The effect of smoking on the male excess of bladder cancer: A meta-analysis and geographical analyses

International Journal of Cancer

Volumn 124, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 412-419

  Hemelt, Marjolein ^a   Yamamoto, Hidekazu ^b   Cheng, Kar K ^a   Zeegers, Maurice P A ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Bladder cancer; Cigarette smoking; Incidence; Meta analysis

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BLADDER CANCER; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER RISK; CIGARETTE SMOKING; HUMAN; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEX RATIO; BLADDER TUMOR; FEMALE; GEOGRAPHY; INCIDENCE; MALE; META ANALYSIS; PASSIVE SMOKING; PROBABILITY; RISK; SEX DIFFERENCE; SMOKING; STATISTICAL MODEL;

FEMALE; GEOGRAPHY; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; MODELS, STATISTICAL; ODDS RATIO; PROBABILITY; RISK; SEX FACTORS; SMOKING; TOBACCO SMOKE POLLUTION; URINARY BLADDER NEOPLASMS;

EID: 58249084933     PISSN: 00207136     EISSN: 10970215     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23856     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Ferlay J, Bray F, Pisani P, Parkin DM. GLOBOCAN 2002: cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide. IARC CancerBase No. 5. Version 2.0. Lyon: IARC, 2004.
2. Zeegers MP, Tan FE, Dorant E, van Den Brandt PA. The impact of characteristics of cigarette smoking on urinary tract cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Cancer 2000;89:630-9.
3. Lopez AD, Collishaw NE, Piha T. A descriptive model of cigarette epidemic in developed countries. Tobacco Control 1994;3:242-7.
4. Shafey O, Dolwick S, Guindon GE, eds. Tobacco control country profiles 2003. Atlanta: American Cancer Society, 2003.
5. Wen CP, Levy DT, Cheng TY, Hsu CC, Tsai SP. Smoking behaviour in Taiwan, 2001. Tobacco Control 2005;14(Suppl1):i51-i55.
6. Parkin DM, Whelan SL, Ferlay J, Storm H. Cancer incidence in five continents, vol. I-VIII. IARC CancerBase No. 7. Lyon: IARC, 2005.
7. World Health Organization. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th Revision. Available at: http://www.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/.
8. Woolf B. On estimating the relation between blood group and disease. Ann Hum Genet 1955;19:251-3.
9. Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in metaanalysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 1997;315:629-34.
10. StataCorp. Stata Statistical Software: Release 9. College Station, TX: StataCorpLP, 2005.
11. Howe GR, Burch JD, Miller AB, Cook GM, Esteve J, Morrison B, Gordon P, Chambers LW, Fodor G, Winsor GM. Tobacco use, occupation, coffee, various nutrients, and bladder cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1980;64:701-13.
12. Mommsen S, Aagaard J. A case-control study of bladder-cancer. A multivariate, stratified analysis of a low-risk population. Dan Med Bull 1983;30:427-32.
13. Mommsen S, Aagaard J. Tobacco as a risk factor in bladder cancer. Carcinogenesis 1983;4:335-8.
14. Mommsen S, Aagaard J, Sell A. An epidemiological case-control study of bladder cancer in males from a predominantly rural district. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 1982;18:1205-10.
15. Mommsen S, Aagaard J, Sell A. A case-control study of female bladder cancer. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 1983;19:725-9.
16. Mommsen S, Aagaard J, Sell A. An epidemiological study of bladder cancer in a predominantly rural district. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1983;17:307-12.
17. Mommsen S, Aagard J. Occupational exposures as risk indicator of male bladder carcinoma in a predominantly rural area. Acta Radiol Oncol 1984;23:147-52.
18. Schifflers E, Jamart J, Renard V. Tobacco and occupation as risk factors in bladder cancer: a case-control study in southern Belgium. Int J Cancer 1987;39:287-92.
19. Slattery ML, Schumacher MC, West DW, Robison LM. Smoking and bladder cancer. The modifying effect of cigarettes on other factors. Cancer 1988;61:402-8.
20. Mills PK, Beeson WL, Phillips RL, Fraser GE. Bladder cancer in a low risk population: results from the Adventist Health Study. Am J Epidemiol 1991;133:230-9.
21. Anton-Culver H, Lee-Feldstein A, Taylor TH. Occupation and bladder cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol 1992;136:89-94.
