Significant plant virus diseases in India and a glimpse of modern disease management technology

Journal of General Plant Pathology

Volumn 75, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 1-18

  Rishi, Narayan ^a  

^a CCS HARYANA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

Badnavirus; ELISA; Jute; Mesta; Multiplex PCR; PCR; Vrikshayurveda

Indexed keywords

BADNAVIRUS; BEGOMOVIRUS; CHRYSANTHEMUM; CITRUS; CORCHORUS CAPSULARIS; GLADIOLUS; ORCHIDACEAE; RICE NECROSIS MOSAIC VIRUS;

EID: 59549107782     PISSN: 13452630     EISSN: 1610739X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10327-008-0139-8     Document Type: Review

References (135)

1. Ahlawat YS, Pant RP (2008) Indian citrus ringspot virus. In: Rao GP, Myrta A, Ling K-S (eds) Characterization, diagnosis and management of plant viruses, vol 2. Studium Press, Houston, pp 317-361
2. YS Ahlawat RP Pant BEL Lockhart M Srivastava NK Chakraborty A Varma 1996 Association of a badnavirus with citrus mosaic disease in India Plant Dis 80 590 592
3. APEDA (2000) Agro-export statistics. Agriculture and Processed Food Export Development Agency, New Delhi
4. LJC Autrey S Saumtally A Dookun S Boolell 1990 Occurrence of Sugarcane bacilliform virus in Mauritius Proc South Afric Sugar Technol Assoc 64 34 39
5. LJC Autrey S Boolell BEL Lockhart P Jones A Nadif 1995 The distribution of Sugarcane bacilliform virus in various geographical regions Proc Int Soc Sugar Cane Technol 21 527 541
6. VK Baranwal S Majumder YS Ahlawat RP Singh 2003 Sodium sulphite yields improved DNA of higher stability for PCR detection of Citrus yellow mosaic virus from citrus leaves J Virol Methods 112 153 156
7. AI Bhat S Devasahayam YR Sarma RP Pant 2003 Association of a badnavirus in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) transmitted by mealybug (Ferrisia virgata) in India Curr Sci 84 1547 1550
8. AI Bhat S Devasahayam PS Hareesh N Preethi T Tresa 2005 Planococcus citri (Risso) - an additional mealybug vector of Badnavirus infecting black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in India Entomology 30 85 90
9. AI Bhat V Bhadramurthy S Siju PS Hareesh 2006 Detection and identification of Cymbidium mosaic virus infecting vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) in India based on coat protein gene sequence relationships J Plant Biochem Biotechnol 15 33 37
10. M Bouhida BEL Lockhart NE Olszewski 1993 An analysis of the complete sequence of a Sugarcane bacilliform virus genome infectious to banana and rice J Gen Virol 74 15 22
11. Braithwaite K (2001) New viruses and virus-like diseases of sugarcane-an overview. In: Rao GP, Ford RE, Tosic M, Teakle DS (eds) Sugarcane pathology, vol II, virus and phytoplasma diseases. Science Publishers, Enfield, pp 3-24
12. KS Braithwaite NM Egeskov GR Smith 1995 Detection of Sugarcane bacilliform virus using the polymerase chain reaction Plant Dis 79 792 796
13. KS Braithwaite RJ Geijskes GR Smith 2004 A variable region of the Sugarcane bacilliform virus (SCBV) genome can be used to generate promoters for transgene expression in sugarcane Plant Cell Rep 23 319 326
14. Brown WR (1920) The orange: a trial of stock at Peshawar. Bulletin 93, Indian (erstwhile Imperial) Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, Bihar, India
15. Butler EJ (1908) Report on coconut palm diseases in Travancore. Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, India, Bull no. 9:1-23
16. SP Capoor PM Varma 1968 Investigation on mosaic disease of banana in the Deccan Indian Phytopathol 23 62 68
17. A Chatterjee SK Ghosh 2007 A new monopartite begomovirus isolated from Hibiscus cannabinus L. in India Arch Virol 152 2113 2118
18. A Chatterjee A Roy KV Padmalatha VG Malathi SK Ghosh 2005 Occurrence of a Begomovirus with yellow vein mosaic disease of mesta (Hibiscus cannabinus and Hibiscus sabdariffa) Australas Plant Pathol 34 609 610
19. Cherian KA, Menon R, Suma A, Nair S, Sudhesh MV (2002) Effect of banana bract mosaic disease on yield of commercial banana varieties in Kerala. In: Proceedings of global conference on banana and plantain, Bangalore, India, 28-31 October 2002, p 155
