메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 149-154

The Benefits and Risks of Ultraviolet Tanning and Its Alternatives: The Role of Prudent Sun Exposure

Author keywords

Benefits; Health; Risks; Sun; Tanning; Ultraviolet light; Vitamin D

Indexed keywords

SUNSCREEN; TITANIUM DIOXIDE; VITAMIN D;

EID: 60849126406     PISSN: 07338635     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2008.11.008     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (49)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 0029008369 scopus 로고
    • Sunburn and tanning in a British population
    • Melia J., and Bulman A. Sunburn and tanning in a British population. J Public Health Med 17 2 (1995) 223-229
    • (1995) J Public Health Med , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 223-229
    • Melia, J.1    Bulman, A.2
  • 2
    • 0035200126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tanning habits and sunburn in a Swedish population age 13-50 years
    • Boldeman C., Branstrom R., Dal H., et al. Tanning habits and sunburn in a Swedish population age 13-50 years. Eur J Cancer 37 18 (2001) 2441-2448
    • (2001) Eur J Cancer , vol.37 , Issue.18 , pp. 2441-2448
    • Boldeman, C.1    Branstrom, R.2    Dal, H.3
  • 3
    • 0030918543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summer sun exposure: knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of midwest adolescents
    • Robinson J.K., Rademaker A.W., Sylvester J.A., et al. Summer sun exposure: knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of midwest adolescents. Prev Med 26 3 (1997) 364-372
    • (1997) Prev Med , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 364-372
    • Robinson, J.K.1    Rademaker, A.W.2    Sylvester, J.A.3
  • 4
    • 0023882897 scopus 로고
    • The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through VI
    • Fitzpatrick T.B. The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through VI. Arch Dermatol 124 6 (1988) 869-871
    • (1988) Arch Dermatol , vol.124 , Issue.6 , pp. 869-871
    • Fitzpatrick, T.B.1
  • 5
    • 60849131334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at: Accessed January 30, 2009
    • Website. Available at:. http://www.theita.com Accessed January 30, 2009
    • Website1
  • 6
    • 42549171628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indoor tanning knowledge, attitudes, and behavior among young adults from 1988-2007
    • Robinson J.K., Kim J., Rosenbaum S., et al. Indoor tanning knowledge, attitudes, and behavior among young adults from 1988-2007. Arch Dermatol 144 4 (2008) 484-488
    • (2008) Arch Dermatol , vol.144 , Issue.4 , pp. 484-488
    • Robinson, J.K.1    Kim, J.2    Rosenbaum, S.3
  • 7
    • 0029867180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Natural' light treatment of seasonal affective disorder
    • Wirz-Justice A., Graw P., Krauchi K., et al. 'Natural' light treatment of seasonal affective disorder. J Affect Disord 37 2-3 (1996) 109-120
    • (1996) J Affect Disord , vol.37 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 109-120
    • Wirz-Justice, A.1    Graw, P.2    Krauchi, K.3
  • 8
    • 27944480501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of frequent indoor UV tanning with seasonal affective disorder
    • Hillhouse J., Stapleton J., and Turrisi R. Association of frequent indoor UV tanning with seasonal affective disorder. Arch Dermatol 141 11 (2005) 1465
    • (2005) Arch Dermatol , vol.141 , Issue.11 , pp. 1465
    • Hillhouse, J.1    Stapleton, J.2    Turrisi, R.3
  • 9
    • 0020565559 scopus 로고
    • Plasma beta-endorphin and beta-lipoprotein response to ultraviolet radiation
    • Levins P.C., Carr D.B., Fisher J.E., et al. Plasma beta-endorphin and beta-lipoprotein response to ultraviolet radiation. Lancet 2 8342 (1983) 166
    • (1983) Lancet , vol.2 , Issue.8342 , pp. 166
    • Levins, P.C.1    Carr, D.B.2    Fisher, J.E.3
  • 10
    • 0036886288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma levels of opioid peptides after sunbed exposures
    • Gambichler T., Bader A., Vojvodic M., et al. Plasma levels of opioid peptides after sunbed exposures. Br J Dermatol 147 6 (2002) 1207-1211
