Citizenship and the corporation

Law and Social Inquiry

Volumn 34, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 129-168

  Lee, Ian B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 60749120995     PISSN: 08976546     EISSN: 17474469     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4469.2009.01141.x     Document Type: Article

References (115)

1. Alchian, Armen A. Harold Demsetz. 1972. Production, Information Costs, and Economic Organization. American Economic Review 62 : 777 95.
2. Allen, William T. 1992. Our Schizophrenic Conception of the Corporation. Cardozo Law Review 14 : 261 82.
3. Arendt, Hannah. 1958. The Human Condition. Chicago : University of Chicago Press.
4. Bainbridge, Stephen M. 1993. In Defense of the Shareholder Wealth Maximization Norm: A Reply to Professor Green. Washington and Lee Law Review 50 : 1423 47.
5. Bainbridge, Stephen M. 2003. Director Primacy: The Means and Ends of Corporate Governance. Northwestern University Law Review 97 : 547 606.
6. Bainbridge, Stephen M. 2006. The Case for Limited Shareholder Voting Rights. UCLA Law Review 53 : 601 36.
7. Bainbridge, Stephen M. 2008. Director Primacy and Bylaws. http://www.businessassociationsblog.com/lawandbusiness/comments/ director-primacy-and-bylaws/ (accessed August 18, 2008).
8. Barnett, Randy E. 2006. Scalia's Infidelity: A Critique of "Faint-Hearted" Originalism. University of Cincinnati Law Review 75 : 7 27.
9. Bebchuk, Lucian A. 2003. The Case for Shareholder Access to the Ballot. Business Lawyer 59 : 43 66.
10. Bebchuk, Lucian A. Allen Ferrell. 1999. Federalism and Corporate Law: The Race to Protect Managers from Takeovers. Columbia Law Review 99 : 1168 99.
11. Bebchuk, Lucian A. Jesse Fried. 2004. Pay Without Performance: The Unfulfilled Promise of Executive Compensation. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press.
12. Bebchuk, Lucian A., Jesse M. Fried David I. Walker. 2002. Managerial Power and Rent Extraction in the Design of Executive Compensation. University of Chicago Law Review 69 : 751 846.
13. Becker, Gary S. 1992. The economic way of looking at life. Nobel Prize Lecture presented at the Nobel Foundation, Dec. 9, in Stockholm, Sweden. http://nobelprize.org/nobel-prizes/economics/laureates/1992/becker-lecture.html (accessed August 18, 2008).
14. Beiner, Ronald, ed. 1995. Introduction: Why Citizenship Constitutes a Theoretical Problem in the Last Decade of the Twentieth Century to Theorizing Citizenship, 1 28. Albany, NY : SUNY Press.
15. Beitz, Charles. 1989. Political Equality: An Essay in Democratic Theory. Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press.
16. Berle, Adolph A. 1932. For Whom Corporate Managers Are Trustees: A Note. Harvard Law Review 45 : 1365 72.
17. Berle, Adolph A. Gardiner C. Means. 1932. The Modern Corporation and Private Property. New York : Macmillan.
18. Bickel, Alexander M. 1986. The Least Dangerous Branch: The Supreme Court at the Bar of Politics, 2nd ed. New Haven, CT : Yale University Press.
19. Black, Charles L. 1997. A New Birth of Freedom: Human Rights, Named and Unnamed. New York : Grosset/Putnam.
20. Blackstone, William. 1979 [1765-69]. Commentaries on the Law of England, 4 vols. Chicago : University of Chicago Press.
21. Blair, Margaret M. 2003. Locking in Capital: What Corporate Law Achieved for Business Organizers in the Nineteenth Century. UCLA Law Review 51 : 387 455.
22. Blair, Margaret M. Lynn A. Stout. 1999. A Team Production Theory of Corporate Law. Virginia Law Review 85 : 248 328.
23. Blair, Margaret M. Lynn A. Stout. 2001. Director Accountability and the Mediating Role of the Corporate Board. Washington University Law Quarterly 79 : 403 48.
24. Boot, Arnoud W. A. Jonathan R. Macey. 2004. Monitoring Corporate Performance: The Role of Objectivity, Proximity, and Adaptability in Corporate Governance. Cornell Law Review 89 : 356 93.
25. Bottomley, Stephen. 2007. The Constitutional Corporation: Rethinking Corporate Governance. Aldershot, UK : Ashgate Publishing.