20. U Chilakamarthi SK Mukherjee JK Deb 2007 Intervention of geminiviral replication in yeast by ribozyme mediated downregulation of its Rep protein FEBS Lett 581 2675 2683
21. JC Comstock BEL Lockhart 1990 Widespread occurrence of Sugarcane bacilliform virus in U.S. sugarcane germplasm collections Plant Dis 74 530
22. JC Comstock BEL Lockhart 1996 Effect of Sugarcane bacilliform virus on biomass production of three sugarcane cultivars Sugar Cane 4 12 15
23. JF Dastur 1923 The mosaic disease of sugarcane in India Agric J India 18 505 509
24. Dhankar BS, Mishra JP (2004) Objectives of okra breeding. In: Singh PK et al (eds) Hybrid vegetable development. Haworth Press, Binghamton, pp 195-209
25. Dhankar BS, Mishra JP, Bisht IS (2005) Okra. In: Dhillon BS, Tyagi RK, Saxena S, Randhawa GJ (eds) Plant genetic resources: horticultural crops. Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, pp 59-74
26. Egeskov N, Braithwaite K, Smith G (1994) Development of techniques for the eradication of Sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus from infected sugarcane. In: Proceedings of the 4th international society of sugar cane technologists pathology workshop, p 39 (abstract)
27. TM Espino SB Exconde FB Zipagan RRC Espino 1990 Banana bract mosaic, a new disease of banana II: isolation and purification for monoclonal antibody production Philipp Agric 73 61 68
28. CM Fauquet J Stanley 2005 Revising the way we conceive and name viruses below the species level: a review of geminivirus taxonomy calls for new standardized isolate descriptors Arch Virol 150 2151 2179
29. S Fujii 1967 New rice plant disease necrosis mosaic (tentative name) Shokubutsu Boeki 2 291 299
30. IW Gara H Kondo T Maeda N Inouye T Tamada 1998 Calanthe mild mosaic virus, a new potyvirus causing a mild mosaic disease of Calanthe orchid in Japan J Phytopathol 146 357 363
31. RJ Geijskes KS Braithwaite JL Dale RM Harding GR Smith 2002 Sequence analysis of an Australian isolate of Sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus Arch Virol 147 2393 2404
32. SK Ghosh 1979 A new virus disease of rice in India Curr Sci 48 1045
33. SK Ghosh 1980 Rice necrosis mosaic virus Indian Acad Sci (Plant Sci) 2 291 299
34. SK Ghosh 1981 Weed hosts of rice necrosis mosaic virus Plant Dis 65 602 603
35. SK Ghosh 1982 Growth promotion in plants by rice necrosis mosaic virus Planta 155 193 198
36. SK Ghosh 1985 Virus infection: a host dependent reversible reaction phenomenon J Agric Sci 10 141 146
37. SK Ghosh 2001 Atypical yield response of fiber crops to fertilizer use under Rice necrosis mosaic virus inoculation Proc Natl Acad Sci 71B 173 177
38. SK Ghosh GC Mitra 1987 Growth and development in diploid and tetraploid plants of jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) under rice necrosis mosaic virus inoculation Proc Ind Nat Sci Acad 53 77 80
39. SK Ghosh GC Mitra 2008 Effect of Rice necrosis mosaic virus inoculation in different euploids of jute Indian J Virol 19 39 41
40. KR Girish R Usha 2005 Molecular characterization of two soybean-infecting begomoviruses from India and evidence for recombination among legume-infecting begomoviruses from South-East Asia Virus Res 108 167 176
41. P Gopal PP Kumar B Sinilal J Jose Ak Yadunandam R Usha 2007 Differential roles of C4 and βC1 in mediating suppression of post-transcriptional gene silencing: evidence for transactivation by the C2 of Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus, a monopartite begomovirus Virus Res 123 9 18
42. RP Gupta BP Singh 1981 Studies on Chrysanthemum aspermy virus on Chrysanthemum Indian J Mycol Pathol 11 158 160
43. RO Hampton GI Mink RI Hamilton JM Kraft FJ Muelhbauer 1976 Occurrence of pea seedborne mosaic virus in North American pea breeding lines, and procedures for its elimination Plant Dis Rep 60 455 459
44. B Helliot B Panis E Frison E De Clercq R Swennen P Lepoivre J Neyts 2003 The acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues, adefovir, tenofovir and PMEDAP, efficiently eliminate Banana streak virus from banana (Musa spp.) Antiviral Res 59 121 126
