White organic light-emitting diodes combining vacuum deposited blue electrophosphorescent devices with red surface color conversion layers

Optics Express

Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 1577-1582

  Yuan, Y B ^a   Li, S ^a   Wang, Z ^a   Xu, H T ^a   Zhou, X ^a  

^a SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LIGHT EMITTING DIODES; ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (OLED); PHOSPHORESCENCE;

CIE COORDINATES; DICYANOMETHYLENE; ELECTROPHOSPHORESCENT; ELECTROPHOSPHORESCENT DEVICES; HIGH-EFFICIENCY; LIGHT EMITTING LAYERS; SURFACE COLORS; WHITE ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES;

OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES;

EID: 59749083442     PISSN: None     EISSN: 10944087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/OE.17.001577     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. J. Kido, K. Hongawa, K. Okuyama, and K. Nagai, "White light-emitting organic electroluminescent devices using the poly(N-vinylcarbazole) emitter llayer doped with three fluorescent dyes," Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 815-817 (1994).
2. J. Kido, M. Kiinura, and K. Nagai, "Multilayer White Light-Emitting Organic Electroluminescent Device," Science 267, 1332-1334 (1995).
3. Z. Y. Xie, J. S. Huang, C. N. Li, and S. Y. Liu, Y. Wang, Y. Q. Li, and J. C Shen, "White light emission induced by confinement in organic multiheterostructures," Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 641-643 (1999).
4. A. R. Duggal, J. J. Shiang, C. M. Heller, and D. F. Foust, "Organic light-emitting devices for illumination quality white light," Appl. Phys. Lett, 80, 3470-3472 (2002).
5. A. Duggal, J. Shiang, D. Foust, L. Turner, W. Nealon, and J. Bortscheller, "Large Area White OLEDs," SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers, 36, 28-31 (2005).
6. B. W. D'Andrade, and S. R. Forrest, "White organic light-emitting devices for solid-state lighting," Adv. Mater. 16, 1585-1595 (2004).
7. G. Lei, L. Wang, and Y. Qiu, "Blue phosphorescent dye as sensitizer and emitter for white organic light-emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 5403-5405 (2004).
8. F. F. Guo, and D. G. Ma "White organic light-emitting diodes based on tandem structures," Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 173510-173512 (2005).
9. W. F. Xie, L. T. Zhang, and S. Y. Liu, "White organic light-emitting devices with Sm:Ag black cathode," Opt. Express 14, 10819-10824 (2006).
10. N. Ide, T. Komoda, and J. Kido, "Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and its application to lighting devices," Proc. SPIE 6333, 63330M (2006).
11. Y. Sun, N. Giebink, H. Kanno, B. Ma, M. Thompson, and S. Forrest, "Management of singlet and triplet excitons for efficient white organic light-emitting devices," Nature 440, 908-912 (2006).
12. B. C Krummacher, V. E. Choong, M. K. Mathai, S. A. Choulis, F. So, F. Jermann, T. Fiedler, and M. Zachau, "Highly efficient white organic light-emitting diode," Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 113506-113508 (2006).
13. C. H. Chang, Y. J. Lu, C. C. Liu, Y. H. Yeh, and C. C. Wu, "Efficient white OLEDs employing phosphorescent sensitization," J. Display Technol. 3, 193-199 (2007).
14. A. Mikami, "High efficiency white-light-emitting organic devices coupled with lateral color conversion layer," Proceedings of 19th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, 498-499 (2006).
15. C. Li, M. Ichikawa, B. Wei, Y. Taniguchi, H. Kimura, K. Kawaguchi, and K. Sakurai, "A highly color-stability white organic light-emitting diode by color conversion within hole injection layer," Opt. Express 15, 608-615 (2007).
16. C. Li, H. Kimura, T. Saito, K. Sakurai, B. Wei, M. Ichikawa, and Y. Taniguchi, "Study of color-conversioninaterials in chromatic-stability white organic light-emitting diodes," Opt Express 15, 14422-14430 (2007).
17. M. H. Ho, S. F. Hsu, J. W. Ma, S. W. Hwang, P. C. Yeh, and C. H. Chen, "White p-i-n organic light-emitting devices with high power efficiency and stable color," Appl. Phys. Lett, 91, 113518 (2007).
18. S. L. Tao, C S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and X. H. Zhang, "Efficient blue and white organic light-emitting devices based on a singlebipolar emitter," Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 013507 (2008).
19. G. Schwartz, S. Reineke, K. Walzer, and K. Leo, "Reduced efficiency roll-off in high-efficiency hybrid white organic lightemitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 053311 (2008).
20. J. H. Seo, I. H. Park, G. Y. Kim, K. H. Lee, M. K. Kim, S. S. Yoon, and Y. K Kim, "Hybrid spacer for high-efficiency white organic light-emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 183303 (2008).
21. http://www.universaldisplay.ecm/downloads/Press%20Releases/2008/ PANLwhitemilestoneFINAL.pdf.
22. S. Tokito, T. Iijima, Y. Suzuri, and H. Kita, "Confinement of triplet energy on phosphorescent molecules for highly-efficient organic blue-light-emitting devices," Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 569-571 (2003).
23. D. Z. Garbuzov, S. R. Forrest, A. G. Tsekoun, P. E. Burrows, V. Bulovic, and M. E. Thompson, "Organic films deposited on Si p-n junctions: accurate measurements of fluorescence internal efficiency, and application to luminescent antireflection coatings," J. Appl. Phys. 80, 4644-4648 (1996).
24. N. Chopra, J. Lee, Y. Zheng, S. H. Eom, J. G. Xue, and F. So, "High efficiency blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting device," Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 143307 (2008).
25. M. T. Lee, J. S. Lin, M. T. Chu, and M. R. Tseng, "Low-voltage, high-efficiency blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices," Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 173305 (2008).
26. M. H. Tsai, Y. H. Hong, C. H. Chang, H. C. Su, C. C. Wu, S. Grigalevicius, A. Matoliukstyte, J. Simokaitiene, J. V. Grazulevicius, and C P. Hsu, "3-(9-Carbazolyl)carbazoles and 3,6-Di(9-carbazolyl)carbazoles as effective host materials for efficient blue organic electrophosphorescence, " Adv. Mater. 19, 862-866 (2007).
27. S. J. Yeh, M. F. Wu, C. T. Chen, Y. H. Song, Y. Chi, M. H. Ho, S. F. Hsu, and C. H. Chen, "New dopant and host materials for blue-light-emitting phosphorescent organic electroluminescent devices," Adv. Mater. 17, 285-289 (2005).
28. X. Zhou, M. Pfeiffer, J. Blochwitz, W. Werner, A. Nollau, T. Fritz, and K. Leo, "Very-low-operating-voltage organic light-emitting diodes using a p-doped amorphous hole injection layer," Appl. Phys. Lett 78, 410-412 (2001).
29. M. H. Lu, and J. C. Sturm "Optimization of external coupling and light emission in organic light-emitting device: modeling and experiment," J. Appl. Phys. 91, 595-604 (2002).