    • (2002) Br J Dermatol , vol.147 , Issue.6 , pp. 1207-1211
    • Gambichler, T.1    Bader, A.2    Vojvodic, M.3
  • 11
    • 33646120589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma beta-endorphin levels in frequent and infrequent tanners before and after ultraviolet and non-ultraviolet stimuli
    • Kaur M., Liguori A., Fleischer Jr. A.B., et al. Plasma beta-endorphin levels in frequent and infrequent tanners before and after ultraviolet and non-ultraviolet stimuli. J Am Acad Dermatol 54 5 (2006) 919-920
    • (2006) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.54 , Issue.5 , pp. 919-920
    • Kaur, M.1    Liguori, A.2    Fleischer Jr., A.B.3
  • 12
    • 0035162740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total body exposure to ultraviolet radiation does not influence plasma levels of immunoreactive beta-endorphin in man
    • Wintzen M., Ostijn D.M., Polderman M.C., et al. Total body exposure to ultraviolet radiation does not influence plasma levels of immunoreactive beta-endorphin in man. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 17 6 (2001) 256-260
    • (2001) Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 256-260
    • Wintzen, M.1    Ostijn, D.M.2    Polderman, M.C.3
  • 13
    • 0021365082 scopus 로고
    • Photoprotective adaptation. Some quantitative aspects
    • Nonaka S., Kaidbey K.H., and Kligman A.M. Photoprotective adaptation. Some quantitative aspects. Arch Dermatol 120 5 (1984) 609-612
    • (1984) Arch Dermatol , vol.120 , Issue.5 , pp. 609-612
    • Nonaka, S.1    Kaidbey, K.H.2    Kligman, A.M.3
  • 14
    • 0019782233 scopus 로고
    • Natural and artificial photoprotection
    • Cripps D.J. Natural and artificial photoprotection. J Invest Dermatol 77 1 (1981) 154-157
    • (1981) J Invest Dermatol , vol.77 , Issue.1 , pp. 154-157
    • Cripps, D.J.1
  • 15
    • 28444472828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet A radiation: testing and labeling for sunscreen products
    • Nash J.F., Tanner P.R., and Matts P.J. Ultraviolet A radiation: testing and labeling for sunscreen products. Dermatol Clin 24 1 (2006) 63-74
    • (2006) Dermatol Clin , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-74
    • Nash, J.F.1    Tanner, P.R.2    Matts, P.J.3
  • 16
    • 38649115315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addressing the health benefits and risks, involving vitamin D or skin cancer, of increased sun exposure
    • Moan J., Porojnicu A.C., Dahlback A., et al. Addressing the health benefits and risks, involving vitamin D or skin cancer, of increased sun exposure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105 2 (2008) 668-673
    • (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.105 , Issue.2 , pp. 668-673
    • Moan, J.1    Porojnicu, A.C.2    Dahlback, A.3
  • 17
    • 0036605934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D insufficiency among free-living healthy young adults
    • Tangpricha V., Pearce E.N., Chen T.C., et al. Vitamin D insufficiency among free-living healthy young adults. Am J Med 112 8 (2002) 659-662
    • (2002) Am J Med , vol.112 , Issue.8 , pp. 659-662
    • Tangpricha, V.1    Pearce, E.N.2    Chen, T.C.3
  • 18
    • 39749136506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological evidence for vitamin D and colorectal cancer
    • Giovannucci E. Epidemiological evidence for vitamin D and colorectal cancer. J Bone Miner Res 22 s2 (2007) V81-V85
    • (2007) J Bone Miner Res , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL.2
    • Giovannucci, E.1
  • 19
    • 39549089493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D deficits may affect heart health
    • Mitka M. Vitamin D deficits may affect heart health. JAMA 299 7 (2008) 753-754
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.299 , Issue.7 , pp. 753-754
    • Mitka, M.1
  • 20
    • 41049096380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease
    • Wang T.J., Pencina M.J., Booth S.L., et al. Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease. Circulation 117 4 (2008) 503-511
