Cap removal and shortening of double-walled and very-thin multi-walled carbon nanotubes under mild oxidative conditions

Carbon

Volumn 47, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 675-682

  Marega, Riccardo ^a   Accorsi, Gianluca ^c   Meneghetti, Moreno ^b   Parisini, Andrea ^c   Prato, Maurizio ^a   Bonifazi, Davide ^a,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TRIESTE   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

^c CNR   (Italy)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NAMUR   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (MWCN); NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOTUBES;

AVERAGE VALUES; CAP REMOVALS; CARBON-BASED MATERIALS; DOUBLE-WALLED; ENDOHEDRAL; FUNCTIONALIZATION; IMPURITY CONTENTS; MULTI-WALLED; OXIDATION TREATMENTS; OXIDATIVE CONDITIONS; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATIONS; TEM OBSERVATIONS; THIN MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES;

CARBON NANOTUBES;

EID: 58849154949     PISSN: 00086223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2008.10.049     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Iijima S. Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature 354 6348 (1991) 56-58
2. Iijima S., and Ichihashi T. Single-shell carbon nanotubes of 1 nm diameter. Nature 363 6430 (1993) 603-605
3. Bethune D.S., Kiang C.H., de Vries M.S., Gorman G., Savoy R., Vazquez J., et al. Cobalt-catalyzed growth of carbon nanotubes with single-atomic-layerwalls. Nature 363 6430 (1993) 605-607
4. Lahr B., and Sandler J. Carbon nanotubes - high-strength reinforcing compounds for composites. Kunststoffe-Plast Europe 90 1 (2000) A94-A100
5. Guldi D.M. Materials science - nanotubes see the light. Nature 447 7140 (2007) 50-51
6. Guldi D.M., Rahman A., Sgobba V., and Ehli C. Multifunctional molecular carbon materials - from fullerenes to carbon nanotubes. Chem Soc Rev 35 5 (2006) 471-487
7. Sgobba V., and Guldi D.M. Carbon nanotubes as integrative materials for organic photovoltaic devices. J Mater Chem 18 2 (2008) 153-157
8. White C.T., and Todorov T.N. Quantum electronics - nanotubes go ballistic. Nature 411 6838 (2001) 649-651
9. Long R.Q., and Yang R.T. Carbon nanotubes as a superior sorbent for nitrogen oxides. Ind Eng Chem Res 40 20 (2001) 4288-4291
10. Bianco A., and Prato M. Can carbon nanotubes be considered useful tools for biological applications?. Adv Mater 15 20 (2003) 1765-1768
11. Bradbury J. Beyond pills and jabs - researchers develop new ways to get drugs to the right place at the right time. Lancet 362 9400 (2003) 1984-1985
12. Allen T.M., and Cullis P.R. Drug delivery systems: entering the mainstream. Science 303 5665 (2004) 1818-1822
13. Martin C.R., and Kohli P. The emerging field of nanotube biotechnology. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2 1 (2003) 29-37
14. Cai H., Cao X.N., Jiang Y., He P.G., and Fang Y.Z. Carbon nanotube-enhanced electrochemical DNA biosensor for DNA hybridization detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 375 2 (2003) 287-293
15. Gooding J.J., Wibowo R., Liu J.Q., Yang W.R., Losic D., Orbons S., et al. Protein electrochemistry using aligned carbon nanotube arrays. J Am Chem Soc 125 30 (2003) 9006-9007
16. Patolsky F., Weizmann Y., and Willner I. Long-range electrical contacting of redox enzymes by SWCNT connectors. Angew Chem Int Ed 43 16 (2004) 2113-2117
17. Wang J., Liu G.D., and Jan M.R. Ultrasensitive electrical biosensing of proteins and DNA: Carbon-nanotube derived amplification of the recognition and transduction events. J Am Chem Soc 126 10 (2004) 3010-3011
18. Williams K.A., Veenhuizen P.T.M., de la Torre B.G., Eritja R., and Dekker C. Nanotechnology - carbon nanotubes with DNA recognition. Nature 420 6917 (2002) 761
19. Mitchell D.T., Lee S.B., Trofin L., Li N.C., Nevanen T.K., Soderlund H., et al. Smart nanotubes for bioseparations and biocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 124 40 (2002) 11864-11865
