Use of cost-effectiveness analysis in health-care resource allocation decision-making: How are cost-effectiveness thresholds expected to emerge?

Value in Health

Volumn 7, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 518-528

  Eichler, Hans Georg ^a,b   Kong, Sheldon X ^b   Gerth, William C ^b   Mavros, Panagiotis ^b   Jönsson, Bengt ^c  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

^b MERCK RESEARCH LABORATORIES   (United States)

^c STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Cost effectiveness; Decision making; Efficiency; Health care; Health economics; Thresholds

Indexed keywords

ANALYTIC METHOD; BUDGET; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DRUG INDUSTRY; ECONOMIC ASPECT; GOVERNMENT; HEALTH CARE; HEALTH CARE AVAILABILITY; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE FINANCING; HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HEALTH CARE SYSTEM; HEALTH PROGRAM; HEALTH SERVICE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; INCOME; LIFE EXPECTANCY; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; MEDICAL INFORMATION; METHODOLOGY; POPULATION RESEARCH; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS; QUALITY CONTROL; QUALITY OF LIFE; REIMBURSEMENT; RESOURCE ALLOCATION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; REVIEW; SOCIAL ASPECT;

EID: 6344260475     PISSN: 10983015     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2004.75003.x     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Ikegami N, Drummond M, Fukuhara S, et al. Why has the use of health economic evaluation in Japan lagged behind that in other developed countries? Pharmacoeconomics 2002;20(Suppl 2):S1-7.
2. Pritchard C. Overseas approaches to decision making. In: Towse A, Pritchard C, Devlin N, eds., Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds. Economic and Ethical Issues. London: King's Fund and Office of Health Economics, 2002.
3. Weinstein M, Zeckhauser R. Critical ratios and efficient allocation. J Public Econ 1973;2:147-57.
4. Torrance GW, Siegel JE, Luce BR. Framing and designing the cost-effectiveness analysis. In: Gold MR, Siegel JE, Russell LB, Weinstein MC, eds., Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
5. Gold MR, Siegel JE, Russell LB, Weinstein MC, eds., Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
6. Anell A, Norinder A. Health outcome measures used in cost-effectiveness studies: a review of original articles published between 1986 and 1996. Health Policy 2000;51:87-99.
7. Weinstein MC, Siegel JE, Gold MR, et al. Recommendations of the panel on cost-effectiveness in health and medicine. JAMA 1996;276:1253-8.
8. Advertisement: NHS R & D Research Methodology Programme and the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE): RM03/JH12: The societal value of health gains. Available from: http://www.publichealth.bham.ac.uk/nccrm/ invitations_to_tender.htm [Last accessed February 8, 2004].
9. Raisch DW. Understanding quality-adjusted life years and their application to pharmacoeconomic research. Ann Pharmacother 2000;34:906-14.
10. Melse JM, Essink-Bot ML, Kramers PGN, Hoeymans N. A national burden of disease calculation: Dutch disability-adjusted life years. Am J Public Health 2000;90:1241-7.
11. Williams A. Calculating the global burden of disease: time for a strategic reappraisal. Health Econ 1999;8:1-8.
12. Tengs TO, Adams ME, Pliskin JS, et al. Five-hundred life-saving interventions and their cost-effectiveness. Risk Anal 1995;15:369-90.
13. George B, Harris A, Mitchell A. Cost-effectiveness analysis and the consistency of decision making. Evidence from pharmaceutical reimbursement in Australia (1991-1996). Pharmacoeconomics 2001;19:1103-9.
14. Johannesson M, Jonsson B, Karlsson G. Outcome measurement in economic evaluation. Health Econ 1996;5:279-96.
15. Coast J. Who wants to know if their care is rationed? Views of citizens and service informants. Health Expect 2001;4:243-52.
16. Ham C. Retracing the Oregon trail: the experience of rationing and the Oregon health plan. BMJ 1998;316:1965-9.