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.117 , Issue.4 , pp. 503-511
    • Wang, T.J.1    Pencina, M.J.2    Booth, S.L.3
  • 22
    • 33947676900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of plasma vitamin D metabolites, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, and prostate cancer
    • Li H., Stampfer M.J., Hollis J.B., et al. A prospective study of plasma vitamin D metabolites, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, and prostate cancer. PLoS Med 4 3 (2007) e103
    • (2007) PLoS Med , vol.4 , Issue.3
    • Li, H.1    Stampfer, M.J.2    Hollis, J.B.3
  • 23
    • 46449131684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality
    • Dobnig H., Pilz S., Scharnagl H., et al. Independent association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Arch Intern Med 168 12 (2008) 1340-1349
    • (2008) Arch Intern Med , vol.168 , Issue.12 , pp. 1340-1349
    • Dobnig, H.1    Pilz, S.2    Scharnagl, H.3
  • 24
    • 33744784615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D physiology
    • Lips P. Vitamin D physiology. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 92 1 (2006) 4-8
    • (2006) Prog Biophys Mol Biol , vol.92 , Issue.1 , pp. 4-8
    • Lips, P.1
  • 25
    • 36248982759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in a West African population of tuberculosis patients and unmatched healthy controls
    • Wejse C., Olesen R., Rabna P., et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in a West African population of tuberculosis patients and unmatched healthy controls. Am J Clin Nutr 86 5 (2007) 1376-1383
    • (2007) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.86 , Issue.5 , pp. 1376-1383
    • Wejse, C.1    Olesen, R.2    Rabna, P.3
  • 26
    • 27544462464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The vitamin D requirement in health and disease
    • Heaney R.P. The vitamin D requirement in health and disease. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 97 1-2 (2005) 13-19
    • (2005) J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol , vol.97 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 13-19
    • Heaney, R.P.1
  • 27
    • 42249090551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences
    • Holick M.F., and Chen T.C. Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences. Am J Clin Nutr 87 4 (2008) 1080S-1086S
    • (2008) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.87 , Issue.4
    • Holick, M.F.1    Chen, T.C.2
  • 28
    • 0019367350 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of cutaneous previtamin D3 photosynthesis in man: skin pigment is not an essential regulator
    • Holick M.F., MacLaughlin J.A., and Doppelt S.H. Regulation of cutaneous previtamin D3 photosynthesis in man: skin pigment is not an essential regulator. Science 211 4482 (1981) 590-593
    • (1981) Science , vol.211 , Issue.4482 , pp. 590-593
    • Holick, M.F.1    MacLaughlin, J.A.2    Doppelt, S.H.3
  • 29
    • 42949116938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet exposure scenarios: risks of erythema from recommendations on cutaneous vitamin D synthesis
    • Webb A.R., and Engelsen O. Ultraviolet exposure scenarios: risks of erythema from recommendations on cutaneous vitamin D synthesis. Adv Exp Med Biol 624 (2008) 72-85
    • (2008) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.624 , pp. 72-85
    • Webb, A.R.1    Engelsen, O.2
  • 30
    • 33846544440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculated ultraviolet exposure levels for a healthy vitamin D status
    • Webb A.R., and Engelsen O. Calculated ultraviolet exposure levels for a healthy vitamin D status. Photochem Photobiol 82 6 (2006) 1697-1703
    • (2006) Photochem Photobiol , vol.82 , Issue.6 , pp. 1697-1703
    • Webb, A.R.1    Engelsen, O.2
  • 31
    • 16544376722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tanning is associated with optimal vitamin D status (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration) and higher bone mineral density
