Effects of age and stocking density on the welfare of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell

Aquaculture

Volumn 288, Issue 1-2, 2009, Pages 69-75

  van de Nieuwegiessen, Pascal G ^a   Olwo, Jacob ^a   Khong, Sophoan ^a   Verreth, Johan A J ^a   Schrama, Johan W ^a  

^a WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

African catfish; Behaviour; Clarias gariepinus; Stocking density; Stress response; Welfare

Indexed keywords

AGE; ANIMAL WELFARE; ASSESSMENT METHOD; BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE; DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE; GROWTH RESPONSE; HANDLING STRESS; LIFE CYCLE; STOCKING DENSITY; TELEOST;

CLARIAS GARIEPINUS;

EID: 59249104142     PISSN: 00448486     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.11.009     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Almazán Rueda P. Towards Assessment of Welfare in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus: the first step, Fish Culture & Fisheries Group, Wageningen Institute for Animal Sciences (2004), Wageningen University, The Netherlands 152
2. Anonymous. Report on the Welfare of Farmed Fish (1996), Farm Animal Welfare Council, Surbiton
3. Appelbaum S., and Kamler E. Survival, growth, metabolism and behaviour of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) early stages under different light conditions. Aquac. Eng. 22 (2000) 269-287
4. Bruton M.N. Food and feeding behaviour of Clarias gariepinus Pisces Clariidae in Lake Sibaya South Africa with emphasis on its role as a predator of cichlids. Trans. Zool. Soc. 35 (1979) 47-114
5. Dawkins M.S., Donnelly C.A., and Jones T.A. Chicken welfare is influenced more by housing conditions than by stocking density. Nature 427 (2004) 342-344
6. Ellis T., James J.D., Scott A.P., and Stewart C. A non-invasive stress assay based upon measurement of free cortisol released into the water by rainbow trout. J. Fish Biol. 65 (2004) 1233-1252
7. Ellis T., North B., Scott A.P., Bromage N.R., Porter M., and Gadd D. The relationships between stocking density and welfare in farmed rainbow trout. J. Fish Biol. 61 (2002) 493-531
8. Ewing R.D., and Ewing S.K. Review of the effects of rearing density on survival to adulthood for Pacific salmon. Prog. Fish-Cult. 57 (1995) 1-25
9. FSBI, 2002. Fish Welfare. Briefing Paper 2. Fisheries Society of the British Isles, Granta Information Systems, 82A High Street, Cambridge, pp. 25.
10. Haylor G.S. Controlled hatchery production of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822): growth and survival of fry at high stocking density. Aquacult. Fish. Manage. 22 (1991) 405-422
11. Haylor G.S. Controlled hatchery production of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell): an overview. Aquacult. Fish. Manage. 24 (1993) 245-252
12. Hecht T., and Appelbaum S. Observations on intraspecific aggression and coeval sibling cannibalism by larval and juvenile Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae: Pisces) under controlled conditions. J. Zool. 214 (1988) 21-44
13. Hecht T., and Uys W. Effect of density on the feeding and aggressive behaviour in juvenile African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. S. Afr. J. Sci. 93 (1997) 537-541
14. Hossain M.A.R., Beveridge M.C.M., and Haylor G.S. The effects of density, light and shelter on the growth and survival of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) fingerlings. Aquaculture 160 (1998) 251-258
15. Jørgensen E.H., Christiansen J.S., and Jobling M. Effects of stocking density on food intake, growth performance and oxygen consumption in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). Aquaculture 110 (1993) 191-204
16. Kaiser H., Weyl O., and Hecht T. Observations on agonistic behavior of Clarias gariepinus larvae and juveniles under different densities and feeding frequencies in a controlled environment. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 11 (1995) 25-36
17. Kaiser H., Weyl O., and Hecht T. The effect of stocking density on growth, survival and agonistic behaviour of African catfish. Aquacult. Int. 3 (1995) 217-225
18. Lymbery, P., 1992. The Welfare of Farmed Fish. A Compassion in World Farming Report, Petersfield, Hampshire.
19. Lymbery, P., 2002. In too deep - the welfare of intensively farmed fish. A Compassion in World Farming Report, Petersfield, Hampshire.
20. Martins C.I.M., Schrama J.W., and Verreth J.A.J. The effect of group composition on the welfare of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 97 (2006) 323-334
21. Merron G.S. Pack-hunting in 2 species of catfish, Clarias gariepinus and C. ngamensis, in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. J. Fish Biol. 43 (1993) 575-584
22. Montero D., Izquierdo M.S., Tort L., Robaina L., and Vergara J.M. High stocking density produces crowding stress altering some physiological and biochemical parameters in gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, juveniles. Fish Physiol. Biochem. 20 (1999) 53-60
23. Naylor R.L., Goldburg R.J., Primavera J.H., Kautsky N., Beveridge M.C.M., Clay J., Folke C., Lubchenco J., Mooney H., and Troell M. Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies. Nature 405 (2000) 1017-1024
24. Oellerman L.K. A comparison of the aquaculture potential of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and its hybrid with Heterobranchus longifilis, Valenciennes, 1840 in southern Africa (1996), Rhodes University, South Africa, Grahamstown 147
25. Pickering A.D., and Pottinger T.G. Poor water quality suppresses the cortisol response of salmonids fish to handling and confinement. J. Fish Biol. 30 (1987) 363-374
26. Pottinger T.G. Changes in blood cortisol, glucose and lactate in carp retained in anglers' keepnets. J. Fish Biol. 53 (1998) 728-742
27. Ruane N.M., Huisman E.A., and Komen J. Plasma cortisol and metabolite level profiles in two isogenic strains of common carp during confinement. J. Fish Biol. 59 (2001) 1-12
28. SAS. SASOnlineDoc®, Version 8 (1999), SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA
29. Sumpter J.P., Pickering A.D., and Pottinger T.G. Stress-induced elevation of trout α-MSH, and endorphin in brown trout, Salmo trutta L. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 59 (1985) 257-265
30. Turnbull J., Bell A., Adams C., Bron J., and Huntingford F. Stocking density and welfare of cage farmed Atlantic salmon: application of a multivariate analysis. Aquaculture 243 (2005) 121-132
31. Trevorrow M.V., and Claytor R.R. Detection of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) schools in shallow waters using high frequency sidescan sonars. Can. J. Fish Aquat. Sci. 55 (1998) 1419-1429
32. Van de Nieuwegiessen P.G., Boerlage A.S., Schrama J.W., and Verreth J.A.J. Assessing the effects of a chronic stressor, stocking density, on welfare indicators of juvenile African catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 115 (2008) 233-243