메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 205-220

Exercise-mediated locomotor recovery and lower-limb neuroplasticity after stroke

Author keywords

Gait; Gait training; Hemiparesis; Locomotor; Lower limb; Motor control; Motor learning; Neuroplasticity; Neurorehabilitation; Rehabilitation; Stroke; Treadmill exercise

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL ORGANS; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROPHYSIOLOGY; PATIENT REHABILITATION; SPORTING GOODS;

EID: 58849092854     PISSN: 07487711     EISSN: 07487711     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1682/JRRD.2007.02.0034     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (61)

References (86)
  • 4
    • 0017843434 scopus 로고
    • Energy cost of ambulation in health and disability: A literature review
    • Fisher SV, Gullickson G Jr. Energy cost of ambulation in health and disability: A literature review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1978;59(3):124-133
    • (1978) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.59 , Issue.3 , pp. 124-133
    • Fisher, S.V.1    Gullickson Jr., G.2
  • 5
    • 0032694586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of daily activity on changes in physical fitness for people with post-stroke hemiplegia
    • Fujitani J, Ishikawa T, Akai M, Kakurai S. Influence of daily activity on changes in physical fitness for people with post-stroke hemiplegia. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;78(6):540-544
    • (1999) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.78 , Issue.6 , pp. 540-544
    • Fujitani, J.1    Ishikawa, T.2    Akai, M.3    Kakurai, S.4
  • 6
    • 0030012315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemiparetic gait following stroke. Part I: Characteristics
    • Olney SJ, Richards C. Hemiparetic gait following stroke. Part I: Characteristics. Gait Posture. 1996;4(2):136-148
    • (1996) Gait Posture , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 136-148
    • Olney, S.J.1    Richards, C.2
  • 7
    • 0029932810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemiparetic gait following stroke. Part II: Recovery and physical therapy
    • Richards C, Olney SJ. Hemiparetic gait following stroke. Part II: Recovery and physical therapy. Gait Posture. 1996;4(2):149-162
    • (1996) Gait Posture , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 149-162
    • Richards, C.1    Olney, S.J.2
  • 8
    • 0028859743 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of walking function in stroke patients: The Copenhagen Stroke Study
    • Jorgensen HS, Nakayama H, Raaschou HO, Olsen TS. Recovery of walking function in stroke patients: The Copenhagen Stroke Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1995;76(1):27-32.
    • (1995) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.76 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-32
    • Jorgensen, H.S.1    Nakayama, H.2    Raaschou, H.O.3    Olsen, T.S.4
  • 9
    • 33744935241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasticity from muscle to brain
    • Wolpaw JR, Carp JS. Plasticity from muscle to brain. Prog Neurobiol. 2006;78(3-5):233-263
    • (2006) Prog Neurobiol , vol.78 , Issue.3-5 , pp. 233-263
    • Wolpaw, J.R.1    Carp, J.S.2
  • 11
    • 33750532312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of constraint-induced movement therapy on upper extremity function 3 to 9 months after stroke: The EXCITE randomized clinical trial
    • EXCITE Investigators
    • Wolf SL, Winstein CJ, Miller JP, Taub E, Uswatte G, Morris D, Giuliani C, Light KE, Nichols-Larsen D; EXCITE Investigators. Effect of constraint-induced movement therapy on upper extremity function 3 to 9 months after stroke: The EXCITE randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2006;296(17):2095-2104.
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.296 , Issue.17 , pp. 2095-2104
    • Wolf, S.L.1    Winstein, C.J.2    Miller, J.P.3    Taub, E.4    Uswatte, G.5    Morris, D.6    Giuliani, C.7    Light, K.E.8    Nichols-Larsen, D.9
  • 14
    • 0035150281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional MRI evidence of cortical reorganization in upper-limb stroke hemiplegia treated with constraint-induced movement therapy
    • Levy CE, Nichols DS, Schmalbrock PM, Keller P, Chakeres DW. Functional MRI evidence of cortical reorganization in upper-limb stroke hemiplegia treated with constraint-induced movement therapy. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;80(1):4-12.