    • Tangpricha V., Turner A., Spina C., et al. Tanning is associated with optimal vitamin D status (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration) and higher bone mineral density. Am J Clin Nutr 80 6 (2004) 1645-1649
    • (2004) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.80 , Issue.6 , pp. 1645-1649
    • Tangpricha, V.1    Turner, A.2    Spina, C.3
  • 32
    • 33646793696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reply to MA Weinstock and D Lazovich
    • Holick M.F., and Tangpricha V. Reply to MA Weinstock and D Lazovich. Am J Clin Nutr 82 3 (2005) 707-708
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.82 , Issue.3 , pp. 707-708
    • Holick, M.F.1    Tangpricha, V.2
  • 33
    • 41949086461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous ultraviolet exposure and its relationship to the development of skin cancer
    • Rigel D.S. Cutaneous ultraviolet exposure and its relationship to the development of skin cancer. J Am Acad Dermatol 58 5, Suppl2 (2008) S129-S132
    • (2008) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.58 , Issue.5 SUPPL.2
    • Rigel, D.S.1
  • 34
    • 0030447224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanoma and sun exposure
    • Elwood J.M. Melanoma and sun exposure. Semin Oncol 23 6 (1996) 650-666
    • (1996) Semin Oncol , vol.23 , Issue.6 , pp. 650-666
    • Elwood, J.M.1
  • 35
    • 11144340999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: II. Sun exposure
    • Gandini S., Sera F., Cattaruzza M.S., et al. Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: II. Sun exposure. Eur J Cancer 41 1 (2005) 45-60
    • (2005) Eur J Cancer , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-60
    • Gandini, S.1    Sera, F.2    Cattaruzza, M.S.3
  • 36
    • 33846805780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Agency for Research on Cancer Working Group on Artificial Ultraviolet (UV) Light and Skin Cancer. The association of use of sunbeds with cutaneous malignant melanoma and other skin cancers: a systematic review
    • International Agency for Research on Cancer Working Group on Artificial Ultraviolet (UV) Light and Skin Cancer. The association of use of sunbeds with cutaneous malignant melanoma and other skin cancers: a systematic review. Int J Cancer 120 5 (2007) 1116-1122
    • (2007) Int J Cancer , vol.120 , Issue.5 , pp. 1116-1122
  • 37
    • 0035144754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood sun exposure as a risk factor for melanoma: a systematic review of epidemiologic studies
    • Whiteman D.C., Whiteman C.A., and Green A.C. Childhood sun exposure as a risk factor for melanoma: a systematic review of epidemiologic studies. Cancer Causes Control 12 1 (2001) 69-82
    • (2001) Cancer Causes Control , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-82
    • Whiteman, D.C.1    Whiteman, C.A.2    Green, A.C.3
  • 38
    • 3242656444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet carcinogenesis in nonmelanoma skin cancer part II: review and update on epidemiologic correlations
    • Almahroos M., and Kurban A.K. Ultraviolet carcinogenesis in nonmelanoma skin cancer part II: review and update on epidemiologic correlations. Skinmed 3 3 (2004) 132-139
    • (2004) Skinmed , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 132-139
    • Almahroos, M.1    Kurban, A.K.2
  • 39
    • 0031730856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ageing in the sun parlour
    • Pierard G.E. Ageing in the sun parlour. Int J Cosmet Sci 20 4 (1998) 251-259
    • (1998) Int J Cosmet Sci , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 251-259
    • Pierard, G.E.1
  • 40
  • 41
    • 46749119363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of near infrared radiation in photoaging of the skin
    • Schroeder P., Haendeler J., and Krutmann J. The role of near infrared radiation in photoaging of the skin. Exp Gerontol 43 7 (2008) 629-632
    • (2008) Exp Gerontol , vol.43 , Issue.7 , pp. 629-632
    • Schroeder, P.1    Haendeler, J.2    Krutmann, J.3
  • 42
    • 51749103093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infrared radiation-induced matrix metalloproteinase in human skin: implications for protection
