joakim ^a   Holmberg, Kirsten ^b   Fernell, Elisabeth ^b  

^a STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

ADHD; Attention spectrum disorders; Gender; Learning problems; Self esteem

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BODY IMAGE; CHILD; CHILD PARENT RELATION; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMPULSIVENESS; LEARNING DISORDER; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL HEALTH; MENTAL INSTABILITY; PEER GROUP; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; RESTLESSNESS; SCHOOL CHILD; SELF ESTEEM; SEX DIFFERENCE; SWEDEN; ADOLESCENT; COGNITIVE DEFECT; HOSPITALIZATION; IMPULSE CONTROL DISORDER; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SELF CONCEPT;

ADOLESCENT; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CHILD; COGNITION DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMPULSE CONTROL DISORDERS; LEARNING DISORDERS; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; SELF CONCEPT; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SEX FACTORS;

EID: 63849295643     PISSN: 08035253     EISSN: 16512227     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.00894.x     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. James W. Principles of psychology. New York, Holt, 1890.
2. Rosenberg M. Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965.
3. Harter S, Whitesell NR. Beyond the debate: why some adolescents report stable self-worth over time and situation, whereas others report changes in self-worth. J Pers 2003; 71: 1027-58.
4. Wheeler J, Carlsson CL. The social functioning of children with ADD with hyperactivity and ADD without hyperactivity: a comparison of their peer relations and social deficits. J Emot Behav Dis 1994; 2: 2-13.
5. Hoza B, Gerdes A, Arnold E, Molina B, Epstein J, Hechtman L, et al. Self-perceptions of competence in children with ADHD and comparison children. J Consult Clin Psychol 2004; 3: 382-91.
6. Kruger J, Dunning D. Unskilled and unaware of it: how difficulties in recognizing one's own incompetence lead to inflated self-assessment. J Pers Soc Psychol 1999; 77: 1121-34.
7. Barber S, Grubbs L, Cottrell B. Self perceptions in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Ped Nurs 2005; 4: 235-45.
8. Edbom T, Lichtenstein P, Granlund M, Larsson JO. Long-term relationships between symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and self-esteem in a prospective longitudinal study of twins. Acta Paediatr 2006; 95: 650-57.
9. Ouvinen-Birgerstam P. "Jag Tycker Jag Är" (I Think I Am). Stockholm, Psykologiförlaget, 1985, 1999.
10. Klimkeit E, Graham C, Lee P, Morling M, Russo D, Tonge B. Children should be seen and heard. J Att Dis 2006; 2: 181-91.
11. Bierman KL. Cognitive development and clinical interviews with children. In Lahey BB, Kazdin AE, editors. Advances in clinical child psychology, Vol. 6. New York, Plenum, 1983; 217-50.
12. Ek U, Holmberg K, de Geer L, Sward C, Fernell E. Behavioural and learning problems in schoolchildren related to cognitive test data. Acta Paediatr 2004; 93: 976-81.
13. Ek U, Fernell E, Westerlund J, Holmberg K, Olsson PO, Gillberg C. Cognitive strengths and deficits in children with ADHD. Acta Paediatr 2007; 96: 756-61.
14. Holmberg K, Hjern A. Health complaints in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Acta Paediatr 2006; 95: 664-70.
15. Conners CK. A teacher rating scale for use in drug studies with children. Am J Psychiatr 1969; 126: 884-88.
16. Parker JDA, Sitarenios G, Conners CK. Abbreviated Conners' rating scales revisited: a confirmatory factor analytic study. Att Dis 1996; 1: 55-62.
17. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 1994.
18. Wechsler D. Wechsler Intelligence scale for children, 3rd ed. Revised. New York, Psychological Corporation, 1999.
19. AAP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders for primary care. Washington, DC, American Academy of Pediatrics, 1997.
20. Reichenberg K, Broberg AG. Children with asthma. Few adjustment problems are related to high perceived parental capacity and family cohesion. Nord J Psychiatr 2005; 59: 13-8.
21. Wadsby M, Svedin CG, Sydsjo G. Children of mothers at psychosocial risk growing up: a follow up at the age of 16. J Adolesc 2007; 30: 147-64.
22. Tideman E, Ley D, Bjerre I, Forslund M. Longitudinal follow-up of children born preterm: somatic and mental health, self-esteem and quality of life at age 19. Early Hum Devel 2001; 61: 97-110.
23. Cabral P. Attention deficit disorders: are we barking up the wrong tree? Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2006; 10: 66-77.
24. Quinn P, Wigal S. Perceptions of girls and ADHD: results from a national survey. Med Gen Med 2004; 6: 2.
25. Gaub M, Carlson CL. Gender differences in ADHD: a meta-analysis and critical review. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 1997; 36: 1036-45.
26. Berry CA, Shaywitz SE, Shaywitz BA. Girls with attention deficit disorder: a silent minority? A report on behavioural and cognitive characteristics. Pediatrics 1985; 76: 801-9.
27. Keenan K, Shaw D. Developmental and social influences on young girls' early problem behaviour. Psychol Bull 1997; 121: 95-113.
28. Eisenberg D, Schneider H. Perceptions of academic skills of children diagnosed with ADHD. J Att Dis 2007; 10: 390-7.
29. Greene RW, Ablon JS, Goring JC, Raezer-Blakely L, Markey J, Monuteaux MC, et al. Effectiveness of collaborative problem solving in affectively dysregulated children with oppositional-defiant disorder: initial findings. J Consult Clin Psychol 2004; 72: 1157-64.
30. Biederman J, Monutuex MC, Mick E, Spencer T, Wilens T, Klein K, et al. Psychopathology in females with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a controlled, five-year prospective study. Biol Psychiatr 2006; 60: 1098-105.
31. Hinshaw SP, Carte ET, Fan C, Jassy JS, Owens EB. Neuropsychological functioning of girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder followed prospectively into adolescence: evidence for continuing deficits? Neuropsychol 2007; 21: 263-73.
32. Biederman J, Faraone SV, Mick E, Williamson S, Wilens TE, Spencer TJ, et al. Clinical correlates of ADHD in females: findings from a large group of girls ascertained from pediatric and psychiatric referral sources. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 1999; 38: 966-75.
33. Biederman J, Faraone SV, Monuteaux MC, Bober M, Cadogen E. Gender effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults, revisited. Biol Psychiatr 2004; 55: 692-700.