22. Anton-Culver H, Lee-Feldstein A, Taylor TH. The association of bladder cancer risk with ethnicity, gender, and smoking. Ann Epidemiol 1993;3:429-33.
23. Barbone F, Franceschi S, Talamini R, Bidoli E, La Vecchia C. Occupation and bladder cancer in Pordenone (north-east Italy): a case-control study. Int J Epidemiol 1994;23:58-65.
24. Tremblay C, Armstrong B, Theriault G, Brodeur J. Estimation of risk of developing bladder cancer among workers exposed to coal tar pitch volatiles in the primary aluminum industry. Am J Ind Med 1995;27:335-48.
25. Bruemmer B, White E, Vaughan TL, Cheney CL. Nutrient intake in relation to bladder cancer among middle-aged men and women. Am J Epidemiol 1996;144:485-95.
26. Teschke K, Morgan MS, Checkoway H, Franklin G, Spinelli JJ, van Belle G, Weiss NS. Surveillance of nasal and bladder cancer to locate sources of exposure to occupational carcinogens. Occup Environ Med 1997;54:443-51.
27. Freedman DM, Cantor KP, Lee NL, Chen LS, Lei HH, Ruhl CE, Wang SS. Bladder cancer and drinking water: a population-based case-control study in Washington County, Maryland (United States). Cancer Causes Control 1997;8:738-44.
28. Tulinius H, Sigfusson N, Sigvaldason H, Bjarnadottir K, Tryggvadottir L. Risk factors for malignant diseases: a cohort study on a population of 22,946 Icelanders. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1997;6:863-73.
29. Sorahan T, Hamilton L, Wallace DM, Bathers S, Gardiner K, Harrington JM. Occupational urothelial tumours: a regional case-control study. Br J Urol 1998;82:25-32.
30. Sadetzki S, Bensal D, Blumstein T, Novikov I, Modan B. Selected risk factors for transitional cell bladder cancer. Med Oncol 2000;17: 179-82.
31. Wakai K, Takashi M, Okamura K, Yuba H, Suzuki K, Murase T, Obata K, Itoh H, Kato T, Kobayashi M, Sakata T, Otani T, et al. Foods and nutrients in relation to bladder cancer risk: a case-control study in Aichi Prefecture, Central Japan. Nutr Cancer 2000;38:13-22.
32. Serra C, Bonfill X, Sunyer J, Urrutia G, Turuguet D, Bastus R, Roque M, t Mannetje A, Kogevinas M. Bladder cancer in the textile industry. Scand J Work Environ Health 2000;26:476-81.
33. Michaud DS, Clinton SK, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Giovannucci E. Risk of bladder cancer by geographic region in a U.S. cohort of male health professionals. Epidemiology 2001;12:719-26.
34. Kim WJ, Kim H, Kim CH, Lee MS, Oh BR, Lee HM, Katoh T. GSTT1-null genotype is a protective factor against bladder cancer. Urology 2002;60:913-18.
35. Sun CL, Yuan JM, Arakawa K, Low SH, Lee HP, Yu MC. Dietary soy and increased risk of bladder cancer: the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2002;11:1674-7.
36. Tripathi A, Folsom AR, Anderson KE. Risk factors for urinary bladder carcinoma in postmenopausal women. The Iowa Women's Health Study. Cancer 2002;95:2316-23.
37. Bates MN, Rey OA, Biggs ML, Hopenhayn C, Moore LE, Kalman D, Steinmaus C, Smith AH. Case-control study of bladder cancer and exposure to arsenic in Argentina. Am J Epidemiol 2004;159:381-9.
38. Jong Jeong H, Jin Kim H, Young Seo I, Ju Kim H, Oh GJ, Cheon Chae S, Sik Lim J, Taeg Chung H, Joong Kim J. Association between glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 polymorphisms and increased risk for bladder cancer in Korean smokers. Cancer Lett 2003;202:193-9.
39. Steinmaus C, Yuan Y, Bates MN, Smith AH. Case-control study of bladder cancer and drinking water arsenic in the western United States. Am J Epidemiol 2003;158:1193-201.
40. Gaertner RR, Trpeski L, Johnson KC. A case-control study of occupational risk factors for bladder cancer in Canada. Cancer Causes Control 2004;15:1007-19.