    • (2001) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.80 , Issue.1 , pp. 4-12
    • Levy, C.E.1    Nichols, D.S.2    Schmalbrock, P.M.3    Keller, P.4    Chakeres, D.W.5
  • 16
    • 0033795667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repetitive bilateral arm training with rhythmic auditory cueing improves motor function in chronic hemiparetic stroke
    • Whitall J, McCombe Waller S, Silver KH, Macko RF. Repetitive bilateral arm training with rhythmic auditory cueing improves motor function in chronic hemiparetic stroke. Stroke. 2000;31(10):2390-2395
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , Issue.10 , pp. 2390-2395
    • Whitall, J.1    McCombe Waller, S.2    Silver, K.H.3    Macko, R.F.4
  • 18
    • 0000540721 scopus 로고
    • The intrinsic factors in the act of progression in the mammal
    • Brown TG. The intrinsic factors in the act of progression in the mammal. Proc R Soc Lond (Biol). 1973;84(572):308-319
    • (1973) Proc R Soc Lond (Biol) , vol.84 , Issue.572 , pp. 308-319
    • Brown, T.G.1
  • 19
    • 0024309897 scopus 로고
    • The effects of body weight support on the locomotor pattern on spastic paretic patients
    • Visintin M, Barbeau H. The effects of body weight support on the locomotor pattern on spastic paretic patients. Can J Neurol Sci. 1989;16(3):315-325
    • (1989) Can J Neurol Sci , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 315-325
    • Visintin, M.1    Barbeau, H.2
  • 20
    • 0031799182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new approach to retrain gait in stroke patients through body weight support and treadmill stimulation
    • Visintin M, Barbeau H, Korner-Bitensky N, Mayo NE. A new approach to retrain gait in stroke patients through body weight support and treadmill stimulation. Stroke. 1998;29(6):1122-1128
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , Issue.6 , pp. 1122-1128
    • Visintin, M.1    Barbeau, H.2    Korner-Bitensky, N.3    Mayo, N.E.4
  • 21
    • 0033509040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of treadmill locomotor training with partial body weight support: A neurophysiologically sound approach whose time has come for randomized clinical trials
    • Dobkin BH. An overview of treadmill locomotor training with partial body weight support: A neurophysiologically sound approach whose time has come for randomized clinical trials. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 1999;13(3):157-165
    • (1999) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 157-165
    • Dobkin, B.H.1
  • 24
    • 0141963201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal outcomes obtained with body-weight support combined with treadmill training in stroke subjects
    • Barbeau H, Visintin M. Optimal outcomes obtained with body-weight support combined with treadmill training in stroke subjects. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84(10):1458-1465
    • (2003) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.84 , Issue.10 , pp. 1458-1465
    • Barbeau, H.1    Visintin, M.2
  • 25
    • 0028000306 scopus 로고
    • Restoration of gait in nonambulatory hemiparetic patients by treadmill training with partial body-weight support
    • Hesse S, Bertelt C, Schaffrin A, Malezic M, Mauritz KH. Restoration of gait in nonambulatory hemiparetic patients by treadmill training with partial body-weight support. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1994;75(10):1087-1093
    • (1994) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.75 , Issue.10 , pp. 1087-1093
    • Hesse, S.1    Bertelt, C.2    Schaffrin, A.3    Malezic, M.4    Mauritz, K.H.5
  • 26
    • 0036901435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treadmill training with partial body weight support and an electromechanical gait trainer for restoration of gait in subacute stroke patients: A randomized crossover study
    • DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000035734.61539.F6
    • Werner C, Von Frankenberg S, Trieg T, Konrad M, Hesse S. Treadmill training with partial body weight support and an electromechanical gait trainer for restoration of gait in subacute stroke patients: A randomised crossover study. Stroke. 2002;33(12):2895-2901. [PMID: 12468788] (Pubitemid 35462863)
    • (2002) Stroke , vol.33 , Issue.12 , pp. 2895-2901
    • Werner, C.1    Von Frankenberg, S.2    Treig, T.3    Konrad, M.4    Hesse, S.5
  • 27
    • 0034352187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treadmill training of paraplegic patients using a robotic orthosis
    • Colombo G, Joerg M, Schreier R, Dietz V. Treadmill training of paraplegic patients using a robotic orthosis. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2000;37(6):693-700.
