Youth bulges, busts, and doing business in violence-prone nations

Business and Politics

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2009, Pages

  Marcus, Alfred A ^a   Islam, Mazhar ^a   Moloney, John ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

Author keywords

Armed conflict; Demography; International business; Violence; Youth bulges; Youth busts

Indexed keywords

EID: 62649174266     PISSN: 13695258     EISSN: 14693569     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2202/1469-3569.1227     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Abadie, A. & Gardeazabal, J. 2003. "The Economic Cost of Conflict: A Case Study of the Basque Country." American Economic Review 93(1):113-32.
2. Abadie, A. 2006. "Poverty, Political Freedom, and the Roots of Terrorism." American Economic Review 96(2): 50-56.
3. Berman, J. 2000. "Boardrooms and Bombs: Strategies of Multinational Corporations in Conflict Areas." Harvard International Review 22(3): 28-32.
4. Berman, P. 2003. Terror and Liberalism. New York: Norton & Company.
5. Berrebi, C. & Klor, E. 2005. The Impact of Terrorism Across Industries: An Empirical Study. Discussion Paper No. 5360. London, U.K.: Centre for Economic Policy Research.
6. Berry, Heather. 2006. "Shareholder Valuation of Foreign Investment and Expansion." Strategic Management Journal 27 (12):1123-1140.
7. Blomberg, S., Hess, G. & Orphanides, A. 2004. The Macroeconomic Consequences of Terrorism. Working Paper 2004-2. Claremont, Calif.: McKenna College.
8. Campbell, A. 2002. Risk Analysis and Conflict Impact Assessment Tools for Multinational Corporations. Working Paper. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Country Indicators for Foreign Policy, Carleton University.
9. Choucri, N. 1974. Population Dynamics and International Violence. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
10. Choucri, N. 1984. Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Population and Conflict. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press.
11. China CSR 2008. Nokia China Focuses On Rural Children's Education (August 2008) http://www.chinacsr.com/en/2008/08/08/2760-nokia-china-focuses-on- ruralchildrenseducation/
12. Clark, E. & Tunaru, R. 2003. "Quantification of Political Risk with Multiple Dependent Sources." Journal of Economics and Finance 27(2): 125-135.
13. Clark, E. 1997. "Valuing Political Risk." Journal of International Money and Finance 16(3): 477-490.
14. Cosset, J.C. & Suret, J.M. 1995. "Political Risk and the Benefits of International Portfolio Diversification." Journal of International Business Studies 26(2):301-318.
15. CSIS (Center for Strategic and International Studies), 2004. The Transatlantic Dialogue on Terrorism. Working Paper. Center for Strategic and International Studies.
16. Day, G., & Schoemaker, P. 2000. "Avoiding the Pitfalls of Emerging Technologies." California Management Review 42(2): 8-33.
17. Dunning, J.H. 1988. Multinationals, Technology, Competitiveness. Boston: Unwin Hyman.
18. Dunning, J.H. 1993. Multinational Enterprises and Global Economy. Boston: Addison-Wesley.
19. Economist, 2000. Risky returns. May 20:85-88.
20. Enders, W. & Sandler, T. 2006. "Distribution of Transnational Terrorism Among Countries by Income Class and Geography after 9/11." International Studies Quarterly 50(2): 367-393.
21. Fearon, J. D. & Laitin, D. D. 2003. "Ethnicity, Insurgency and Civil War." American Political Science Review 97(1): 75-90.
22. Feuer, L. 1969. The Conflict of Generations. New York: Basic Books.
23. Fort, T. L. & Schipani, C. 2004. The Role of Business in Fostering Peaceful Societies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
24. Frey, B., Luechinger, S., & Stutzer, A. 2007. "Calculating Tragedy: Assessing the Costs of Terrorism." Journal of Economic Surveys 21(1): 1-24.
25. Ghemawat, P. 2003. "Semi-globalization and International Business Strategy." Journal of International Business Studies 34: 138-152.
26. Gleditsch, N. P., Wallensteen, P.,Ericksson, M., Sollenberg, M., Strand, H. 2002. "Armed Conflict 1946-2001: A New Dataset." Journal of Peace Research 39(5).
27. Globerman, S. & Shapiro, D. 2003. "Global Infrastructure and US Foreign Direct Investment." Journal of International Business Studies 34(1): 19-39.
28. Greenberg , J., Porteus, J., Simon, L., Pyszczynski, T., & Solomon, S., 1995. "Evidence of a Terror Management Function of Cultural Icons." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 21(11): 1221-1228.
