Tubal ectopic pregnancy: Diagnosis and management

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Volumn 279, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 443-453

  Nama, Vivek ^a   Manyonda, Isaac ^a  

^a ST GEORGE'S UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Beta hCG; Ectopic; Methotrexate; Pregnancy; Salpingectomy; Salpingotomy; Tubal pregnancy; TVS

Indexed keywords

CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN; PROGESTERONE;

ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; FIRST TRIMESTER PREGNANCY; HUMAN; LAPAROTOMY; PREGNANCY TERMINATION; PREGNANCY TEST; PREVALENCE; PROGESTERONE BLOOD LEVEL; REVIEW; SALPINGECTOMY; TRANSVAGINAL ECHOGRAPHY;

FEMALE; HUMANS; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY, TUBAL;

EID: 61349149266     PISSN: 09320067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-008-0731-3     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. S Lurie D Rabinerson Z Shoham 1998 The veracious etiology of ectopic pregnancy Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 77 120 121
2. JM Kriebs JO Fahey 2006 Ectopic pregnancy J Midwifery Womens Health 51 431 439 10.1016/j.jmwh.2006.07.008
3. TE Goldner HW Lawson Z Xia HK Atrash 1993 Surveillance for ectopic pregnancy-United States, 1970-1989 MMWR CDC Surveill Summ 42 73 85
4. Lewis Ge. The Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and Child Health (CEMACH). Saving mothers' lives: reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer-2003-2005. The Seventh Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom London: CEMACH 2007
5. S Baffoe K Nkyekyer 1999 Ectopic pregnancy in Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana: a three-year review Trop Doct 29 18 22
6. N Goyaux R Leke N Keita P Thonneau 2003 Ectopic pregnancy in African developing countries Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 82 305 312 10.1034/j.1600-0412. 2003.00175.x
7. Hajenius PJ, Mol F, Mol BW, Bossuyt PM, Ankum WM, van der Veen F Interventions for tubal ectopic pregnancy. Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) 2007(1):CD000324
8. TG Stovall AL Kellerman FW Ling JE Buster 1990 Emergency department diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy Ann Emerg Med 19 1098 1103 10.1016/S0196-0644(05) 81511-2
9. AK Majhi N Roy KS Karmakar PK Banerjee 2007 Ectopic pregnancy-an analysis of 180 cases J Indian Med Assoc 105 308
10. P Pradhan SB Thapamagar S Maskey 2006 A profile of ectopic pregnancy at nepal medical college teaching hospital Nepal Med Coll J 8 238 242
11. A Karaer FA Avsar S Batioglu 2006 Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy: a case-control study Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 46 521 527 10.1111/j.1479-828X. 2006.00653.x
12. L Borgatta A Murthy C Chuang L Beardsley MS Burnhill 2002 Pregnancies diagnosed during Depo-Provera use Contraception 66 169 172 10.1016/S0010- 7824(02)00340-2
13. LA Furlong 2002 Ectopic pregnancy risk when contraception fails A review. J Reprod Med 47 881 885
14. X Xiong P Buekens E Wollast 1995 IUD use and the risk of ectopic pregnancy: a meta-analysis of case-control studies Contraception 52 23 34 10.1016/0010-7824(95)00120-Y
15. DL Brown PM Doubilet 1994 Transvaginal sonography for diagnosing ectopic pregnancy: positivity criteria and performance characteristics J Ultrasound Med 13 259 266
16. CR Gracia KT Barnhart 2001 Diagnosing ectopic pregnancy: decision analysis comparing six strategies Obstet Gynecol 97 464 470 10.1016/S0029- 7844(00)01159-5