    • (2000) J Rehabil Res Dev , vol.37 , Issue.6 , pp. 693-700
    • Colombo, G.1    Joerg, M.2    Schreier, R.3    Dietz, V.4
  • 28
    • 34249912005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective, blinded, randomized crossover study of gait rehabilitation in stroke patients using the Lokomat gait orthosis
    • Mayr A, Kofler M, Quirbach E, Matzak H, Fröhlich K, Saltuari L. Prospective, blinded, randomized crossover study of gait rehabilitation in stroke patients using the Lokomat gait orthosis. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2007;21(4):307-314
    • (2007) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 307-314
    • Mayr, A.1    Kofler, M.2    Quirbach, E.3    Matzak, H.4    Fröhlich, K.5    Saltuari, L.6
  • 29
    • 33846569454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of locomotion training with assistance of a robot-driven gait orthosis in hemiparetic patients after stroke: A randomized controlled pilot study
    • Husemann B, Müller F, Krewer C, Heller S, Koenig E. Effects of locomotion training with assistance of a robot-driven gait orthosis in hemiparetic patients after stroke: A randomized controlled pilot study. Stroke. 2007;38(2):349-354
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 349-354
    • Husemann, B.1    Müller, F.2    Krewer, C.3    Heller, S.4    Koenig, E.5
  • 30
    • 38149080731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot study of randomized clinical controlled trial of gait training in subacute stroke patients with partial body-weight support electromechanical gait trainer and functional electrical stimulation: Six-month follow-up
    • Ng MFW, Tong RKY, Li LSW. A pilot study of randomized clinical controlled trial of gait training in subacute stroke patients with partial body-weight support electromechanical gait trainer and functional electrical stimulation: Six-month follow-up. Stroke. 2008;39:154-160
    • (2008) Stroke , vol.39 , pp. 154-160
    • Ng, M.F.W.1    Tong, R.K.Y.2    Li, L.S.W.3
  • 31
    • 35348924271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gait training combining partial body-weight support, a treadmill, and functional electrical stimulation: Effects on poststroke gait
    • Lindquist AR, Prado CL, Barros RM, Mattioli R, Da Costa PH, Salvini TF. Gait training combining partial body-weight support, a treadmill, and functional electrical stimulation: Effects on poststroke gait. Phys Ther. 2007;87(9):1144-1154
    • (2007) Phys Ther , vol.87 , Issue.9 , pp. 1144-1154
    • Lindquist, A.R.1    Prado, C.L.2    Barros, R.M.3    Mattioli, R.4    Da Costa, P.H.5    Salvini, T.F.6
  • 32
    • 26444595595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treadmill exercise rehabilitation improves ambulatory function and cardiovascular fitness in patients with chronic stroke: A randomized, controlled trial
    • Macko RF, Ivey FM, Forrester LW, Hanley D, Sorkin JD, Katzel LI, Silver KH, Goldberg AP. Treadmill exercise rehabilitation improves ambulatory function and cardiovascular fitness in patients with chronic stroke: A randomized, controlled trial. Stroke. 2005;36(10):2206-2211
    • (2005) Stroke , vol.36 , Issue.10 , pp. 2206-2211
    • Macko, R.F.1    Ivey, F.M.2    Forrester, L.W.3    Hanley, D.4    Sorkin, J.D.5    Katzel, L.I.6    Silver, K.H.7    Goldberg, A.P.8
  • 33
    • 0031034857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treadmill aerobic exercise training reduces the energy expenditure and cardiovascular demands of hemiparetic gait in chronic stroke patients: A preliminary report
    • Macko RF, DeSouza CA, Tretter LD, Silver KH, Smith GV, Anderson PA, Tomoyasu N, Gorman P, Dengel DR. Treadmill aerobic exercise training reduces the energy expenditure and cardiovascular demands of hemiparetic gait in chronic stroke patients. A preliminary report. Stroke. 1997;28(2):326-330 [PMID: 9040684] (Pubitemid 27096999)