29. Grosse, R. & Trevino. 1996. "Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: An Analysis by Country of Origin." Journal of International Business Studies 77 (1): 139-155.
30. Haber, S., Razo, A. & Maurer, N. 2004. The Politics of Property Rights: Political Instability, Credible Commitments, and Economic Growth in Mexico, 1878-1929. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
31. Hakimain, H. 2006. "From Demographic Transition to Fertility Boom and Bust: Iran in the 1980s and 1990s." Development and Change 37(3):571-597.
32. Hart, S. 2007. Capitalism at the Crossroads. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Wharton School Press.
33. Hart, D., Atkins, R., & Youniss. 2005. "Knowledge, Youth Bulges, and Rebellion." Psychological Science 16(8): 661-662.
34. Heinsohn, G. (2003). Soehne und weltmacht: Terror im Aufstieg unde Fall der Nationen, Zurich, Switzerland: Orell & Fuessli.
35. Henisz, W. 2000. "The Institutional Environment for Multinational Investment." Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 16(2), 334-364.
36. Henisz, W. Zelner B. 2002. Risk Management: A Strategic Perspective. Knowledge@Wharton, Research Center: Reginald H. Jones Center for Management Policy, Strategy and Organization.
37. Henisz, W. Macher, B 2004. "Firm- and Country-level Tradeoffs and Contingencies in the Evaluation of Foreign Investment: The Semiconductor Industry, 1994-2002." Organization Science 15(4): 537-554.
38. Hess, D., Rogovsky, N., Dunfee, T.W. 2002. "The Next Wave of Corporate Community Involvement: Corporate Social Initiatives." California Management Review 44(2):110-125.
39. Hudson, R. 1999. The Sociology and Psychology of Terrorism: Who Becomes a Terrorist and Why? Federal Research Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
40. Huntington, S. 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. New York: Touchstone.
41. Iankova, E. & Katz, J. 2003. "Strategies for Political Risk Mediation by International Firms in Transition Economies: The Case of Bulgaria." Journal of World Business 38(2003):182-203.
42. Jackson, R. & Strauss, R. 2007. The Geopolitics of World Population Change, CSIS Commentary, Washington, D.C., July 10.
43. Jensen, N. & Young, D. 2006. Investment Risk: What Makes Developing World Countries Prone to Violence? Working Paper. St. Louis, Missouri: Washington University.
44. Kahl, C. 2002. "Demographic Change, Natural Resources and Violence: The Current Debate." Journal of Internal Affairs 56(1):257-282.
45. Kahl, C. 2006. States, Scarcity, and Civil Strife in the Developing World. Princeton: Princeton University Press:
46. Kapstein, E. B. 2001. "The Corporate Ethics Crusade." Foreign Affairs. September/October.
47. Kapstein, E. B. 2002. Virtuous Circles? Human Capital Formation, Economic Development and the Multinational Enterprise. Working Papers 191. OECD Development Centre.
48. Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart and Mastruzzi, Massimo, Governance Matters VII: Aggregate and Individual Governance Indicators, 1996-2007(June 24, 2008). Working Paper 4654. Washington, D.C: World Bank Policy Research.
49. Kelman, S. 2005. "Public Management Needs Help!" Academy of Management Journal 48 (6): 967-969.
50. Kenan, G. 1951. American Diplomacy 1900-1950. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press.
51. King, G. & Zeng, L. 2001. "Improving Forecasts of State Failure." World Politics 53(4):623-658.
52. Kobrin, S. J. 1979. "Political Risk: A Review and Reconsideration." Journal of International Business Studies 10(1):67-80.
53. Kobrin, S. J. 1991. "An Empirical Analysis of the Determinants of Global Integration." Strategic Management Journal 12(Special Issue: Global Strategy): 17-31.
54. Kostova, T. & Zaheer, S. 1999. "Organizational Legitimacy Under Conditions of Complexity: The Case of the Multinational Enterprise." Academy of Management Review 24(1): 64-81.
55. Krueger, A. 2007. What Makes a Terrorist: Economics and the Roots of Terrorism. Princeton, New Persey: Princeton University Press.
56. Jackson, R. & Strauss, R. 2007. The Geopolitics of World Population Change. Commentary: Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington D.C.http://www.csis.org/media/csis/pubs/070710-jackson-commentary.pdf
57. Laipson, Ellen. 2002. "The Middle East's Demographic Transition: What Does it Mean?" Journal of International Affairs 56(1): 175-188.
58. Li, Q. 2006. "Political Violence and Foreign Direct Investment. Research in Global Strategic Management." International Studies Quarterly 12:231-255.
59. Longman, P. 2004. The Empty Cradle: How Falling Birthrates Threaten World Prosperity and What to Do About It. Cambridge, MA: Basic Books.
