Coagulation effects of low molecular weight heparin compared with heparin in dogs considered to be at risk for clinically significant venous thrombosis

Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 74-80

  Scott, Kielyn C ^a   Hansen, Bernie D ^b   Defrancesco, Teresa C ^b  

^a Veterinary Emergency and Specialty Center of New Mexico   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Anti coagulate; Blood clot; Canine; Hypercoagulable

Indexed keywords

ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; DALTEPARIN;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOG; DOG DISEASE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RISK FACTOR; VEIN THROMBOSIS;

ANIMALS; ANTICOAGULANTS; DALTEPARIN; DOG DISEASES; DOGS; RISK FACTORS; VENOUS THROMBOSIS;

ANIMALIA; CANIS FAMILIARIS;

EID: 61449162071     PISSN: 14793261     EISSN: 14764431     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2008.00339.x     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Moser KM, LeMoine JR, Nachtwey FJ, et al. Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: frequency in a respiratory intensive care unit. JAMA 1981 246 : 1422 1424.
2. Cade JF. High risk of the critically ill for venous thromboembolism. Crit Care Med 1982 10 : 448 450.
3. Hirsch DR, Ingenito EP, Goldhaber SZ. Prevalence of deep venous thrombosis among patients in medical intensive care. JAMA 1995 274 : 335 337.
4. Marik PE, Andrews L, Maini B. The incidence of deep venous thrombosis in ICU patients. Chest 1997 111 : 661 664.
5. Attia J, Ray JG, Cook DJ, et al. Deep vein thrombosis and its prevention in critically ill adults. Arch Intern Med 2001 161 : 1268 1279.
6. Heit JA, O'Fallon WM, Petterson TM, et al. Relative impact of risk factors for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a population-based study. Arch Intern Med 2002 162 : 1245 1248.
7. Ho WK, Hankey GJ, Lee CH, et al. Venous thromboembolism: diagnosis and management of deep venous thrombosis. Med J Aust 2005 182 : 476 481.
8. Feldman BF. Demographics of canine immune-mediated haemolytic anemia in the southeastern United States. Comp Haematol Int 1997 6 : 42 45.
9. Duval D, Giger U. Vaccine associated immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in the dog. J Vet Intern Med 1996 10 : 290 295.
10. Jackson ML, Kruth SA. Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia in the dog: a retrospective study of 55 cases diagnosed from 1969 through 1983 at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine. Can Vet J 1985 26 : 245 250.
11. Reimer ME, Troy GC, Warnick LD. Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia: 70 cases (1988-1996). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1999 35 : 384 391.
12. Scott-Moncrieff JC, Treadwell NG, McCullough SM, et al. Hemostatic abnormalities in dogs with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2001 37 (3) : 220 227.
13. Weinkle TK, Center SA, Randolph JF, et al. Evaluation of prognostic factors, survival rates, and treatment protocols for immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in dogs: 151 cases (1993-2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005 226 (11) : 1869 1880.
14. Thompson MF, Scott-Moncrieff JC, Brooks MB. Effect of a single plasma transfusion on thromboembolism in 13 dogs with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. J Am Anim hosp Assoc 2004 40 : 446 454.
15. Nelson OL. Use of the D-dimer assay for diagnosing thromboembolic disease in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2005 41 : 145 149.
16. Klein MK, Dow SW, Rosychuk RA. Pulmonary thromboembolism associated with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in dogs: ten cases (1982-1987). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989 195 (2) : 246 250.
17. Greco DS, Green RA. Coagulation abnormalities associated with thrombosis in a dog with nephritic syndrome. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1987 9 (6) : 653 658.
18. Hackner SG. Pulmonary thromboembolism, In : King LG, ed. Textbook of Respiratory Disease in Dogs and Cats. St Louis, MO : Saunders 2004, pp. 526 537.
19. Hirsh J, Rasch R. Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin. The seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 2004 126 : 188S 203S.
20. Barritt DW, Jordan SC. Anticoagulant drugs in the treatment of pulmonary embolism. A controlled trial. Lancet 1960 1 : 1309 1312.
21. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Hemostasis and blood coagulation, In : Guyton AC, Hall JE, eds. Textbook of Medical Physiology, 11th ed. Philadelphia : WB Saunders Co 2006, pp. 457 468.
22. Diquelou A, Barbaste C, Gabaig, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a therapeutic dose of unfractionated heparin (200u/kg) administered subcutaneously of intravenously to healthy dogs. Vet Clin Pathol 2005 34 (3) : 237 242.