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 326-330
    • Macko, R.F.1    DeSouza, C.A.2    Tretter, L.D.3    Silver, K.H.4    Smith, G.V.5    Anderson, P.A.6    Tomoyasu, N.7    Gorman, P.8    Dengel, D.R.9
  • 35
    • 63249098239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of treadmill exercise training on spatial and temporal gait parameters in subjects with chronic stroke: A preliminary report
    • Patterson SL, Rodgers MM, Macko RF, Forrester LW. Effect of treadmill exercise training on spatial and temporal gait parameters in subjects with chronic stroke: A preliminary report. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2008;45(2):221-228
    • (2008) J Rehabil Res Dev , vol.45 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-228
    • Patterson, S.L.1    Rodgers, M.M.2    Macko, R.F.3    Forrester, L.W.4
  • 36
    • 0036264713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Step training with body weight support: Effect of treadmill speed and practice paradigms on poststroke locomotor recovery
    • Sullivan KJ, Knowlton BJ, Dobkin BH. Step training with body weight support: Effect of treadmill speed and practice paradigms on poststroke locomotor recovery. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;83(5):683-691
    • (2002) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.83 , Issue.5 , pp. 683-691
    • Sullivan, K.J.1    Knowlton, B.J.2    Dobkin, B.H.3
  • 37
    • 0036161166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speed-dependent treadmill training in ambulatory hemiparetic stroke subjects: A randomized controlled trial
    • Pohl M, Mehrholz PT, Ritschel C, Ruckriem S. Speed-dependent treadmill training in ambulatory hemiparetic stroke subjects: A randomized controlled trial. Stroke. 2002;33(2):553-558
    • (2002) Stroke , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 553-558
    • Pohl, M.1    Mehrholz, P.T.2    Ritschel, C.3    Ruckriem, S.4
  • 38
    • 33845513189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of treadmill inclination on the gait of ambulatory hemiparetic subjects
    • Werner C, Lindquist AR, Bardeleben A, Hesse S. The influence of treadmill inclination on the gait of ambulatory hemiparetic subjects. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2007;21(1):76-80.
    • (2007) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 76-80
    • Werner, C.1    Lindquist, A.R.2    Bardeleben, A.3    Hesse, S.4
  • 39
    • 34447644931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor adaptation on a split-belt treadmill can improve walking symmetry post-stroke
    • Reisman DS, Wityk R, Silver K, Bastian AJ. Locomotor adaptation on a split-belt treadmill can improve walking symmetry post-stroke. Brain. 2007;130(7):1861-1872
    • (2007) Brain , vol.130 , Issue.7 , pp. 1861-1872
    • Reisman, D.S.1    Wityk, R.2    Silver, K.3    Bastian, A.J.4
  • 41
    • 33748203061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal and brain control of human walking: Implications for retraining of walking
    • Yang JF, Gorassini M. Spinal and brain control of human walking: Implications for retraining of walking. Neuroscientist. 2006;12(5):379-389
    • (2006) Neuroscientist , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 379-389
    • Yang, J.F.1    Gorassini, M.2
  • 42
    • 0024600128 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of somatosensory evoked and motor evoked potentials in stroke
    • MacDonnell RA, Donnan GA, Bladin PF. A comparison of somatosensory evoked and motor evoked potentials in stroke. Ann Neurol. 1989;25(1):68-73.