17. KT Barnhart MD Sammel PF Rinaudo L Zhou AC Hummel W Guo 2004 Symptomatic patients with an early viable intrauterine pregnancy: HCG curves redefined Obstet Gynecol 104 50 55
18. BW Mol PJ Hajenius S Engelsbel WM Ankum F Van der Veen DJ Hemrika 1998 Serum human chorionic gonadotropin measurement in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy when transvaginal sonography is inconclusive Fertil Steril 70 972 981 10.1016/S0015-0282(98)00278-7
19. RG Dart J Mitterando LM Dart 1999 Rate of change of serial beta-human chorionic gonadotropin values as a predictor of ectopic pregnancy in patients with indeterminate transvaginal ultrasound findings Ann Emerg Med 34 703 710 10.1016/S0196-0644(99)70094-6
20. I Katsikis D Rousso D Farmakiotis A Kourtis E Diamanti-Kandarakis D Panidis 2006 Receiver operator characteristics and diagnostic value of progesterone and CA-125 in the prediction of ectopic and abortive intrauterine gestations Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 125 226 232 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2005. 10.014
21. BW Mol JG Lijmer WM Ankum F van der Veen PM Bossuyt 1998 The accuracy of single serum progesterone measurement in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy: a meta-analysis Hum Reprod 13 3220 3227 10.1093/humrep/13.11.3220
22. G Condous C Lu SV Van Huffel D Timmerman T Bourne 2004 Human chorionic gonadotrophin and progesterone levels in pregnancies of unknown location Int J Gynaecol Obstet 86 351 357 10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.04.004
23. G Condous E Kirk C Lu B Van Calster S Van Huffel D Timmerman 2006 There is no role for uterine curettage in the contemporary diagnostic workup of women with a pregnancy of unknown location Hum Reprod 21 2706 2710 10.1093/humrep/del223
24. Lundorff P, Thorburn J, Hahlin M, Kallfelt B, Lindblom B Laparoscopic surgery in ectopic pregnancy. A randomized trial versus laparotomy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 70:343-348 doi: 10.3109/00016349109007885
25. M Vermesh PD Silva GF Rosen AL Stein GT Fossum MV Sauer 1989 Management of unruptured ectopic gestation by linear salpingostomy: a prospective, randomized clinical trial of laparoscopy versus laparotomy Obstet Gynecol 73 400 404
26. P Lundorff M Hahlin B Kallfelt J Thorburn B Lindblom 1991 Adhesion formation after laparoscopic surgery in tubal pregnancy: a randomized trial versus laparotomy Fertil Steril 55 911 915
27. M Vermesh SC Presser 1992 Reproductive outcome after linear salpingostomy for ectopic gestation: a prospective 3-year follow-up Fertil Steril 57 682 684
28. JW Graczykowski DR Mishell Jr 1997 Methotrexate prophylaxis for persistent ectopic pregnancy after conservative treatment by salpingostomy Obstet Gynecol 89 118 122 10.1016/S0029-7844(96)00370-5
29. JB Sharma S Gupta M Malhotra R Arora 2003 A randomized controlled comparison of minialpartomy and lapartomy in ectopic pregnancy cases Indian J Med Sci 57 493 500
30. M Atri CM Chow G Kintzen P Gillett AA Aldis M Thibodeau 2001 Expectant treatment of ectopic pregnancies: clinical and sonographic predictors Ajr 176 123 127
31. J Korhonen UH Stenman P Ylostalo 1994 Serum human chorionic gonadotropin dynamics during spontaneous resolution of ectopic pregnancy Fertil Steril 61 632 636
32. JI Makinen AK Kivijarvi KM Irjala 1990 Success of non-surgical management of ectopic pregnancy Lancet 335 1099 10.1016/0140-6736(90)92674-7
33. E Shalev D Peleg A Tsabari S Romano M Bustan 1995 Spontaneous resolution of ectopic tubal pregnancy: natural history Fertil Steril 63 15 19