45. Hema M, Subba Reddy Ch V, Savithri HS, Sreenivasulu P (2008) Sugarcane streak mosaic virus. In: Rao GP, Khurana SMP, Lenardon SL (eds) Characterization, diagnosis and management of plant viruses, vol 1. Studium Press, Houston, pp 145-168
46. M Hollings 1957 Investigation on chrysanthemum virus II. Virus B (mild mosaic) and chrysanthemum latent virus Ann Appl Biol 45 589 602
47. Q Huang JS Hartung 2001 Cloning and sequence analysis of an infectious clone of Citrus yellow mosaic virus that can infect sweet orange via Agrobacterium-mediated inoculation J Gen Virol 82 2549 2558
48. M Ikegami S Haber RM Goodman 1981 Isolation and characterization of virus-specific double-stranded DNA from tissues infected by bean golden mosaic virus Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78 4102 4106
49. T Inouye 1977 Rice necrosis mosaic, a soil borne virus disease Trop Agric Res Ser 10 185 188
50. Inouye T, Fujii S (1977) Rice necrosis mosaic virus. Descriptions of plant viruses, no 172. CAB Ser, Wallingford, p 4
51. Jain RK, Bhat AI, Varma A (2008) Tobacco streak virus-an emerging virus in vegetables. In: Rao GP, Kumar PL, Holguín-Peña RJ (eds) Characterization, diagnosis and management of plant viruses, vol 3. Studium Press, Houston, pp 203-212
52. ND Jambhale YS Nerker 1981 Inheritance of resistance to okra yellow vein mosaic disease in interspecific crosses of Abelmoschus Theor Appl Genet 60 313 316
53. J Jose R Usha 2000 Extraction of geminiviral DNA from a highly mucilaginous plant (Abelmoschus esculentus) Plant Mol Biol Rep 18 349 355
54. J Jose R Usha 2003 Bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease in India is caused by association of a DNA β satellite with a begomovirus Virology 305 310 317
55. M Katoch MZ Abdin R Ram AA Zaidi 2003 An overview of diagnostics for viruses infecting gladiolus Crop Prot 22 153 156
56. RK Khetarpal K Gupta 2002 Implications of sanitary and phytosanitary agreement of WTO in Plant Protection in India Annu Rev Plant Pathol 1 1 26
57. Khetarpal RK, Gupta K (2006) Policy issues in plant protection. In: Chahal SS, Khetarpal RK, Thind TS (eds) One hundred years of plant pathology in India: an overview. ISMPP, Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, pp 401-422
58. GL Kottur ML Patel 1920 Malformation of the cotton plant leading to sterility Agric J India 15 640 643
59. Kulkarni CS (1924) Mosaic and other related diseases of crops in the Bombay Presidency. Poona Agriculture College Magazine 16
60. PL Kumar PL Jones F Waliyar 2004 Biology, etiology and management of pigeonpea sterility mosaic disease Annu Rev Plant Pathol 3 77 100
61. S Kumar A Srivastava SK Raj 2005 Molecular detection of Cucumber mosaic virus in chrysanthemum cultivars Acta Phytopathol Entomol Hung 40 205 211
62. PP Kumar R Usha A Zrachya Y Levy H Spanov Y Gafni 2006 Protein-protein interactions and nuclear trafficking of coat protein and βC1 protein associated with bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease Virus Res 122 127 136
63. RH Lawson 1981 Controlling virus diseases in major international flower and bulb crops Plant Dis 65 780 786
64. BEL Lockhart 1986 Purification and serology of a bacilliform virus associated with banana streak disease Phytopathology 76 995 999
65. BEL Lockhart 1990 Evidence for a double-stranded circular DNA genome in a second group of plant viruses Phytopathology 80 127 131
66. BEL Lockhart LJC Autrey 1988 Occurrence in sugarcane of a bacilliform virus related serologically to banana streak virus Plant Dis 72 230 233
67. Lockhart BEL, Olszewski NE (1993) Serological and genomic heterogeneity of Banana streak badnavirus: implications for virus detection in Musa germplasm. In: Garny J (ed) Breeding banana and plantain for resistance to diseases and pests. CIRAD/INIBAP, Montpellier, pp 105-113
68. BEL Lockhart LJC Autrey JC Comstock 1992 Partial purification and serology of Sugarcane mild mosaic virus, a mealybug-transmitted closterolike virus Phytopathology 82 691 695
69. Lockhart BEL, Irey MJ, Comstock JC (1996) Sugarcane bacilliform virus, Sugarcane mild mosaic virus and Sugarcane yellow leaf syndrome. In: Croft BJ et al (eds) Sugarcane germplasm conservation and exchange. ACIAR Proceedings no 67, Canberra, Australia, pp 108-112