    • (1989) Ann Neurol , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 68-73
    • MacDonnell, R.A.1    Donnan, G.A.2    Bladin, P.F.3
  • 43
    • 0028865599 scopus 로고
    • Motor evoked potential changes in ischaemic stroke depend on stroke location
    • Misra UK, Kalita J. Motor evoked potential changes in ischaemic stroke depend on stroke location. J Neurol Sci. 1995;134(1-2):67-72.
    • (1995) J Neurol Sci , vol.134 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 67-72
    • Misra, U.K.1    Kalita, J.2
  • 44
    • 6544235187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central motor conduction in hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy and hereditary spastic paraplegia
    • Cruz Martinez A, Tejada J. Central motor conduction in hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy and hereditary spastic paraplegia. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1999;39(6):331-335
    • (1999) Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 331-335
    • Cruz Martinez, A.1    Tejada, J.2
  • 45
    • 0033925496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of central conduction time and motor evoked response amplitude in predicting stroke outcome
    • Palliyath S. Role of central conduction time and motor evoked response amplitude in predicting stroke outcome. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 2000;40(5):315-320
    • (2000) Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.40 , Issue.5 , pp. 315-320
    • Palliyath, S.1
  • 46
    • 9244222695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immediate and long-term changes in corticomotor output in response to rehabilitation: Correlation with functional improvements in chronic stroke
    • Koski L, Mernar TJ, Dobkin BH. Immediate and long-term changes in corticomotor output in response to rehabilitation: Correlation with functional improvements in chronic stroke. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2004;18(4):230-249
    • (2004) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 230-249
    • Koski, L.1    Mernar, T.J.2    Dobkin, B.H.3
  • 47
  • 48
    • 0036900088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor outcome after subcortical stroke: MEPs correlate with hand strength but not dexterity
    • Thickbroom GW, Byrnes ML, Archer SA, Mastaglia FL. Motor outcome after subcortical stroke: MEPs correlate with hand strength but not dexterity. Clin Neurophysiol. 2002;113(12):2025-2029
    • (2002) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.113 , Issue.12 , pp. 2025-2029
    • Thickbroom, G.W.1    Byrnes, M.L.2    Archer, S.A.3    Mastaglia, F.L.4
  • 49
    • 0032762208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of fast corticospinal input to the voluntary activation of proximal muscles in normal subjects and in stroke patients
    • Turton A, Lemon RN. The contribution of fast corticospinal input to the voluntary activation of proximal muscles in normal subjects and in stroke patients. Exp Brain Res. 1999;129(4):559-572
    • (1999) Exp Brain Res , vol.129 , Issue.4 , pp. 559-572
    • Turton, A.1    Lemon, R.N.2
  • 50
    • 31444441734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of treadmill training on transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced excitability to quadriceps after stroke
    • Forrester LW, Hanley DF, Macko RF. Effects of treadmill training on transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced excitability to quadriceps after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006;87(2):229-234
    • (2006) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.87 , Issue.2 , pp. 229-234
    • Forrester, L.W.1    Hanley, D.F.2    Macko, R.F.3
  • 51
    • 0030955763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticospinal input in human gait: Modulation of magnetically evoked motor responses
    • Schubert M, Curt A, Jensen L, Deitz V. Corticospinal input in human gait: Modulation of magnetically evoked motor responses. Exp Brain Res. 1997;115(2):234-246
    • (1997) Exp Brain Res , vol.115 , Issue.2 , pp. 234-246
    • Schubert, M.1    Curt, A.2    Jensen, L.3    Deitz, V.4
  • 52
    • 0033038188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on the corticospinal control of human walking. I. Responses to focal transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex
    • Capaday C, Lavoie BA, Barbeau H, Schneider C, Bonnard M. Studies on the corticospinal control of human walking. I. Responses to focal transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex. J Neurophysiol. 1999;81(1):129-139
    • (1999) J Neurophysiol , vol.81 , Issue.1 , pp. 129-139
    • Capaday, C.1    Lavoie, B.A.2    Barbeau, H.3    Schneider, C.4    Bonnard, M.5
  • 53
    • 0036824294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motoneuronal drive during human walking
    • Bo Nielsen J. Motoneuronal drive during human walking. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2002;40(1-3):192-201.