17. Lees A, Scott N, Scott SN, et al. Deciding how NHS money is spent: a survey of general public and medical views. Health Expect 2002;5:47-54.
18. Rosen P, Karlberg I. Opinions of Swedish citizens, health-care politicians, administrators and doctors on rationing and health-care financing. Health Expect 2002;5:148-55.
19. Zwart-van Rijkom JEF, Leufkens HGM, Busschbach JJV, et al. Differences in attitudes, knowledge and use of economic evaluations in decision-making in The Netherlands. The Dutch results from the EUROMET project. Pharmacoeconomics 2000;18:149-60.
20. Towse A, Pritchard C. Does NICE have a threshold? An external view. In: Towse A, Pritchard C, Devlin N, eds., Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds. Economic and Ethical Issues. London: King's Fund and Office of Health Economics, 2002.
21. Birch S, Gafni A. Changing the problem to fit the solution: Johannesson and Weinstein's (mis) application of economics to real world problems. J Health Econ 1993;12:469-76.
22. Sendi P, Al MJ. Revisiting the decision rule of cost-effectiveness analysis under certainty and uncertainty. Soc Sci Med 2003;57:969-74.
23. Gafni A, Birch S. Guidelines for the adoption of new technologies: a prescription for uncontrolled growth in expenditures and how to avoid the problem. Can Med Assoc J 1993;148:913-7.
24. Sendi PP, Briggs AH. Affordability and cost-effectiveness: decision-making on the cost-effectiveness plane. Health Econ 2001;10:675-80.
25. Karlsson G, Johannesson M. The decision rules of cost-effectiveness analysis. Pharmacoeconomics 1996;9:113-20.
26. Garber AM, Phleps CE. Economic foundations of cost-effectiveness analysis. J Health Econ 1997;16:1-31.
27. Laupacis A, Feeny D, Detsky AS, Tugwell PX. How attractive does a new technology have to be to warrant adoption and utilization? Tentative guidelines for using clinical and economic evaluations. Can Med Assoc J 1992;146:473-81.
28. WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. Macroeconomics and health: investing in health for economic development. Report of the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2001.
29. Stolk EA, Brouwer WBF, Busschbach JJV. Rationalising rationing: economic and other considerations in the debate about funding of Viagra. Health Policy 2002;59:53-63.
30. Johannesson M, O'Connor RM. Cost-utility analysis from a societal perspective. Health Policy 1997;39:241-53.
31. Russell LB, Gold MR, Siegel JE, et al. The role of cost-effectiveness analysis in health and medicine. JAMA 1996;276:1172-7.
32. Trueman P, Drummond M, Hutton J. Development guideline for budget impact analysis. Pharmacoeconomics 2001;19:609-21.
33. Nuijten MJ, Rutten F. Combining a budgetary-impact analysis and a cost-effectiveness analysis using decision-analytic modelling techniques. Pharmacoeconomics 2002;20:855-67.
34. Olsen JA, Richardson J. Production costs from health care: what should be included in cost-effectiveness analyses? Soc Sci Med 1999;49:17-26.
35. Johannesson M. The concept of cost in the economic evaluation of health care. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 1994;10:675-82.
36. Johannesson M, Meltzer D, O'Connor RM. Incorporating future costs in medical cost-effectiveness analysis: implications for the cost-effectiveness of the treatment of hypertension. Med Decis Making 1997;17:382-9.
37. New B. Defining a package of healthcare services the NHS is responsible for. The case for. BMJ 1997;314:503-5.
38. Sendi P, Gafni A, Birch S. Opportunity costs and uncertainty in the economic evaluation of health care interventions. Health Econ 2002;11:23-31.
39. O'Brien BJ, Gertsen K, Willan AR, Faulkner LA. Is there a kink in consumers' threshold value for cost-effectiveness in health care? Health Econ 2002;11:175-80.
40. Weinstein MC. From cost-effectiveness ratios to resource allocation: where to draw the line? In: Sloan FA, ed., Valuing Health Care: Costs, Benefits, and Effectiveness of Pharmaceuticals and Other Medical Technologies. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
41. Hirth RA, Chernew ME, Miller E, et al. Willingness to pay for a quality-adjusted life year: in search of a standard. Med Decis Making 2000;20:332-42.