70. BEL Lockhart K Kiratiya-Angul P Jones L Eng P De Silva NE Olszewski N Lockhart N Deema J Sangalang 1997 Identification of Piper yellow mottle virus, a mealybug-transmitted badnavirus infecting Piper spp. in Southeast Asia Eur J Plant Pathol 103 303 311
71. VG Malathi B Surendranath A Naghma A Roy 2005 Adaptation to new hosts shown by the cloned components of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus causing golden mosaic in northern India Can J Plant Pathol 27 439 447
72. PS Malik V Kumar B Bagewadi SK Mukherjee 2005 Interaction between coat protein and replication initiation protein of Mung bean yellow mosaic India virus might lead to control of viral DNA replication Virology 337 273 283
73. B Mandal A Varma VG Malathi 1997 Systemic infection of Vigna mungo using the cloned DNAs of the blackgram isolate Mungbean yellow mosaic geminivirus through agroinoculation and transmission of the progeny virus by whiteflies J Phytopathol 145 505 510
74. McCarthy C (1903) Indian Forester 22:1-29
75. Mollison JW (1900) Bull Dep Ld Rec Agric, Bombay, 20 pp
76. TK Nariani 1960 Yellow mosaic of mung (Phaseolus aureus L.) Indian Phytopathol 13 24 29
77. YL Nene 2003 Crop disease management practices in ancient, medieval, and pre-modern India Asian Agri-Hist 7 185 201
78. Nene YL (2006a) Prologue: status of plant pathology in India before 1905. In: Chahal SS, Khetarpal RK, Thind TS (eds) One hundred years of plant pathology in India: an overview. ISMPP, Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, pp 1-18
79. YL Nene 2006 A glimpse at viral diseases in the ancient period Indian J Virol 17 59 66
80. Pant RP, Pun KB, Medhi RP (2007) Status of orchid viruses occurring in the north eastern Himalayan region. In: International symposium viruses of ornamental and temperate fruit crops, Indian Virological Society, 17-18 Dec 2007, IHBT, Palampur (HP), India, p 34 (Abst)
81. S Paul R Ghosh A Roy JI Mir SK Ghosh 2006 Occurrence of a DNA β-containing begomovirus associated with leaf curl disease of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) in India Aust Plant Dis Notes 1 29 30
82. Periasamy M (2006) Studies on Mungbean yellow India mosaic virus (MYMIV) transcripts and satellite DNA β role in pathogenesis. PhD dissertation, IARI, New Delhi, 115 pp
83. KB Pun S Doraiswamy 1999 Effect of age of okra plants on susceptibility to Okra yellow vein mosaic virus Indian J Virol 15 57 58
84. GK Radhakrishnan GA Splitter R Usha 2008 DNA recognition properties of the cell-to-cell movement protein (MP) of soybean isolate of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV-Sb) Virus Res 131 152 159
85. V Raghavan PS Malik NR Choudhury SK Mukherjee 2004 The DNA-A component of a plant geminivirus (Indian mung bean yellow mosaic virus) replicates in budding yeast cells J Virol 78 2405 2413
86. SK Raj KM Srivastava RK Raizada BP Singh 1992 Chlorotic ring mosaic of chrysanthemum caused by a strain of Chrysanthemum aspermy virus in India J Plant Dis Prot 98 640 646
87. SK Raj S Saxena V Hallan BP Singh 1998 Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for direct detection of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in gladiolus Biochem Mol Biol Int 44 89 95
88. SK Raj A Srivastava G Chandra BP Singh 2002 Characterization of cucumber mosaic virus isolate infecting Gladiolus cultivars and comparative evaluation of serological and molecular methods for sensitive diagnosis Curr Sci 83 1132 1137
89. SK Raj S Kumar S Choudhari 2007 Identification of Tomato aspermy virus as the cause of yellow mosaic and flower deformation of chrysanthemum in India Aust Plant Dis Notes 2 1 2
90. R Rajeshwari RVC Reddy MN Maruthi J Colvin SE Seal V Muniyappa 2005 Host range, vector relationships and sequence comparison of a begomovirus infecting hibiscus in India Ann Appl Biol 147 15 25
91. Ravindran PN (2000) Black pepper, Piper nigrum. Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam, p 497