23. Basu D, Gallus A, Hirsh J, et al. A prospective study of the value of monitoring heparin treatment with the activated partial thromboplastin time. N Engl J Med 1972 287 : 324 327.
24. Mannucci PM, Poller L. Venous thrombosis and anticoagulant therapy. Br J Haematol 2001 114 (2) : 258 270.
25. Hellebrekers LJ, Slappendel RJ, van den Brom WE. Effect of sodium heparin and antithrombin III concentration on activated partial thromboplastin time in the dog. Am J Vet Res 1985 46 (7) : 1460 1462.
26. Green RA. Activated partial thromboplastin time in monitoring heparinized dogs. Am J Vet Res 1980 41 (11) : 1793 1797.
27. Henson MS, Smith SA. Disorders of hemostasis, In : Wingfield WE, Raffe MR, eds. The Veterinary ICU Book. Jackson, Wyoming : Teton NewMedia 2002, pp. 731 751.
28. Thomason JD, Calvert CA, Greene CG. DIC: diagnosing and treating a complex disorder. Vet Med 2005 100 (9) : 670 678.
29. Harnett BE, Kerl ME. Unfractionated and low-molecular-weight heparin for hypercoagulability in dogs and cats. Vet Med 2007 102 (3) : 187 202.
30. Mischke RH, Schutter C, Grebe SI. Anticoagulant effects of repeated subcutaneous injections of high doses of unfractionated heparin in healthy dogs. Am J Vet Res 2001 62 (12) : 1887 1891.
31. Mischke R, Jacobs C. The monitoring of heparin administration by screening tests in experimental dogs. Res Vet Sci 2001 70 : 101 108.
32. Leizorovicz A, Cohen AT, Turpie AGG, et al. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of dalteparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in acutely ill medical patients. Circulation 2004 110 (7) : 874 879.
33. Mischke R, Grebe S, Jacobs C, et al. Amidolytic heparin activity and values for several hemostatic variables after repeated subcutaneous administration of high doses of a low molecular weight heparin in healthy dogs. Am J Vet Res 2001 62 (4) : 595 598.
34. Hirsh J, Warkentin TE, Shaughnessy SG, et al. Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin. Mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, dosing, monitoring, efficacy, and safety. Chest 2001 119 : 64S 94S.
35. Mischke R, Grebe S. The correlation between plasma anti-factor Xa activity and haemostatic tests in healthy dogs, following the administration of a low molecular weight heparin. Res Vet Sci 2000 69 (3) : 241 247.
36. Bates SM. Coagulation assays. Circulation 2005 112 : 53 60.
37. Brooks MB. Evaluation of a chromogenic assay to measure the factor Xa inhibitory activity of unfractionated heparin in canine plasma. Vet Clin Pathol 2004 33 (4) : 208 214.
38. Laposata M, Green D, Van Cott EM, et al. College of American Pathologists conference XXXI on laboratory monitoring of anticoagulant therapy; the clinical use and laboratory monitoring of low-molecular-weight-heparin, danaparoid, hirudin and related compounds, and argatroban. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1998 122 (9) : 799 807.
39. Johnson LR, Lappin MR, Baker Pulmonary thromboembolism in 29 dogs: 1985-1995. J Vet Intern Med 1999 13 : 338 345.
40. Carr AP, Panciera DL, Kidd L. Prognostic factors for mortality and thromboembolism in canine immune-mediated hemolytic anemia: a retrospective study of 72 dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2002 16 : 504 509.
41. Cook AK, Cowgill LD. Clinical and Pathological features of protein-losing glomerular disease in the dog: a review of 137 cases (1985-1992). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1996 32 : 313 322.
42. Van Winkle TJ, Bruce E. Thrombosis of the portal vein in eleven dogs. Vet Pathol 1993 30 (1) : 28 35.
43. Millis DL, Hawkins E, Jager M, et al. Comparison of coagulation test results for blood samples obtained by means of direct venipuncture and through a jugular vein catheter in clinically normal dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1995 207 (10) : 1311 1314.
44. Smith CE, Rozanski EA, Freeman LM, et al. Use of low molecular weight heparin in cats: 57 cases (1999-2003). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004 225 (8) : 1237 1241.
45. Alwood AJ, Downend AB, Brooks MB, et al. Abstract: anticoagulant effects of low-molecular-weight heparin in healthy cats. Proceedings 10th IVECCS 2004 961.
46. Chiu HM, Hirsh J, Yung WL, et al. Relationship between the anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects of heparin in experimental venous thrombosis. Blood 1977 49 (2) : 171 183.
47. Grebe S, Jacobs C, Kietzmann M, et al. Pharmacokinetics of low-molecular-weight heparins Fragmin D in dogs [German]. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 2000 113 : 103 107.
48. Morris TA, Marsh JJ, Konopka R, et al. Anti-thrombotic efficacies of enoxaparin, dalteparin, and unfractionated heparin in venous thromboembolism. Thromb Res 2000 100 (3) : 185 194.
49. Donahue SM, Otto CM. Thromboelastography: a tool for measuring hypercoagulability, hypocoagulability, and fibrinolysis. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 2005 15 (1) : 9 16.