41. Sun CL, Yuan JM, Wang XL, Gao YT, Ross RK, Yu MC. Dietary soy and increased risk of bladder cancer: a prospective cohort study of men in Shanghai, China. Int J Cancer 2004;112:319-23.
42. Hung RJ, Boffetta P, Brennan P, Malaveille C, Hautefeuille A, Donato F, Gelatti U, Spaliviero M, Placidi D, Carta A, Scotto di Carlo A, Porru S. GST, NAT, SULT1A1, CYP1B1 genetic polymorphisms, interactions with environmental exposures and bladder cancer risk in a high-risk population. Int J Cancer 2004;110:598-604.
43. Jee SH, Samet JM, Ohrr H, Kim JH, Kim IS. Smoking and cancer risk in Korean men and women. Cancer Causes Control 2004;15:341-8.
44. Karagas MR, Park S, Warren A, Hamilton J, Nelson HH, Mott LA, Kelsey KT. Gender, smoking, glutathione-S-transferase variants and bladder cancer incidence: a population-based study. Cancer Lett 2005;219:63-9.
45. Kellen E, Zeegers M, Paulussen A, Van Dongen M, Buntinx F. Fruit consumption reduces the effect of smoking on bladder cancer risk. The Belgian case control study on bladder cancer. Int J Cancer 2006;118:2572-8.
46. Kellen E, Zeegers M, Paulussen A, Vlietinck R, Vlem EV, Veulemans H, Buntinx F. Does occupational exposure to PAHs, diesel and aromatic amines interact with smoking and metabolic genetic polymorphisms to increase the risk on bladder cancer? The Belgian case control study on bladder cancer risk. Cancer Lett 2007;245:51-60.
47. McGrath M, Michaud DS, De Vivo I. Hormonal and reproductive factors and the risk of bladder cancer in women. Am J Epidemiol 2006;163:236-44.
48. Bjerregaard BK, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Sorensen M, Frederiksen K, Christensen J, Tjonneland A, Overvad K, Chapelon FC, Nagel G, Chang-Claude J, Bergmann MM, Boeing H, et al. Tobacco smoke and bladder cancer-in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition. Int J Cancer 2006;119:2412-16.
49. Cantwell MM, Lacey JV, Jr, Schairer C, Schatzkin A, Michaud DS. Reproductive factors, exogenous hormone use and bladder cancer risk in a prospective study. Int J Cancer 2006;119:2398-1-01.
50. Yaris F, Dikici MF, Sabuncu HH, Yaris E. A case-control study on the etiology of urinary bladder cancer in Istanbul, Turkey. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2006;7:591-4
51. Alberg AJ, Kouzis A, Genkinger JM, Gallicchio L, Burke AE, Hoffman SC, Diener-West M, Helzlsouer KJ, Comstock GW. A prospective cohort study of bladder cancer risk in relation to active cigarette smoking and household exposure to secondhand cigarette smoke. Am J Epidemiol 2007;165:660-6.
52. Hartge P, Harvey EB, Linehan WM, Silverman DT, Sullivan JW, Hoover RN, Fraumeni JF, Jr. Unexplained excess risk of bladder cancer in men. J Natl Cancer Inst 1990;82:1636-40.
53. Vineis P, Simonato L. Proportion of lung and bladder cancers in males resulting from occupation: a systematic approach. Arch Environ Health 1991;46:6-15.
54. Silverman DT, Levin LI, Hoover RN. Occupational risks of bladder cancer among white women in the United States. Am J Epidemiol 1990;132:453-61.
55. Silverman DT, Levin LI, Hoover RN. Occupational risks of bladder cancer in the United States: II Nonwhite men. J Natl Cancer Inst 1989;81:1480-3.
56. Kogevinas M, t Mannetje A, Cordier S, Ranft U, Gonzalez CA, Vineis P, Chang-Claude J, Lynge E, Wahrendorf J, Tzonou A, Jockel KH, Serra C, et al. Occupation and bladder cancer among men in Western Europe. Cancer Causes Control 2003;14:907-14.
57. Mannetje A, Kogevinas M, Chang-Claude J, Cordier S, Gonzalez CA, Hours M, Jockel KH, Bolm-Audorff U, Lynge E, Porru S, Donato F, Ranft U, et al. Occupation and bladder cancer in European women. Cancer Causes Control 1999;10:209-17.