92. Reddy BVB (1997) Characterization of citrus mosaic virus and to develop methods for its quick detection. PhD dissertation, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
93. N Rishi 2004 Current status of begomoviruses in the Indian subcontinent Indian Phytopath 57 396 407
94. Rishi N (2006) Significant achievements and current status: virology. In: Chahal SS, Khetarpal RK, Thind TS (eds) One hundred years of plant pathology in India: an overview. ISMPP, Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, pp 143-206
95. Rishi N, Lodhi GP, Bishnoi SS, Sangwan RS (1996) Genetics of resistance to geminiviruses in Vigna crops. In: Xth International congress virology, Jerusalem, Israel, 11-16 Aug, p 187 (Abst)
96. BC Rodoni YS Ahlawat A Varma JL Dale RM Harding 1997 Identification and characterization of banana bract mosaic virus in India Plant Dis 81 669 672
97. E Rodríguez Lema D Rodríguez E Fernández R Acevedo D López 1985 Reporte de un nuevo virus de la caña de azúcar Ciencias de la Agricultura 23 130
98. A Rouhibakhsh VG Malathi 2005 Severe leaf crinkle disease of cowpea - a new disease of cowpea in northern India caused by Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus and satellite DNAβ Plant Pathol 54 259
99. Sadhale N (trans) (1996) Surpala's Vrikshayurveda (The science of plant life by Surpala). Agri-History Bulletin no. 1: Asian Agri-History Foundation, Secunderabad, India, 104 pp
100. RS Sangwan N Rishi 2004 Genetics of resistance to cowpea yellow mosaic virus in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Ind J Mycol Pl Path 34 620 622
101. A Sankaralingam VK Baranwal YS Ahlawat R Devi M Ramiah 2006 RT-PCR detection and molecular characterization of Banana bract mosaic virus from the pseudostem and bract of banana Arch Phytopathol Plant Prot 39 273 281
102. YR Sarma G Kiranmai P Sreenivasalu M Anandaraj M Hema M Venkataramana AK Murthy DVR Reddy 2001 Partial characterization and identification of a virus associated with stunt disease of black pepper (Piper nigrum) in India Curr Sci 80 459 462
103. KSM Sastry 1964 A new strain of CAV from India Indian J Microbiol 4 37 40
104. Selvarajan R, Balasubramanian V (2008) Banana viruses. In: Rao GP et al (eds) Characterization, diagnosis and management of plant viruses, vol 2, horticultural crops. Studium Press, Houston, pp 109-124
105. R Selvarajan KJ Jeyabaskaran 2006 Effect of Banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) on growth and yield of cultivar Nendran (plantain, AAB) Indian Phytopath 59 496 500
106. Selvarajan R, Singh HP (1997) Occurrence, geographical distribution and electron microscopy of BBMV in India. In: Proceedings international conference on integrated disease management for sustainable agriculture, New Delhi, 11-15 Nov, 1997
107. Selvarajan R, Balasubramanian V, Dayakar S, Sathaimoorthy S, Ahlawat YS (2004) Simultaneous detection of Indian isolates of Banana bunchy top virus, Banana streak virus and Banana bract mosaic virus by multiplex-PCR technique. In: Proceedings of national seminar on banana industry-present scenario and future strategies at the Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyala, FTC, Kalyani, West Bengal, India, 11-13 June 2004
108. Selvarajan R, Balasubramanian V, Sathiamoorthy S (2006) Vector transmission of banana bract mosaic and banana streak viruses in India. In: XVI Annual convention and international symposium on management of vector-borne viruses, Indian Virological Society, ICRISAT, Hyderabad, 7-10 Feb 2006, 110 pp (abst)
109. Selvarajan R, Balasubramanian V, Rajesh T, Lakshmi Dhevi N, Rajmohan R, Mustaffa MM (2007) Cloning and sequence analysis of complete genome of BBTV infecting Hill banana in India. In: International conference on emerging and re-emerging viral diseases of the tropics and sub-tropics, 11-14 Dec 2007, New Delhi
110. BR Sharma TS Dhillon 1983 Genetics of resistance to yellow vein mosaic virus in inter-specific crosses of okra Genet Agrar 37 267 275
111. P Sharma N Rishi 2007 Cotton leaf curl disease, an emerging whitefly transmissible begomovirus complex Plant Viruses 1 127 134