42. Goldman L, Garber AM, Grover SA, Hlatky MA. Task force 6. Cost effectiveness of assessment and management of risk factors. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996;27:964-1047.
43. Newhouse JP. US and UK health economics: two disciplines separated by a common language? Health Econ 1998;7(Suppl):S79-92.
44. Johannesson M. At what coronary risk level is it cost-effective to initiate cholesterol lowering drug treatment in primary prevention? Eur Heart J 2001;22:919-25.
45. World Health Organization. World Health Report 2002. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2002.
46. Tengs TO, Wallace A. One thousand health-related quality-of-life estimates. Med Care 2000;38:583-637.
47. Murray CJL, Lopez AD. The Global Burden of Disease: A Comprehensive Assessment of Mortality and Disability from Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors in 1990 and Projected to 2020. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996.
48. Card WI, Mooney GH. What is the monetary value of a human life? BMJ 1977;2:1627-9.
49. Johannesson M, Meltzer D. Some reflections on cost-effectiveness analysis. Health Econ 1998;7:1-7.
50. Hutton J, Benedict A. (MEDTAP® International, London UK) Producing Health Benefits: Cost-Effectiveness of Health and Non-Health Interventions. Presented at Clinical Excellence: Annual Conference and Exhibition, December 3-5, 2002, Birmingham, UK.
51. Ramsberg JAK, Sjoberg L. The cost-effectiveness of lifesaving interventions in Sweden. Risk Anal 1997;17:467-78.
52. Viscusi WK, Aldy JE. The value of a statistical life: a critical review of market estimates throughout the world. Working paper 9487, National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2003. Last accessed at http://www.nber.org/papers/ w9487.
53. Loomes G. Valuing life years and QALYs: transferability and convertibility of values across the UK public sector. In: Towse A, Pritchard C, Devlin N, eds., Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds. Economic and Ethical Issues. London: King's Fund and Office of Health Economics, 2002.
54. Littlejohns P. Does NICE have a threshold? A response. In: Towse A, Pritchard C, Devlin N, eds., Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds. Economic and Ethical Issues. London: King's Fund and Office of Health Economics, 2002.
55. Gross ML. Ethics, policy, and rare genetic disorders: the case of Gaucher disease in Israel. Theor Med Bioeth 2002;23:151-70.
56. Lindholm L, Rosen M, Emmelin M. How many lives is equity worth? A proposal for equity adjusted years of life saved. J Epidemiol Community Health 1998;52:808-11.
57. Wagstaff A. QALYs and the equity-efficiency trade-off. J Health Econ 1991;10:21-41.
58. Schwappach DLB. Resource allocation, social values and the QALY: a review of the debate and empirical evidence. Health Expect 2002;5:210-22.
59. Government Committee on Choices in Health Care. Choices in Health Care. Zoetermeer: Ministry of Welfare, Health and Cultural Affairs, 1992.
60. Stolk E, Bussschbach J. Economics and ethics in health care. Where can they meet? In: Gastmans C, ed., Between Technology and Humanity. The Impact of Technology on Health Care Ethics. Leuven, Belgium: Leuven University Press, 2002.
61. Doyal L. Rationing within the NHS should be explicit. The case for. BMJ 1997;314:1114-18.
62. Klein R. Defining a package of healthcare services the NHS is responsible for. The case against. BMJ 1997;314:506-9.
63. Mcdonald R. Street-level bureaucrats? Heart disease, health economics and policy in a primary care group. Health Soc Care Community 2002;10:129-35.
64. Edmonds P, Glynn D, Oglialoro C. Access to important new medicines. European Business J 2000;12:146-57.
65. Anonymous. MS Treatment and NICE. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology. Postnote February 2002 Number 168. Available from: http://www.parliament.uk/post/home.htm.
66. Bosanquet N, Zarzecka A. Attitudes to health services 1983 to 1993. In: Harrison A, ed., Health Care UK 1994/95. London: King's Fund Policy Institute, 1995.