26. Branson, Douglas M. 2002. Corporate Social Responsibility Redux. Tulane Law Review 76 : 1207 26.
27. Buchanan, James M. Gordon Tullock. 1962. The Calculus of Consent: Logical Foundations of Constitutional Democracy. Ann Arbor : University of Michigan Press.
28. Buck, Tobias. 2005. EU Seeks to End Bias Among Shareholders. Financial Times, October 17, 1.
29. Butler, Henry N. Fred S. McChesney. 1999. Why They Give at the Office: Shareholder Welfare and Corporate Philanthropy in the Contractual Theory of the Corporation. Cornell Law Review 84 : 1195 1226.
30. Calabresi, Guido. 1991. The Pointlessness of Pareto: Carrying Coase Further. Yale Law Journal 100 : 1211 39.
31. Cary, William L. 1974. Federalism and Corporate Law: Reflections upon Delaware. Yale Law Journal 83 : 663 705.
32. Cicero. 1935 [∼70 BCE]. The Verrine Orations, vol. 2. Trans. L. H. G. Greenwood. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press.
33. Ciepley, David. 2007. Political Theory and the Corporation. http://faculty.virginia.edu/pol-theoryprogram/ ciepley%20pt%20and%20the%20corporation.pdf (accessed August 18, 2008).
34. Coase, Ronald H. 1937. The Nature of the Firm. Economica 4 (16 386 405.
35. Coates, John C. 1999. Measuring the Domain of Mediating Hierarchy: How Contestable Are U.S. Public Corporations? Journal of Corporation Law 24 : 837 68.
36. Cohen, Ronnie. 1994. Feminist Thought and Corporate Law: It's Time to Find Our Way Up from the Bottom (Line). American University Journal of Gender & Law 2 : 1 35.
37. Commission on the Future of Health Care in Canada. 2002. Building on Values: The Future of Health Care in Canada. Saskatoon : Commission on the Future of Health Care in Canada.
38. Condon, Mary. 2000. Limited by Law? Gender, Corporate Law, and the Family Firm. In Law as a Gendering Practice, ed. Dorothy E. Chunn Dany Lacombe, 181 98. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
39. Cooke, C. A. 1950. Corporation, Trust and Company. Manchester, UK : Manchester University Press.
40. Dallas, Lynne L. 2002. The New Managerialism and Diversity on Corporate Boards of Directors. Tulane Law Review. 76 : 1363 1407.
41. Dodd, E. Merrick. 1932. For Whom Are Corporate Managers Trustees? Harvard Law Review 45 : 1145 63.
42. Dunlavy, Colleen A. 2006. Social Conceptions of the Corporation: Insights from the History of Shareholder Voting Rights. Washington & Lee Law Review 63 : 1347 88.
43. Dworkin, Ronald. 1977. Taking Rights Seriously. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press.
44. Dyzenhaus, David. 2004. Consent, Legitimacy and the Foundation of Political and Legal Authority. Paper presented at the annual conference of the Consortium on Democratic Constitutionalism, October 2, Victoria, BC. http://www.law.uvic.ca/demcon/papers/dyzenhaus-hobbesraz.doc (accessed August 18, 2008).
45. Easterbrook, Frank H. Daniel R. Fischel. 1989. The Corporate Contract. Columbia Law Review 89 : 1416 48.
46. Easterbrook, Frank H. Daniel R. Fischel. 1991. The Economic Structure of Corporate Law. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press.
47. Elhauge, Einer R. 2005. Sacrificing Corporate Profits in the Public Interest. New York University Law Review 80 : 733 869.
48. Fannon, Irene Lynch. 2003. Working Within Two Kinds of Capitalism: Corporate Governance and Employee Stakeholding - US and EC Perspectives. Oxford : Hart Publishing.
49. Fischel, Daniel R. 1982. The Corporate Governance Movement. Vanderbilt Law Review 35 : 1259 92.
50. Fossum, John Erik. 2003. The European Union in Search of an Identity. European Journal of Political Theory 2 : 319 40.
51. Fraser, Andrew W. 1983. The Corporation as a Body Politic. Telos 57 : 5 40.
52. Fraser, Andrew W. 1998. Reinventing Aristocracy: The Constitutional Reformation of Corporate Governance. Aldershot, UK : Ashgate Publishing.
53. Friedman, Milton. 1970. The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits. New York Times Magazine, September 13, 32 33 and 122.