    • Schroeder P., Lademann J., Darvin M.E., et al. Infrared radiation-induced matrix metalloproteinase in human skin: implications for protection. J Invest Dermatol 128 10 (2008) 2491-2497
    • (2008) J Invest Dermatol , vol.128 , Issue.10 , pp. 2491-2497
    • Schroeder, P.1    Lademann, J.2    Darvin, M.E.3
  • 43
    • 41949127575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and correlates of indoor tanning among US adults
    • Heckman C.J., Coups E.J., and Manne S.L. Prevalence and correlates of indoor tanning among US adults. J Am Acad Dermatol 58 5 (2008) 769-780
    • (2008) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.58 , Issue.5 , pp. 769-780
    • Heckman, C.J.1    Coups, E.J.2    Manne, S.L.3
  • 44
    • 0036260606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of sunscreen, sunburning rates, and tanning bed use among more than 10 000 US children and adolescents
    • Geller A.C., Colditz G., Oliveria S., et al. Use of sunscreen, sunburning rates, and tanning bed use among more than 10 000 US children and adolescents. Pediatrics 109 6 (2002) 1009-1014
    • (2002) Pediatrics , vol.109 , Issue.6 , pp. 1009-1014
    • Geller, A.C.1    Colditz, G.2    Oliveria, S.3
  • 45
    • 0041335652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of indoor tanning facilities by white adolescents in the United States
    • Demko C.A., Borawski E.A., Debanne S.M., et al. Use of indoor tanning facilities by white adolescents in the United States. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 157 9 (2003) 854-860
    • (2003) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.157 , Issue.9 , pp. 854-860
    • Demko, C.A.1    Borawski, E.A.2    Debanne, S.M.3
  • 46
    • 0023811422 scopus 로고
    • Fluorescent lights, ultraviolet lamps, and risk of cutaneous melanoma
    • Swerdlow A.J., English J.S., MacKie R.M., et al. Fluorescent lights, ultraviolet lamps, and risk of cutaneous melanoma. BMJ 297 6649 (1988) 647-650
    • (1988) BMJ , vol.297 , Issue.6649 , pp. 647-650
    • Swerdlow, A.J.1    English, J.S.2    MacKie, R.M.3
  • 47
    • 37549070305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tanning bed exposure increases the risk of malignant melanoma
    • Ting W., Schultz K., Cac N.N., et al. Tanning bed exposure increases the risk of malignant melanoma. Int J Dermatol 46 12 (2007) 1253-1257
    • (2007) Int J Dermatol , vol.46 , Issue.12 , pp. 1253-1257
    • Ting, W.1    Schultz, K.2    Cac, N.N.3
  • 48
    • 0036264345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of indoor tanning sunlamps by US youth, ages 11-18 years, and by their parent or guardian caregivers: prevalence and correlates
    • Cokkinides V.E., Weinstock M.A., O'Connell M.C., et al. Use of indoor tanning sunlamps by US youth, ages 11-18 years, and by their parent or guardian caregivers: prevalence and correlates. Pediatrics 109 6 (2002) 1124-1130
    • (2002) Pediatrics , vol.109 , Issue.6 , pp. 1124-1130
    • Cokkinides, V.E.1    Weinstock, M.A.2    O'Connell, M.C.3
  • 49
    • 36049020591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of parents and peers on adolescent indoor tanning behavior: findings from a multi-city sample
    • Hoerster K.D., Mayer J.A., Woodruff S.I., et al. The influence of parents and peers on adolescent indoor tanning behavior: findings from a multi-city sample. J Am Acad Dermatol 57 6 (2007) 990-997
    • (2007) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.57 , Issue.6 , pp. 990-997
    • Hoerster, K.D.1    Mayer, J.A.2    Woodruff, S.I.3
  • 50
    • 33746920010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An investigation of appearance motives for tanning: the development and evaluation of the physical appearance reasons for tanning scale (PARTS) and its relation to sunbathing and indoor tanning intentions
    • Cafri G., Thompson J.K., Roehrig M., et al. An investigation of appearance motives for tanning: the development and evaluation of the physical appearance reasons for tanning scale (PARTS) and its relation to sunbathing and indoor tanning intentions. Body Image 3 3 (2006) 199-209
    • (2006) Body Image , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 199-209