20. Kam N.W.S., and Dai H. Carbon nanotubes as intracellular protein transporters: generality and biological functionality. J Am Chem Soc 127 16 (2005) 6021-6026
21. Pantarotto D., Singh R., McCarthy D., Erhardt M., Briand J.P., Prato M., et al. Functionalized carbon nanotubes for plasmid DNA gene delivery. Angew Chem Int Ed 43 39 (2004) 5242-5246
22. Liu Z., Winters M., Holodniy M., and Dai H. SiRNA delivery into human T cells and primary cells with carbon-nanotube transporters. Angew Chem Int Ed 46 12 (2007) 2023-2027
23. Pantarotto D., Partidos C.D., Graff R., Hoebeke J., Briand J.P., Prato M., et al. Synthesis, structural characterization, and immunological properties of carbon nanotubes functionalized with peptides. J Am Chem Soc 125 20 (2003) 6160-6164
24. Pantarotto D., Briand J.P., Prato M., and Bianco A. Translocation of bioactive peptides across cell membranes by carbon nanotubes. Chem Commun 1 (2004) 16-17
25. Prato M., Kostarelos K., and Bianco A. Functionalized carbon nanotubes in drug design and discovery. Acc Chem Res 41 1 (2008) 60-68
26. Bottini M., Cerignoli F., Dawson M.I., Magrini A., Rosato N., and Mustelin T. Full-length single-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with streptavidin-conjugated quantum dots as multivalent intracellular fluorescent nanoprobes. Biomacromolecules 7 8 (2006) 2259-2263
27. Accorsi G., Armaroli N., Parisini A., Meneghetti M., Marega R., Prato M., et al. Wet adsorption of a luminescent Eu(III) complex on carbon nanotubes sidewalls. Adv Funct Mater 17 15 (2007) 2975-2982
28. Rowan S.J., Cantrill S.J., Cousins G.R.L., Sanders J.K.M., and Stoddart J.F. Dynamic covalent chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed 41 6 (2002) 898-903
29. Thess A., Lee R., Nikolaev P., Dai H., Petit P., Robert J., et al. Crystalline ropes of metallic carbon nanotubes. Science 273 5274 (1996) 484-488
30. Amelinckx S., Zhang X.B., Bernaerts D., Zhang X.F., Ivanov V., and Nagy J.B. A formation mechanism for catalytically grown helix-shaped graphite nanotubes. Science 265 5172 (1994) 635-639
31. Nikolaev P., Bronikowski M.J., Bradley R.K., Rohmund F., Colbert D.T., Smith K.A., et al. Gas-phase catalytic growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes from carbon monoxide. Chem Phys Lett 313 1-2 (1999) 91-94
32. Tasis D., Tagmatarchis N., Bianco A., and Prato M. Chemistry of carbon nanotubes. Chem Rev 106 (2006) 1105-1136
33. Liu J., Rinzler A.G., Dai H.J., Hafner J.H., Bradley R.K., Boul P.J., et al. Fullerene pipes. Science 280 5367 (1998) 1253-1256
34. Wiltshire J.G., Khlobystov A.N., Li L.J., Lyapin S.G., Briggs G.A.D., and Nicholas R.J. Comparative studies on acid and thermal based selective purification of HiPCO produced single-walled carbon nanotubes. Chem Phys Lett 386 4-6 (2004) 239-243
35. Sun X.G., and Zeng X.S. An investigation on the purification of multiwall carbon nanotubes by oxidation in air. New Carbon Mater 19 1 (2004) 65-68
36. Smith M.R., Hedges S.W., LaCount R., Kern D., Shah N., Huffman G.P., et al. Selective oxidation of single-walled carbon nanotubes using carbon dioxide. Carbon 41 6 (2003) 1221-1230
37. Sen R., Rickard S.M., Itkis M.E., and Haddon R.C. Controlled purification of single-walled carbon nanotube films by use of selective oxidation and near-IR spectroscopy. Chem Mater 15 22 (2003) 4273-4279
38. Martinez M.T., Callejas M.A., Benito A.M., Cochet M., Seeger T., Anson A., et al. Modifications of single-wall carbon nanotubes upon oxidative purification treatments. Nanotechnology 14 7 (2003) 691-695
39. Lafi L., Cossement D., and Chahine R. Raman spectroscopy and nitrogen vapour adsorption for the study of structural changes during purification of single-wall carbon nanotubes. Carbon 43 7 (2005) 1347-1357
40. Chikkannanavar S.B., Luzzi D.E., Paulson S., and Johnson A.T. Synthesis of peapods using substrate-grown SWNTs and DWNTs: an enabling step toward peapod devices. Nano Lett 5 1 (2005) 151-155
41. Zhang X.F., Cao A.Y., Sun Q.H., Xu C.L., and Wu D.H. Oxidation and opening of well-aligned carbon nanotube tips. Mater Trans 43 7 (2002) 1707-1710