34. D Trio N Strobelt C Picciolo RH Lapinski A Ghidini 1995 Prognostic factors for successful expectant management of ectopic pregnancy Fertil Steril 63 469 472
35. P Ylostalo B Cacciatore J Korhonen M Kaariainen P Makela J Sjoberg 1993 Expectant management of ectopic pregnancy Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 49 83 84 10.1016/0028-2243(93)90126-W
36. J Korhonen UH Stenman P Ylostalo 1996 Low-dose oral methotrexate with expectant management of ectopic pregnancy Obstet Gynecol 88 775 778 10.1016/0029-7844(96)00293-1
37. S Helmy E Sawyer D Ofili-Yebovi J Yazbek J Ben Nagi D Jurkovic 2007 Fertility outcomes following expectant management of tubal ectopic pregnancy Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 30 988 993 10.1002/uog.5186
38. GH Lipscomb D Bran ML McCord JC Portera FW Ling 1998 Analysis of three hundred fifteen ectopic pregnancies treated with single-dose methotrexate Am J Obstet Gynecol 178 1354 1358 10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70343-6
39. DL Brown RE Felker TG Stovall DS Emerson FW Ling 1991 Serial endovaginal sonography of ectopic pregnancies treated with methotrexate Obstet Gynecol 77 406 409
40. A Tawfiq AF Agameya P Claman 2000 Predictors of treatment failure for ectopic pregnancy treated with single-dose methotrexate Fertil Steril 74 877 880 10.1016/S0015-0282(00)01547-8
41. PS Dudley MJ Heard H Sangi-Haghpeykar SA Carson JE Buster 2004 Characterizing ectopic pregnancies that rupture despite treatment with methotrexate Fertil Steril 82 1374 1378 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.03.066
42. GH Lipscomb ML McCord TG Stovall G Huff SG Portera FW Ling 1999 Predictors of success of methotrexate treatment in women with tubal ectopic pregnancies N Engl J Med 341 1974 1978 10.1056/NEJM199912233412604
43. BW Mol PJ Hajenius S Engelsbel WM Ankum DJ Hemrika F Van der Veen 1999 Treatment of tubal pregnancy in the netherlands: an economic comparison of systemic methotrexate administration and laparoscopic salpingostomy Am J Obstet Gynecol 181 945 951 10.1016/S0002-9378(99)70330-3
44. M Yao T Tulandi 1997 Current status of surgical and nonsurgical management of ectopic pregnancy Fertil Steril 67 421 433 10.1016/S0015-0282(97) 80064-7
45. H Fernandez SC Yves Vincent S Pauthier F Audibert R Frydman 1998 Randomized trial of conservative laparoscopic treatment and methotrexate administration in ectopic pregnancy and subsequent fertility Hum Reprod 13 3239 3243 10.1093/humrep/13.11.3239
46. AJ Saraj JG Wilcox S Najmabadi SM Stein MB Johnson RJ Paulson 1998 Resolution of hormonal markers of ectopic gestation: a randomized trial comparing single-dose intramuscular methotrexate with salpingostomy Obstet Gynecol 92 989 994 10.1016/S0029-7844(98)00324-X
47. MC Sowter CM Farquhar KJ Petrie G Gudex 2001 A randomised trial comparing single dose systemic methotrexate and laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of unruptured tubal pregnancy BJOG 108 192 203
48. PJ Hajenius S Engelsbel BW Mol F Van der Veen WM Ankum PM Bossuyt 1997 Randomised trial of systemic methotrexate versus laparoscopic salpingostomy in tubal pregnancy Lancet 350 774 779 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)05487-1
49. G Dias Pereira PJ Hajenius BW Mol WM Ankum DJ Hemrika PM Bossuyt 1999 Fertility outcome after systemic methotrexate and laparoscopic salpingostomy for tubal pregnancy Lancet 27 353 724 725
50. J Tzafettas S Anapliotis V Zournatzi A Boucklis N Oxouzoglou J Bondis 1994 Transvaginal intra-amniotic injection of methotrexate in early ectopic pregnancy. Advantages over the laparoscopic approach Early Hum Dev 39 101 107 10.1016/0378-3782(94)90159-7