54. Frug, Gerald. 1980. The City as a Legal Concept. Harvard Law Review 93 : 1059 154.
55. Fuller, Lon L. 1964. The Morality of Law. New Haven, CT : Yale University Press.
56. Gabaldon, Theresa A. 1992. The Lemonade Stand: Feminist and Other Reflections on the Limited Liability of Corporate Shareholders. Vanderbilt Law Review 45 : 1387 1456.
57. Gabaldon, Theresa A. 2002. Assumptions about Relationships Reflected in the Federal Securities Laws. Wisconsin Women's Law Journal 17 : 215 49.
58. Gierke, Otto. 1900. Political Theories of the Middle Age. Trans. F. W. Maitland. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
59. Greenfield, Kent. 2002. September 11th and the End of History for Corporate Law. Tulane Law Review 76 : 1409 29.
60. Habermas, Jürgen. 1996. Citizenship and National Identity. In Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy. Trans. William Rehg, 491 516. Cambridge, MA : MIT Press.
61. Hallis, Frederick. 1930. Corporate Personality: A Study in Jurisprudence. London : Oxford University Press.
62. Hansmann, Henry Reinier Kraakman. 2000. The Essential Role of Organizational Law. Yale Law Journal 110 : 387 440.
63. Hart, H. L. A. 1997. The Concept of Law. 2nd ed. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
64. Holmes, Oliver W. 1897. The Path of the Law. Harvard Law Review 10 : 457 78.
65. Horwitz, Morton J. 1986. Santa Clara Revisited: The Development of Corporate Theory. West Virginia Law Review 88 : 173 224.
66. Hutchinson, Allan C. 2005. The Companies We Keep: Corporate Governance for a Democratic Society. Toronto : Irwin Law.
67. Jacobson, Arthur J. John P. McCormick. 2005. The Business of Democracy Is Democracy. International Journal of Constitutional Law 3 : 706 22.
68. Jensen, Michael C. William H. Meckling. 1976. Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics 3 : 305 60.
69. Johnson, Lyman P. Q. 2002. The Social Responsibility of Corporate Law Professors. Tulane Law Review 76 : 1483 1500.
70. Kim, Pauline T. 2007. Lower Court Discretion. New York University Law Review 82 : 383 442.
71. Kymlicka, Will. 1995. Multicultural Citizenship. Oxford : Clarendon Press.
72. Kymlicka, Will Wayne Norman. 1995. Return of the Citizen: A Survey of Recent Work on Citizenship Theory. In Theorizing Citizenship, ed. Ronald Beiner, 283 322. Albany, NY : SUNY Press.
73. Lee, Ian B. 2005. Corporate Law, Profit Maximization, and the "Responsible" Shareholder. Stanford Journal of Law, Business & Finance 10 : 31 72.
74. Lee, Ian B. 2006. Corporate Law and the Role of Corporations in Society: Monism, Pluralism, Markets and Politics. Canadian Bar Review 85 : 1 28.
75. Liebeler, Susan W. 1984. A Proposal to Rescind the Shareholder Proposal Rule. Georgia Law Review 18 : 425 68.
76. Lipton, Martin Stephen A. Rosenblum. 1991. A New System of Corporate Governance: The Quinquennial Election of Directors. University of Chicago Law Review 58 : 187 253.
77. Maitland, F. W. 1911. Moral Personality and Legal Personality. In The Collected Papers of Frederic William Maitland, vol. 3, ed. H. A. L. Fisher, 304 20. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
78. Manne, Henry G. 1965. Mergers and the Market for Corporate Control. Journal of Political Economy 73 : 110 20.
79. Manne, Henry G. 1973. The Limits and Rationale of Corporate Altruism: An Individualistic Model. Virginia Law Review 59 : 708 22.
80. Manne, Henry G. 2003. A Free Market Model of a Large Corporation System. Emory Law Journal 52 : 1381 1400.
81. Marshall, T. H. 1950. Citizenship and Social Class. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
82. Miller, David. 2000. Citizenship and National Identity. Cambridge : Polity Press.
83. Mitchell, Larry. 2001. Corporate Irresponsibility: America's Newest Export. New Haven, CT : Yale University Press.
84. O'Connor, Marleen. 2000. Labor's Role in the American Corporate Governance Structure. Comparative Law & Labor Policy Journal 22 : 97 134.
85. Pender, Kathleen. 2004. Google's Weak Governance Rating. San Francisco Chronicle, August 24. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/ archive/2004/08/24/BUGBU8D46M1.DTL&type=tech (accessed July 24, 2008).