    • (2002) Brain Res Brain Res Rev , vol.40 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 192-201
    • Bo Nielsen, J.1
  • 54
    • 0032404169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on the soleus H reflex during human walking
    • Petersen N, Christensen LO, Nielsen J. The effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on the soleus H reflex during human walking. J Physiol. 1998;513(Pt 2):599-610.
    • (1998) J Physiol , vol.513 , Issue.PART 2 , pp. 599-610
    • Petersen, N.1    Christensen, L.O.2    Nielsen, J.3
  • 56
    • 3843135146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The suppression of the long-latency stretch reflex in the human tibialis anterior muscle by transcranial magnetic stimulation
    • Van Doornik J, Masakado Y, Sinkjaer T, Nielsen JB. The suppression of the long-latency stretch reflex in the human tibialis anterior muscle by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Exp Brain Res. 2004;157(3):403-406
    • (2004) Exp Brain Res , vol.157 , Issue.3 , pp. 403-406
    • Van Doornik, J.1    Masakado, Y.2    Sinkjaer, T.3    Nielsen, J.B.4
  • 60
    • 0033394528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High resolution DC-EEG of the Bereitschaftspotential preceding anatomically congruent versus spatially congruent bimanual finger movements
    • Cui RQ, Deecke L. High resolution DC-EEG of the Bereitschaftspotential preceding anatomically congruent versus spatially congruent bimanual finger movements. Brain Topogr. 1999;12(2):117-127
    • (1999) Brain Topogr , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-127
    • Cui, R.Q.1    Deecke, L.2
  • 61
    • 34249990702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How does the brain respond to unimodal and bimodal sensory demand in movement of the lower extremity?
    • DOI 10.1007/s00221-007-0858-7
    • Wheaton LA, Mizelle JC, Forrester LW, Bai O, Shibasaki H, Macko RF. How does the brain respond to unimodal and bimodal sensory demand in movement of lower extremity? Exp Brain Res. 2007;180(2):345-354 [PMID: 17256159] (Pubitemid 46889483)
    • (2007) Experimental Brain Research , vol.180 , Issue.2 , pp. 345-354
    • Wheaton, L.A.1    Mizelle, J.C.2    Forrester, L.W.3    Bai, O.4    Shibasaki, H.5    Macko, R.F.6
  • 62
    • 0031907813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid plasticity of human cortical movement representation induced by practice
    • Classen J, Liepert J, Wise SP, Hallet M, Cohen LG. Rapid plasticity of human cortical movement representation induced by practice. J Neurophysiol. 1998;79(2):1117-1123
    • (1998) J Neurophysiol , vol.79 , Issue.2 , pp. 1117-1123
    • Classen, J.1    Liepert, J.2    Wise, S.P.3    Hallet, M.4    Cohen, L.G.5
  • 63
    • 11144296952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor skill training induces changes in the excitability of the leg cortical area in healthy humans
    • Perez MA, Lungholt BK, Nyborg K, Nielsen JB. Motor skill training induces changes in the excitability of the leg cortical area in healthy humans. Exp Brain Res. 2004;159(2):197-205.