42. Khlobystov A.N., Britz D.A., Andre G., and Briggs D. Molecules in carbon nanotubes. Acc Chem Res 38 12 (2005) 901-909
43. Ziegler K.J., Gu Z.N., Shaver J., Chen Z.Y., Flor E.L., Schmidt D.J., et al. Cutting single-walled carbon nanotubes. Nanotechnology 16 7 (2005) S539-S544
44. Ziegler K.J., Gu Z., Peng H., Flor E.L., Hauge R.H., and Smalley R.E. Controlled oxidative cutting of single-walled carbon nanotubes. J Am Chem Soc 127 5 (2005) 1541-1547
45. Bonifazi D., Nacci C., Marega R., Campidelli S., Ceballos G., Modesti S., et al. Microscopic and spectroscopic characterization of paintbrush-like single-walled carbon nanotubes. Nano Lett 6 7 (2006) 1408-1414
46. Dillon A.C., Parilla P.A., Alleman J.L., Gennett T., Jones K.M., and Heben M.J. Systematic inclusion of defects in pure carbon single-wall nanotubes and their effect on the Raman D-band. Chem Phys Lett 401 4-6 (2005) 522-528
47. Bom D., Andrews R., Jacques D., Anthony J., Chen B.L., Meier M.S., et al. Thermogravimetric analysis of the oxidation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes: evidence for the role of defect sites in carbon nanotube chemistry. Nano Lett 2 6 (2002) 615-619
48. McKee G.S.B., and Vecchio K.S. Thermogravimetric analysis of synthesis variation effects on CVD generated multiwalled carbon nanotubes. J Phys Chem B 110 3 (2006) 1179-1186
49. Landi B.J., Cress C.D., Evans C.M., and Raffaelle R.P. Thermal oxidation profiling of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Chem Mater 17 26 (2005) 6819-6834
50. In: Dresselhaus M.S., Dresselhaus G., and Avouris P. (Eds). Carbon nanotubes, synthesis, structure, and applications (2001), Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg
51. Kataura H., Kumazawa Y., Kojima N., Umezu I., Masubuchi S., Kazama S., et al. Optical properties of single-wall carbon nanotubes. Synth Met 103 (1999) 2555-2558
52. Maultzsch J., Telg H., Reich S., and Thomsen C. Radial breathing mode of single-walled carbon nanotubes: optical transition energies and chiral-index assignment. Phys Rev B 72 20 (2005) 205438.1-205438.16
53. Menna E., Della Negra F., Dalla Fontana M., and Meneghetti M. Selectivity of chemical oxidation attack of single-wall carbon nanotubes in solution. Phys Rev B 68 19 (2003) 193412.1-193412.4
54. Marcolongo G., Ruaro G., Gobbo M., and Meneghetti M. Amino acid functionalization of double-wall carbon nanotubes studied by Raman spectroscopy. Chem Commun 46 (2007) 4925-4927
55. Kitiyanan B., Alvarez W.E., Harwell J.H., and Resasco D.E. Controlled production of single-wall carbon nanotubes by catalytic decomposition of CO on bimetallic Co-Mo catalysts. Chem Phys Lett 317 (2000) 497-503
56. Vieira H.S., Andrada D.M., Mendonca R., Santos A.R., Martins M.D., Macedo W.A.A., et al. Decarboxylation of oxidized single-wall carbon nanotubes. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 7 10 (2007) 3421-3430
57. Trigueiro J.P.C., Silva G.G., Lavall R.L., Furtado C.A., Oliveira S., Ferlauto A.S., et al. Purity evaluation of carbon nanotube materials by thermogravimetric, TEM, and SEM methods. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 7 10 (2007) 3477-3486
58. Ziegler K.J., Schmidt D.J., Rauwald U., Shah K.N., Flor E.L., Hauge R.H., et al. Length-dependent extraction of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Nano Lett 5 12 (2005) 2355-2359
59. Xu Y.Q., Peng H.Q., Hauge R.H., and Smalley R.E. Controlled multistep purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Nano Lett 5 1 (2005) 163-168
60. Furtado C.A., Kim U.J., Gutierrez H.R., Pan L., Dickey E.C., and Eklund P.C. Debundling and dissolution of single-walled carbon nanotubes in amide solvents. J Am Chem Soc 126 19 (2004) 6095-6105
61. Edelmann F.T. Fullerene pipes, tube-in-tube membranes, and carbon-nanotube tips: adding new dimensions to molecular technology. Angew Chem Int Ed 38 10 (1999) 1381-1387
62. Venkateswaran U.D., Masica D.L., Sumanasekera G.U., Furtado C.A., Kim U.J., and Eklund P.C. Diameter dependent wall deformations during the compression of a carbon nanotube bundle. Phys Rev B 68 24 (2003) 241406-241409