    • Cafri, G.1    Thompson, J.K.2    Roehrig, M.3
  • 51
    • 49449104636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels and the risk of mortality in the general population
    • Melamed M.L., Michos E.D., Post W., et al. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels and the risk of mortality in the general population. Arch Intern Med 168 15 (2008) 1629-1637
    • (2008) Arch Intern Med , vol.168 , Issue.15 , pp. 1629-1637
    • Melamed, M.L.1    Michos, E.D.2    Post, W.3
  • 52
    • 33646077899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UV tanning advertisements in high school newspapers
    • Freeman S., Francis S., Lundahl K., et al. UV tanning advertisements in high school newspapers. Arch Dermatol 142 4 (2006) 460-462
    • (2006) Arch Dermatol , vol.142 , Issue.4 , pp. 460-462
    • Freeman, S.1    Francis, S.2    Lundahl, K.3
  • 53
    • 24044504741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compliance with youth access regulations for indoor UV tanning
    • Hester E.J., Heilig L.F., D'Ambrosia R., et al. Compliance with youth access regulations for indoor UV tanning. Arch Dermatol 141 8 (2005) 959-962
    • (2005) Arch Dermatol , vol.141 , Issue.8 , pp. 959-962
    • Hester, E.J.1    Heilig, L.F.2    D'Ambrosia, R.3
  • 54
    • 24044441954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UV light tanning as a type of substance-related disorder
    • Warthan M.M., Uchida T., and Wagner Jr. R.F. UV light tanning as a type of substance-related disorder. Arch Dermatol 141 8 (2005) 963-966
    • (2005) Arch Dermatol , vol.141 , Issue.8 , pp. 963-966
    • Warthan, M.M.1    Uchida, T.2    Wagner Jr., R.F.3
  • 55
    • 33645012696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do adolescent indoor tanners exhibit dependency?
    • Zeller S., Lazovich D., Forster J., et al. Do adolescent indoor tanners exhibit dependency?. J Am Acad Dermatol 54 4 (2006) 589-596
    • (2006) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.54 , Issue.4 , pp. 589-596
    • Zeller, S.1    Lazovich, D.2    Forster, J.3
  • 56
    • 34247351916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indoor UV tanning youth access laws: update 2007
    • McLaughlin J.A., Francis S.O., Burkhardt D.L., et al. Indoor UV tanning youth access laws: update 2007. Arch Dermatol 143 4 (2007) 529-532
    • (2007) Arch Dermatol , vol.143 , Issue.4 , pp. 529-532
    • McLaughlin, J.A.1    Francis, S.O.2    Burkhardt, D.L.3
  • 57
    • 33750796972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compliance with restrictions on sale of indoor tanning sessions to youth in Minnesota and Massachusetts
    • Forster J.L., Lazovich D., Hickle A., et al. Compliance with restrictions on sale of indoor tanning sessions to youth in Minnesota and Massachusetts. J Am Acad Dermatol 55 6 (2006) 962-967
    • (2006) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.55 , Issue.6 , pp. 962-967
    • Forster, J.L.1    Lazovich, D.2    Hickle, A.3
  • 58
    • 58149114952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enforcement of state indoor tanning laws in the United States
    • Accessed January 30, 2009
    • Mayer J.A., Hoerster K.D., Pichon L.C., et al. Enforcement of state indoor tanning laws in the United States. Prev Chronic Dis 5 4 (2008). http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0194.htm Accessed January 30, 2009
    • (2008) Prev Chronic Dis , vol.5 , Issue.4
    • Mayer, J.A.1    Hoerster, K.D.2    Pichon, L.C.3
  • 59
    • 41949105639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adding over-the-counter dihydroxyacetone self-tanners to sunscreen regimens to increase ultraviolet A light protection
    • Howe W., Reed B., and Dellavalle R.P. Adding over-the-counter dihydroxyacetone self-tanners to sunscreen regimens to increase ultraviolet A light protection. J Am Acad Dermatol 58 5 (2008) 894
    • (2008) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.58 , Issue.5 , pp. 894
    • Howe, W.1    Reed, B.2    Dellavalle, R.P.3
  • 60