    • (2004) Exp Brain Res , vol.159 , Issue.2 , pp. 197-205
    • Perez, M.A.1    Lungholt, B.K.2    Nyborg, K.3    Nielsen, J.B.4
  • 64
    • 0033961189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of plasticity in the human motor cortex by paired associative stimulation
    • Stefan KE, Kunesch E, Cohen LG, Benecke R, Classen J. Induction of plasticity in the human motor cortex by paired associative stimulation. Brain. 2000;123(Pt 3):572-584
    • (2000) Brain , vol.123 , Issue.PART 3 , pp. 572-584
    • Stefan, K.E.1    Kunesch, E.2    Cohen, L.G.3    Benecke, R.4    Classen, J.5
  • 65
    • 24944496865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation-induced changes in lower limb corticomotor excitability during treadmill walking in humans
    • Stinear JW, Hornby TG. Stimulation-induced changes in lower limb corticomotor excitability during treadmill walking in humans. J Physiol. 2005;567(Pt 2):701-711
    • (2005) J Physiol , vol.567 , Issue.PART 2 , pp. 701-711
    • Stinear, J.W.1    Hornby, T.G.2
  • 66
    • 0141890126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does induction of plastic change in motor cortex improve leg function after stroke?
    • Uy J, Ridding MC, Hillier S, Thompson PD, Miles TS. Does induction of plastic change in motor cortex improve leg function after stroke? Neurology. 2003;61(7):982-984 [PMID: 14557574] (Pubitemid 37248659)
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , Issue.7 , pp. 982-984
    • Uy, J.1    Ridding, M.C.2    Hillier, S.3    Thompson, P.D.4    Miles, T.S.5
  • 67
    • 65949101595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treadmill vs. stretching: Short-term CNS adaptations to single bouts of submaximal exercise in chronic stroke patients
    • Forrester LW, Villagra F, Macko RF, Hanley DF. Treadmill vs. stretching: Short-term CNS adaptations to single bouts of submaximal exercise in chronic stroke patients. Stroke. 2004;35(6):e312.
    • (2004) Stroke , vol.35 , Issue.6
    • Forrester, L.W.1    Villagra, F.2    Macko, R.F.3    Hanley, D.F.4
  • 68
    • 1842734880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reorganization of the human ipsilesional premotor cortex after stroke
    • Fridman EA, Hanakawa T, Chung M, Hummel F, Leiguarda RC, Cohen LG. Reorganization of the human ipsilesional premotor cortex after stroke. Brain. 2004;127(Pt 4):747-758
    • (2004) Brain , vol.127 , Issue.PART 4 , pp. 747-758
    • Fridman, E.A.1    Hanakawa, T.2    Chung, M.3    Hummel, F.4    Leiguarda, R.C.5    Cohen, L.G.6
  • 69
    • 0033751759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of postlesion experience on behavioral recovery and neurophysiologic reorganization after cortical injury in primates
    • Friel KM, Heddings AA, Nudo RJ. Effects of postlesion experience on behavioral recovery and neurophysiologic reorganization after cortical injury in primates. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2000;14(3):187-198
    • (2000) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 187-198
    • Friel, K.M.1    Heddings, A.A.2    Nudo, R.J.3
  • 71
    • 33747061042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal fMRI study for locomotor recovery in patients with stroke
    • Kim YH, You SH, Kwon YH, Hallett M, Kim JH, Jang SH. Longitudinal fMRI study for locomotor recovery in patients with stroke. Neurology. 2006;67(2):330-333
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 330-333
    • Kim, Y.H.1    You, S.H.2    Kwon, Y.H.3    Hallett, M.4    Kim, J.H.5    Jang, S.H.6
  • 72
    • 0036196245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional recovery and neuroanatomical plasticity following middle cerebral artery occlusion and IN-1 antibody treatment in the adult rat
    • Papadopoulos CM, Tsai SY, Alsbiei T, O'Brien TE, Schwab ME, Kartje GL. Functional recovery and neuroanatomical plasticity following middle cerebral artery occlusion and IN-1 antibody treatment in the adult rat. Ann Neurol. 2002;51(4):433-441
    • (2002) Ann Neurol , vol.51 , Issue.4 , pp. 433-441
    • Papadopoulos, C.M.1    Tsai, S.Y.2    Alsbiei, T.3    O'Brien, T.E.4    Schwab, M.E.5    Kartje, G.L.6
  • 73
    • 0037567637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reorganization of remote cortical regions after ischemic brain injury: A potential substrate for stroke recovery
    • Frost SB, Barbay S, Friel KM, Plautz EJ, Nudo RJ. Reorganization of remote cortical regions after ischemic brain injury: A potential substrate for stroke recovery. J Neurophysiol. 2003;89(6):3205-3214
    • (2003) J Neurophysiol , vol.89 , Issue.6 , pp. 3205-3214
    • Frost, S.B.1    Barbay, S.2    Friel, K.M.3    Plautz, E.J.4    Nudo, R.J.5
  • 77
    • 30744461126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gait recovery is not associated with changes in the temporal patterning of muscle activity during treadmill walking in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis
    • Den Otter AR, Geurts AC, Mulder T, Duysens J. Gait recovery is not associated with changes in the temporal patterning of muscle activity during treadmill walking in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis. Clin Neurophysiol. 2006;117(1):4-15.