60. Lutz, W., Sanderson, W. & Scherbov, S. 2005. The End of World Population Growth in the 21st Century. London, UK: Earthscan Publications Ltd.
61. Malthus, T. R. 1803. An Essay on the Principle of Population
62. Mansfield, E.D. 1994. Power, Trade & War. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
63. Mariotti, S. & Piscitello, P. 1995. "Information Costs and Location of FDIs Within the Host Country: Empirical Evidence from Italy." Journal of International Business Studies 26(4): 815-841.
64. Mayer. A., 2002. The Furies: Violence and Terror in the French and Russian Revolutions. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
65. McCarthy, K. F. 1999. World Population Shifts: Boom or Doom, Population Matters, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA.
66. Mitchell, R.K. & Agle, B.R. 1997. "Toward a Theory of Stakeholder Identification and Salience: Defining the Principle of Who and What Really Counts." Academy of Management Review 22(4): 853-886.
67. Mitroff, I., Puchant, T., & Shrivastava, P. 2006. "The Structure of Man-made Organizational Crises: Conceptual and Empirical Issues in the Development of a General Theory of Crisis Management." In Key Readings in Crisis Management: Systems and Structures for Prevention and Recovery, edited by D. Smith and D.,Elliott. London, UK: Routledge.
68. Muraweic, L. & Adamson, D. 2000. Demography and Security. Population Matters. Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA.
69. NIC (National Intelligence Council) 2000. Global Trends 2015: A Dialogue About Future With Non Government Experts, National Intelligence Council.
70. Pettigrew, A. 2005. "The Character and Significance of Management Research on the Public Services." Academy of Management Journal 48(6): 973-977.
71. Prahalad, C.K. 2006. The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Eradicating Poverty Through Profits. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Wharton University Press.
72. Rand Institute. 2001. Long-Term Global Demographic Trends: Reshaping the Geopolitical Landscape. Working Paper. The Rand Institute.
73. Ricart, J., Enright, M. Ghemawat, P. Hart, S. & Khanna, T. 2004. "New Frontiers in International Strategy." Journal of International Business Studies 35(3): 175-200.
74. Robertson, C. & Watson, A. 2004 "Corruption and Change: The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment." Strategic Management Journal 25 (4): 385-396.
75. Rodriguez, P. Siegel, D.S., Hillman, A. & Eden, L. 2006. "Three Lenses on the Multinational Enterprise: Politics, Corruption, and Corporate Social Responsibility." Journal of International Business Studies 37(6): 733-746.
76. Rummel, R.1997. Death by Government. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction.
77. Rynes, S. L. & Shapiro, D.L. 2005. "Public Policy and the Public Interest: What If We Mattered More?" Academy of Management Journal 48(6): 925-927.
78. Sandbrook, R. & Romano, D. 2004. "Globalisation, Extremism, and Violence in Poor Countries." Third World Quarterly 25(6): 1007-1030.
79. Sheffi, Y. 2001. "Supply Chain Management Under the Threat of International Terrorism." The International Journal of Logistics Management 12(2): 1-11.
80. Sorel, G. 1950. Reflections on Violence. New York: Free Press.
81. Urdal, Henrik, 2006. "A Clash of Generations? Youth bulges and Political Violence." International Studies Quarterly 50(3): 607-630.
82. Von Glinow, M. A., Shapiro, D. L. & Brett, J.M. 2004. "Can We Talk, and Should We? Managing Emotional Conflict in Multicultural Teams." Academy of Management Review 29(4): 578-592.
83. Walzer, M. 1968. The Revolution of the Saints. New York: Atheneum.
84. Walzer, M. 2002. "Five Questions About Terrorism". Dissent,Winter 2002.
85. Weiner, R.J. 2005. "Speculation in International Crises: Report from the Gulf." Journal International Business Studies 36(5): 576-587.
86. Werner, S. Brouthers, L. & Brouthers, K. 1996. "International Risk and Perceived Environmental Uncertainty: The Dimensionality and Internal Consistency of Miller's Measure." Journal of International Business Studies 27(3): 571-587.
87. Wilson, J. & Hernstein, R. 1998. Crime and Human Nature: The Definitive Study of the Causes of Crime. New York: Free Press.
88. Witt, M. A. & Lewin, A.Y. 2007. "Outward Foreign Direct Investment as Escape Response to Home Country Institutional Constraints." Journal of International Business Studies 38(4), 579-594.
89. Zaheer, S. 1995. "Overcoming the Liability of Foreignness." Academy of Management Journal 38(2): 341-63.