51. H Fernandez P Bourget Y Ville C Lelaidier R Frydman 1994 Treatment of unruptured tubal pregnancy with methotrexate: pharmacokinetic analysis of local versus intramuscular administration Fertil Steril 62 943 947
52. DR Cohen T Falcone S Khalife 1996 Methotrexate: local versus intramuscular Fertil Steril 65 206 207
53. DL Katz JP Barrett JS Sanfilippo DM Badway 2003 Combined hysteroscopy and laparoscopy in the treatment of interstitial pregnancy Am J Obstet Gynecol 188 1113 1114 10.1067/mob.2003.258
54. DL Fylstra 1998 Tubal pregnancy: a review of current diagnosis and treatment Obstet Gynecol Surv 53 320 328 10.1097/00006254-199805000-00024
55. A Gervaise L Masson R de Tayrac R Frydman H Fernandez 2004 Reproductive outcome after methotrexate treatment of tubal pregnancies Fertil Steril 82 304 308 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.04.023
56. TG Stovall FW Ling JE Buster 1990 Reproductive performance after methotrexate treatment of ectopic pregnancy Am J Obstet Gynecol 162 1620 1623
57. JE Buster S Krotz 2007 Reproductive performance after ectopic pregnancy Semin Reprod Med 25 131 133 10.1055/s-2007-970052
58. J Bouyer N Job-Spira JL Pouly E Germain J Coste B Aublet-Cuvelier 1996 Fertility after ectopic pregnancy Results of the first three years of the Auvergne Registry. Contracept Fertil Sex 24 475 481
59. BW Mol HC Matthijsse DJ Tinga T Huynh PJ Hajenius WM Ankum 1998 Fertility after conservative and radical surgery for tubal pregnancy Hum Reprod 13 1804 1809 10.1093/humrep/13.7.1804
60. MC Rulin 1995 Is salpingostomy the surgical treatment of choice for unruptured tubal pregnancy? Obstet Gynecol 86 1010 1013 10.1016/0029-7844(95) 00330-T
61. PD Silva AM Schaper B Rooney 1993 Reproductive outcome after 143 laparoscopic procedures for ectopic pregnancy Obstet Gynecol 81 710 715
62. AC Machado EM Guimaraes E Sakurai FC Fioravante WN Amaral MF Alves 2007 High titers of Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies in Brazilian women with tubal occlusion or previous ectopic pregnancy Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology 2007 24816
63. JO Odland G Anestad S Rasmussen R Lundgren K Dalaker 1993 Ectopic pregnancy and chlamydial serology Int J Gynaecol Obstet 43 271 275 10.1016/0020-7292(93)90515-X
64. C Bjartling S Osser K Persson 2000 The frequency of salpingitis and ectopic pregnancy as epidemiologic markers of Chlamydia trachomatis Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 79 123 128 10.1034/j.1600-0412.2000.079002123.x
65. TE Roberts S Robinson PM Barton S Bryan A McCarthy J Macleod 2007 Cost effectiveness of home based population screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in the UK: economic evaluation of chlamydia screening studies (ClaSS) project BMJ 335 291
66. S Menon MD Sammel M Vichnin KT Barnhart 2007 Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy: a comparison between adults and adolescent women J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 20 181 185 10.1016/j.jpag.2007.01.007
67. HB Peterson Z Xia JM Hughes LS Wilcox LR Tylor J Trussell 1997 The risk of ectopic pregnancy after tubal sterilization US Collaborative Review of Sterilization Working Group. N Engl J Med 336 762 767 10.1056/ NEJM199703133361104
68. HB Peterson Z Xia LS Wilcox LR Tylor J Trussell 1999 Pregnancy after tubal sterilization with bipolar electrocoagulation US Collaborative Review of Sterilization Working Group. Obstet Gynecol 94 163 167 10.1016/S0029-7844(99) 00316-6