112. Sharma P, Rishi N (2008) Cotton leaf curl begomovirus. In: Rao GP, Khurana SMP, Lenardon SL (eds) Characterization, diagnosis and management of plant viruses, vol 1. Studium Press, Houston, pp 361-378
113. AR Sherpa V Hallan R Ram SP Vij P Pathak ID Garg AA Zaidi 2003 First report of Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) in orchids from India Plant Pathol 52 788
114. AR Sherpa TK Bag V Hallan AA Zaidi 2006 Detection of Odontoglossum ringspot virus in orchids from Sikkim, India Australas Plant Pathol 35 69 71
115. AR Sherpa V Hallan P Pathak AA Zaidi 2006 Characterization of the coat protein gene of Cymbidium mosaic virus isolates from India J Phytopathol 154 275 280
116. Shukla DD, Ward CW, Brunt AA (1994) The Potyviridae. CAB Int, Wallingford, 516 pp
117. S Siju AI Bhat PS Hareesh 2008 Identification and characterization of a Badnavirus infecting betel vine and Indian long pepper J Plant Biochem Biotech 17 73 76
118. Singh HP (2000) Current status of floriculture-national and international scenario. In: Singh HP, Dadlani NK (eds) Commercial floriculture. FAO and DAC, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, New Delhi, pp 1-26
119. Singh HP (2007) Research and development of banana and plantain in India. Adopted from Souvenir for National Conference on Banana Production and Utilization of Banana for Economic Livelihood and Nutritional Security, 25-28 Oct 2007
120. M Singh RK Gaur GP Rao 2003 Distribution of sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus in India J Mycol Plant Pathol 33 406 410
121. L Singh V Hallan N Zabeen AK Singh R Ram DP Martin AA Zaidi 2007 Coat protein gene diversity among Chrysanthemum virus B isolates from India Arch Virol 152 405 413
122. MK Singh AR Sherpa V Hallan AA Zaidi 2007 A potyvirus in Cymbidium spp. in northern India Australas Plant Pathol Notes 2 11 13
123. GR Smith JA Handley RM Harding JL Dale CF Gambley KS Braithwaite 1996 Variability in sugarcane bacilliform and mosaic viruses and consequences for diagnosis Proc Int Soc Sugar Cane Technol 23 390 396
124. KM Srivastava SK Raj BP Singh 1992 Properties of a Cucumber mosaic virus strain spontaneously infecting chrysanthemum in India Plant Dis 76 474 477
125. Usha R (2008) Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus. In: Rao GP, Kumar PL, Holguín-Peña RJ (eds) Characterization, diagnosis & management of plant viruses, vol 3. Studium Press, Houston, pp 387-392
126. KS Usharani B Surendranath QMR Haq VG Malathi 2004 Yellow mosaic virus infecting soybean in northern India is distinct from the species infecting soybean in southern and western India Curr Sci 86 845 850
127. DHM van Slogteren NP De Vos FA Hakkaart 1962 Serological relationship of chrysanthemum virus B to carnation latent virus and potato viruses M and S Nature 195 835 836
128. Varghese MK (1934) Diseases of coconut palm. Department of Agriculture Fisheries, Travancore, 105 pp
129. Varma A, Dhar AK, Mandal B (1992) MYMV transmission and its control in India. In: Green SK, Kin D (eds) Mungbean yellow mosaic diseases. Asian Vegetable Research and Development Centre, Taipei, pp 8-27
130. N Verma A Sharma R Ram V Hallan AA Zaidi ID Garg 2003 Detection, identification and incidence of Chrysanthemum B carlavirus in chrysanthemum in India Crop Prot 22 425 429
131. Verma N, Kumar K, Kulshrestha Raikhy G, Hallan V, Ram R, Zaidi AA, Garg ID (2007) Molecular studies on Tomato aspermy virus isolates infecting chrysanthemum. Arch Phytopathol Plant Prot. doi: 10.1080/03235400600951779
132. R Viswanathan MN Premachandran 1998 Occurrence and distribution of Sugarcane bacilliform virus in the sugarcane germplasm collection in India Sugar Cane 6 9 18
133. R Viswanathan KC Alexander ID Garg 1996 Detection of Sugarcane bacilliform virus in sugarcane germplasm Acta Virol 40 5 8
134. AA Zaidi R Ram SNH Zaidi D Mukherjee 1993 Diagnosis of viruses in some ornamental plants with special reference to serological methods: new developments Indian Rev Life Sci 13 157 174
135. X Zhou Y Liu DJ Robinson BD Harrison 1998 Four DNA-A variants among Pakistani isolates of cotton leaf curl virus and their affinities to DNA-A of geminivirus isolates from okra J Gen Virol 79 915 923