86. Plato. 1892 [360 BCE]. Crito. Trans. Benjamin Jowett. Raleigh, NC : Alex Catalog of Electronic Texts.
87. Posner, Richard A. 1986. Free Speech in an Economic Perspective. Suffolk University Law Review 20 : 1 54.
88. Posner, Richard A. 1998. Economic Analysis of the Law, 5th ed. New York : Aspen Law & Business.
89. Ratner, David L. 1970. The Government of Business Corporations: Critical Reflections on the Rule of "One Share, One Vote." Cornell Law Review 56 : 1 56.
90. Rawls, John. 1996. Political Liberalism. New York : Columbia University Press.
91. Rawls, John. 1999. The Law of Peoples. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press.
92. Raz, Joseph. 1985. Authority and Justification. Philosophy & Public Affairs 14 : 3 29.
93. Ribstein, Larry. 2004. Is a Corporation a Person? http://busmovie. typepad.com/ideoblog/2004/05/is-a-corporatio.html (accessed August 18, 2008).
94. Ribstein, Larry. 2005. Accountability and Responsibility in Corporate Governance. Univerity of Illinois Law & Economics Research Paper No. LE05-015. http://ssrn.com/abstract=746844 (accessed August 18, 2008).
95. Rodrigues, Usha. 2006. The Seductive Comparison of Shareholder and Civic Democracy. Washington & Lee Law Review 63 : 1389 1406.
96. Romano, Roberta. 1985. Law as a Product: Some Pieces of the Incorporation Puzzle. Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization 1 : 225 83.
97. Romano, Roberta. 2001. Less Is More: Making Institutional Investor Activism a Valuable Mechanism of Corporate Governance. Yale Journal on Regulation 18 : 174 251.
98. Rousseau, Jean Jacques. 2003 1762 On the Social Contract. Trans. G. D. H. Cole. Mineola, NY : Dover Publications.
99. Sadurski, Wojciech. 2006. Law's Legitimacy and "Democracy-Plus. " Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 26 : 377 409.
100. Sarra, Janis. 2002. The Gender Implications of Corporate Governance Change. Seattle Journal for Social Justice 1 : 457 97.
101. Seligman, Joel. 1987. Equal Protection in Shareholder Voting Rights: The One Share, One Vote Controversy. George Washington Law Review 54 : 687 724.
102. Sen, Amartya Kumar. 1970. Collective Choice and Social Welfare. San Francisco : Holden-Day.
103. Sen, Amartya Kumar. 1987. On Ethics and Economics. Oxford : Blackwell.
104. Shareholder Association for Research and Education. 2004. Second Class Investors: The Use and Abuse of Subordinated Shares in Canada. http://www.share.ca/files/Second-Class-Investors.pdf (accessed August 18, 2008).
105. Sherwin-White, A. N. 1980. The Roman Citizenship, 2nd ed. Oxford : Clarendon Press.
106. Sossin, Lorne. 1994. Redistributing Democracy: An Inquiry into Authority, Discretion and the Possibility of Engagement in the Welfare State. Ottawa Law Review 26 : 1 46.
107. Stigler, George. 1981. Economics or Ethics? In The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, ed. Sterling M. McMurrin, 145 91. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
108. Testy, Kellye Y. 2004. Capitalism and Freedom - For Whom?: Feminist Legal Theory and Progressive Corporate Law. Law and Contemporary Problems 67 (Fall 87 108.
109. Tribe, Laurence H. 2000. American Constitutional Law, 3rd ed. New York : Foundation Press.
110. Waldron, Jeremy. 2006. The Core of the Case against Judicial Review. Yale Law Journal 115 : 1346 1406.
111. Walker, David I. 2005. The Manager's Share. Boston University School of Law Working Paper No. 05-02. http://ssrn.com/abstract=671742 (accessed August 18, 2008).
112. Weiler, Joseph. 1999. The Constitution of Europe: "Do the New Clothes Have an Emperor?" and Other Essays on European Integration. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
113. Williams, Melissa S. 2001. Citizenship and Identity, Citizenship as Shared Fate and the Functions of Multicultural Education. University of Toronto Faculty of Law Legal Theory Workshop Series 2001-02 No. 1. Toronto : University of Toronto.
114. Williamson, Oliver E. 1981. The Economics of Organization: The Transaction Cost Approach. American Journal of Sociology 87 : 548 77.
115. Winter, Ralph K. 1977. State Law, Shareholder Protection, and the Theory of the Corporation. Journal of Legal Studies 6 : 251 92.