58. Abol-Enein H, Kava BR, Carmack AJ. Nonurothelial cancer of the bladder. Urology 2007;69:93-104.
59. Bhagwandeen SB. Schistosomiasis and carcinoma of the bladder in Zambia. S Afr Med J 1976;50:1616-20.
60. el-Boulkany MN, Ghoneim MA, Mansour MA. Carcinoma of the bil-harzial bladder in Egypt. Clinical and pathological features. Br J Urol 1972;44:561-70.
61. Kitinya JN, Lauren PA, Eshleman LJ, Paljarvi L, Tanaka K. The incidence of squamous and transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder in northern Tanzania in areas of high and low levels of endemic Schistosoma haematobium infection. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1986;80:935-9.
62. Sharfi AR, el Sir S, Beleil O. Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Br J Urol 1992;69:369-71.
63. Koraitim MM, Metwalli NE, Atta MA, el-Sadr AA. Changing age incidence and pathological types of schistosoma-associated bladder carcinoma. J Urol 1995;154:1714-16.
64. Thomas JE, Bassett MT, Sigola LB, Taylor P. Relationship between bladder cancer incidence, Schistosoma haematobium infection, and geographical region in Zimbabwe. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1990;84:551-3.
65. Kabatereine NB, Fleming FM, Nyandindi U, Mwanza JC, Blair L. The control of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths in East Africa. Trends Parasitol 2006;22:332-9.
66. Plna K, Hemminki K. Familial bladder cancer in the National Swedish Family Cancer Database. J Urol 2001;166:2129-33.
67. Cheng L, MacLennan GT, Pan CX, Jones TD, Moore CR, Zhang S, Gu J, Patel NB, Kao C, Gardner TA. Allelic loss of the active X chromosome during bladder carcinogenesis. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2004;128:187-90.
68. Braver DJ, Modan M, Chetrit A, Lusky A, Braf Z. Drinking, micturition habits, and urine concentration as potential risk factors in urinary bladder cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1987;78:437-10.
69. McDonald DF, Lund RR. The role of the urine in vesical neoplasm. I. Experimental confirmation of the urogenous theory of pathogenesis. J Urol 1954;71:560-70.
70. van Haarst EP, Heldeweg EA, Newling DW, Schlatmann TJ. The 24-h frequency-volume chart in adults reporting no voiding complaints: defining reference values and analysing variables. BJU Int 2004;93: 1257-61.
71. Kadlubar FF, Dooley KL, Teitel CH, Roberts DW, Benson RW, Butler MA, Bailey JR, Young JF, Skipper PW, Tannenbaum SR. Frequency of urination and its effects on metabolism, pharmacokinetics, blood hemoglobin adduct formation, and liver and urinary bladder DNA adduct levels in beagle dogs given the carcinogen 4-amino-biphenyl. Cancer Res 1991;51:4371-7.
72. Altieri A, La Vecchia C, Negri E. Fluid intake and risk of bladder and other cancers. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003;57(Suppl 2):S59-S68.
73. Garcia-Closas M, Malats N, Silverman D, Dosemeci M, Kogevinas M, Hein DW, Tardon A, Serra C, Carrato A, Garcia-Closas R, Lloreta J, Castano-Vinyals G, et al. NAT2 slow acetylation, GSTM1 null genotype, and risk of bladder cancer: results from the Spanish. Bladder Cancer Study and meta-analyses. Lancet 2005;366:649-59.
74. Kellen E, Hemelt M, Broberg K, Golka K, Kristensen VN, Hung RJ, Matullo G, Mittal RD, Porru S, Povey A, Schulz WA, Shen J, et al. Pooled analysis and meta-analysis of glutathione S-transferase P1 and bladder cancer: a HuGE GSEC review. Am J Epidemiol 2007;165:1221-30.
75. Castelao JE, Yuan JM, Skipper PL, Tannenbaum SR, Gago-Domi-nguez M, Crowder JS, Ross RK, Yu MC. Gender- and smoking-related bladder cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001;93:538-45.
76. Clayson DB. Specific aromatic amines as occupational bladder carcinogens. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1981;58:15-19.
77. Horn EP, Tucker MA, Lambert G, Silverman D, Zametkin D, Sinha R, Hartge T, Landi MT, Caporaso NE. A study of gender-based cyto-chrome P4501A2 variability: a possible mechanism for the maleexcess of bladder cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1995;4:529-33.