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The effect of azide compounds as oxidants is considered as follows. When 1-azidoadamantane was used, intermediate A was not converted into intermediate B because the bulky substituent retarded the attack of alcohol la to the positively charged phosphorus atom. On the other hand, intermediate A was not formed in the case of DPPA with electron-withdrawing groups because the basicity of an iminophosphorane is very low. In the case of TMSN3, since the Staudinger reaction rate with PhOPPh2 was very slow, an iminophosphorane was not formed efficiently. Thus, it is proven that alkyl azides such as ethyl azidoacetate or benzyl azide are a suitable oxidant
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a value such as benzenethiol or 4-methoxybenzenethiol was used. This indicates that the basicity of iminophosphorane is lower than that of phenoxide anion of intermediate A (Scheme 2). On the other hand, reaction of BtzSH with tertiary alcohol Ir gave the desired sulfide along with undesired olefins. Since the yield of the desired product obtained by using an azide is higher than that using a benzoquinone derivative, the reaction using an azide might suppress undesired side reactions such as competitive E2 elimination caused by the iminophosphorane while the reaction using a benzoquinone derivative might promote E2 elimination caused by the phenoxide anion. Thus, the reaction using an azide proceeds under milder conditions to afford the desired product in higher yield.
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