    • 5444271158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Durability of the sun protection factor provided by dihydroxyacetone
    • Faurschou A., and Wulf H.C. Durability of the sun protection factor provided by dihydroxyacetone. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 20 5 (2004) 239-242
    • (2004) Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed , vol.20 , Issue.5 , pp. 239-242
    • Faurschou, A.1    Wulf, H.C.2
  • 61
    • 33646521311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of artificial tanning products among young adults
    • Brooks K., Brooks D., Dajani Z., et al. Use of artificial tanning products among young adults. J Am Acad Dermatol 54 6 (2006) 1060-1066
    • (2006) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.54 , Issue.6 , pp. 1060-1066
    • Brooks, K.1    Brooks, D.2    Dajani, Z.3
  • 62
    • 42049105576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UV-generated free radicals (FR) in skin: their prevention by sunscreens and their induction by self-tanning agents
    • Jung K., Seifert M., Herrling T., et al. UV-generated free radicals (FR) in skin: their prevention by sunscreens and their induction by self-tanning agents. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 69 5 (2008) 1423-1428
    • (2008) Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc , vol.69 , Issue.5 , pp. 1423-1428
    • Jung, K.1    Seifert, M.2    Herrling, T.3
  • 63
    • 33847063881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of sunless tanning product use and related behaviors among adults in the United States: results from a national survey
    • Stryker J.E., Yaroch A.L., Moser R.P., et al. Prevalence of sunless tanning product use and related behaviors among adults in the United States: results from a national survey. J Am Acad Dermatol 56 3 (2007) 387-390
    • (2007) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.56 , Issue.3 , pp. 387-390
    • Stryker, J.E.1    Yaroch, A.L.2    Moser, R.P.3
  • 64
    • 34249716265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A healthy tan?
    • Barsh G., and Attardi L.D. A healthy tan?. N Engl J Med 356 21 (2007) 2208-2210
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , Issue.21 , pp. 2208-2210
    • Barsh, G.1    Attardi, L.D.2
  • 65
    • 3242674942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autocrine catecholamine biosynthesis and the beta-adrenoceptor signal promote pigmentation in human epidermal melanocytes
    • Gillbro J.M., Marles L.K., Hibberts N.A., et al. Autocrine catecholamine biosynthesis and the beta-adrenoceptor signal promote pigmentation in human epidermal melanocytes. J Invest Dermatol 123 2 (2004) 346-353
    • (2004) J Invest Dermatol , vol.123 , Issue.2 , pp. 346-353
    • Gillbro, J.M.1    Marles, L.K.2    Hibberts, N.A.3
  • 66
    • 33847652562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skin biology: a healthy tan?
    • Wickelgren I. Skin biology: a healthy tan?. Science 315 5816 (2007) 1214-1216
    • (2007) Science , vol.315 , Issue.5816 , pp. 1214-1216
    • Wickelgren, I.1
  • 67
    • 33845610991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T-oligos augment UV-induced protective responses in human skin
    • Arad S., Konnikov N., Goukassian D.A., et al. T-oligos augment UV-induced protective responses in human skin. FASEB J 20 11 (2006) 1895-1897
    • (2006) FASEB J , vol.20 , Issue.11 , pp. 1895-1897
    • Arad, S.1    Konnikov, N.2    Goukassian, D.A.3
  • 68
    • 0033612873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daily sunscreen application and betacarotene supplementation in prevention of basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas of the skin: a randomised controlled trial
    • Green A., Williams G., NËale R., et al. Daily sunscreen application and betacarotene supplementation in prevention of basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas of the skin: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 354 9180 (1999) 723-729
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , Issue.9180 , pp. 723-729
    • Green, A.1    Williams, G.2    NËale, R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.