    • (2006) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.117 , Issue.1 , pp. 4-15
    • Den Otter, A.R.1    Geurts, A.C.2    Mulder, T.3    Duysens, J.4
  • 79
    • 4344676856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ankle dorsiflexion as an fMRI paradigm to assay motor control for walking during rehabilitation
    • Dobkin BH, Firestine A, West M, Saremi K, Woods R. Ankle dorsiflexion as an fMRI paradigm to assay motor control for walking during rehabilitation. Neuroimage. 2004;23(1):370-381
    • (2004) Neuroimage , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 370-381
    • Dobkin, B.H.1    Firestine, A.2    West, M.3    Saremi, K.4    Woods, R.5
  • 80
    • 28244493443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in supraspinal activation patterns following robotic locomotor therapy in motorincomplete spinal cord injury
    • Winchester P, McColl R, Querry R, Foreman N, Mosby J, Tansey K, Williamson J. Changes in supraspinal activation patterns following robotic locomotor therapy in motorincomplete spinal cord injury. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2005;19(4):313-324
    • (2005) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 313-324
    • Winchester, P.1    McColl, R.2    Querry, R.3    Foreman, N.4    Mosby, J.5    Tansey, K.6    Williamson, J.7
  • 81
    • 33646165245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in cortically related intermuscular coherence accompanying improvements in locomotor skills in incomplete spinal cord injury
    • Norton JA, Gorassini MA. Changes in cortically related intermuscular coherence accompanying improvements in locomotor skills in incomplete spinal cord injury. J Neurophysiol. 2006;95(4):2580-2589
    • (2006) J Neurophysiol , vol.95 , Issue.4 , pp. 2580-2589
    • Norton, J.A.1    Gorassini, M.A.2
  • 82
    • 0344304780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal optical imaging study for locomotor recovery after stroke
    • Miyai I, Yagura H, Hatakenaka M, Oda I, Konishi I, Kubota K. Longitudinal optical imaging study for locomotor recovery after stroke. Stroke. 2003;34(12):2866-2870
    • (2003) Stroke , vol.34 , Issue.12 , pp. 2866-2870
    • Miyai, I.1    Yagura, H.2    Hatakenaka, M.3    Oda, I.4    Konishi, I.5    Kubota, K.6
  • 83
    • 0035930445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequential activation brain mapping after subcortical stroke: Changes in hemispheric balance and recovery
    • Calautti CF, Leroy F, Guincestre JY, Marie RM, Baron JC. Sequential activation brain mapping after subcortical stroke: Changes in hemispheric balance and recovery. Neuroreport. 2001;12(18):3883-3886
    • (2001) Neuroreport , vol.12 , Issue.18 , pp. 3883-3886
    • Calautti, C.F.1    Leroy, F.2    Guincestre, J.Y.3    Marie, R.M.4    Baron, J.C.5
  • 86
    • 19044393093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathophysiology of spasticity
    • discussion 53-61
    • Sheean G. The pathophysiology of spasticity. Eur J Neurol. 2002;9 Suppl 1:3-9;discussion 53-61.
    • (2002) Eur J Neurol , vol.9 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 3-9
    • Sheean, G.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.