More police, less crime: Evidence from US state data

International Review of Law and Economics

Volumn 29, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 73-80

  Lin, Ming Jen ^a  

^a NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Crime; Instrumental variables; Police; State tax rates

Indexed keywords

EID: 63749100104     PISSN: 01448188     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.irle.2008.12.003     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. Bahl R., and Duncombe W. State and local government finance: Was there a structural break in the Reagan years?. Growth and Change 19 4 (1988) 30-48
2. Becker G. Crime and punishment: An economic approach. Journal of Political Economy 76 2 (1968) 169-217
3. In: Blumstein A., and Nagin D. (Eds). Deterrence and incapacitation: Estimating the effects of criminal sanctions on crime rates (1978), National Academy of Science, Washington, DC
4. Bound J., Jaeger D., and Baker R.M. Problems with instrumental variables estimation when the correlation between the instruments and the endogenous explanatory variable is weak. Journal of the American Statistical Association 90 430 (1995) 443-450
5. Burns J. State and local politics: Government by the people. 7th ed. (1993), Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
6. Cameron S. The economics of crime deterrence: A survey of theory and evidence. Kyklos 41 (1988) 301-323
7. Chamlin M., and Langworthy R. Police, crime and economic theory: A replication and extension. American Journal of Criminal Justice 20 (1996) 165-182
8. Coleman M. The finances of public safety (1997), Western City, CA
9. Corman H., and Naci Mocan H. A time-series analysis of crime and drug use in New York City. American Economic Review 90 4 (2000) 584-604
10. Cornwell C., and Trumbull N.W. Estimating the economic model of crime with panel data. Review of Economics and Statistics 72 (1994) 360-366
11. Eck J., and Maguire E. Have changes in policing reduced violent crime?: An assessment of the evidence. In: Blumstein A., and Wallman J. (Eds). The crime drop in America (2000), Cambridge University Press, New York
12. Ehrlich I. Crime, punishment and the market for offenses. Journal of Economic Perspective 10 (1996) 43-68
13. Fisher F., and Nagin D. On the feasibility of identifying the crime function in a simultaneous equations model of crime and sanctions. In: Blumstein A., and Nagin D. (Eds). Deterrence and incapacitation: Estimating the effects of criminal sanctions on crime rates (1978), National Academy of Science, Washington, DC
14. Fisher R. State and local government finance. 2nd ed. (1996), Irwin Allen, New York
15. Freeman R. The economics of crime. In: Ashenfelter O., and Card D. (Eds). Handbook of labor economics vol. 3A (1999), Elsevier, Amsterdam
16. Greenberg D., Kessler R., and Loftin C. The effect of police employment on crime. Criminology 21 (1983) 375-394
17. Holtz-Eakin D., Newey W., and Rosen H. The revenue-expenditure nexus: Evidence from local government data. International Economic Review 30 May (2) (1989) 415-429
18. Kaplow L., and Shavell S. Economic analysis and the law. In: Auerbach A., and Feldstein M. (Eds). Handbook of public economics vol. 3 (2002), Elsevier, Amsterdam
19. Kelly M. Inequality and crime. Review of Economics and Statistics 82 4 (2000) 530-539
20. Koenker R., and Bassett G. Regression quantiles. Econometrica 46 (1978) 33-50
21. Levin J. For whom the reduction count: A quantile regression analysis of class size effect and peer effect on scholastic achievement. Empirical Economics 26 (2001) 221-246
22. Levitt S.D. The effects of prison population size on crime rates: Evidence from prison overcrowding litigation. Quarterly Journal of Economics 111 (1996) 319-352
23. Levitt S.D. Using electoral cycles in police hiring to estimate the effects of police on crime. American Economic Review 47 (1997) 270-291
24. Levitt S.D. Deterrence. In: Wilson J., and Petersilia J. (Eds). Crime: Public policies for crime control (2002), ICS Press, Oakland, CA
25. Levitt S.D. Using electoral cycles in police hiring to estimate the effects of police on crime: Reply. American Economic Review 92 4 (2002) 1244-1250
26. Levitt S.D., Katz L., and Shustorovich E. Prison death rates, capital punishment and deterrence. American Law and Economics Review 5 (2003) 318-343
27. Levitt S.D., and Miles T. Empirical study of criminal punishment. In: Mitchell Polinsky A., and Steven Shavell (Eds). The handbook of law and economics (I) (2007), Elsevier, North Holland 455-495
28. Lott Jr. J.R., and Mustard D.B. Crime, deterrence and the right-to-carry concealed handguns. Journal of Legal Studies 26 1 (1997) 1-68
29. Lundman, R. (1997). Police levels and crime: Additional evidence. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Criminology, San Diego, CA.
30. McCrary J. Using electoral cycles in police hiring to estimate the effects of police on crime: Comment. American Economic Review 92 4 (2002) 1236-1243
31. Martin D. Running city hall: Municipal administration in America (1990), University of Alabama Press, Alabama
32. Marvell T.B., and Moody C.E. Specification problems, police levels and crime rates. Criminology 34 4 (1996) 609-646
33. Mustard D. Re-examining criminal behavior: The importance of omitted variable bias. Review of Economics and Statistics 85 1 (2003) 205-211
34. Nagin D. Deterrence and incapacitation. In: Tonry M. (Ed). The handbook of crime and punishment (1998), Oxford University Press, New York 345-368
35. Staiger D., and Stock J. Instrumental variables regression with weak instruments. Econometrica 65 3 (1997) 557-586
36. Stock J., and Watson M. Introduction to economics. 2nd ed. (2007), Addison Wesley
37. Tennessee Municipal League (2000). Legislative Bulletin. 12th May 2000.
38. In: Wilson J., and Petersilia J. (Eds). Crime: Public policies for crime control (2002), ICS Press, Oakland, CA