Does contingency awareness mediate the influence of emotional learning on the cueing of visual attention?

Psychological Research

Volumn 73, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 107-113

  Raes, An K ^a   De Raedt, Rudi ^a   Fias, Wim ^a   Koster, Ernst H W ^a   Van Damme, Stefaan ^a  

^a GHENT UNIVERSITY   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; ATTENTION; AWARENESS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONDITIONED REFLEX; EMOTION; EYE FIXATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LEARNING; MALE; PHYSIOLOGY; REACTION TIME; VISION;

ADULT; AROUSAL; ASSOCIATION LEARNING; ATTENTION; AWARENESS; CONDITIONING, CLASSICAL; CUES; EMOTIONS; FEMALE; FIXATION, OCULAR; HUMANS; MALE; REACTION TIME; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 58149489236     PISSN: 03400727     EISSN: 14302772     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00426-008-0141-y     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. J. L. Armony R. J. Dolan 2002 Modulation of spatial attention by fear-conditioned stimuli: an event-related fMRI study Neuropsychologia 40 817 826
2. Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for the Beck depression inventory. (2nd ed). San Antonia, TX: The Psychological Association.
3. M. A. Biferno M. E. Dawson 1977 Onset of contingency awareness and electrodermal classical conditioning: an analysis of temporal relationships during acquisition and extinction Psychophysiology 14 164 171
4. M. M. Chun 2000 Contextual cueing of visual attention Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4 179 177
5. L. E. Crawford J. T. Cacioppo 2002 Learning where to look for danger: integrating affective and spatial information Psychological Science 13 449 453
6. M. E. Dawson M. A. Biferno 1973 Concurrent measurements of awareness and electrodermal classical conditioning Journal of Experimental Psychology 101 55 62
7. Dawson, M. E., & Schell, A. M. (1985). Information processing and human autonomic classical conditioning. In: P. K. Ackles, J. R. Jennings, & M. Coles (Eds.), Advances in psychophysiology. Vol. 1. Greenwich, Connecticut: JAI Press.
8. De Houwer, J., Vandorpe, S., & Beckers, T. (2005). On the role of controlled cognitive processes in human associative learning. In A. Wills (Ed.), New directions in human associative learning. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
9. T. Dirikx D. Hermans D. Vansteenwegen F. Baeyens P. Eelen 2007 Reinstatement of conditioned responses in human differential fear conditioning Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 38 237 251
10. A. Flykt F. Esteves A. Öhman 2007 Skin conductance responses to masked conditioned stimuli: phylogenetic/ontogenetic factors versus direction of threat? Biological Psychology 74 328 336
11. K. Hugdahl A. Öhman 1977 Effects of instructions on acquisition and extinction of electrodermal responses to fear-relevant stimuli Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory 3 608 618
12. E. H. W. Koster G. Crombez S. Van Damme B. Verschuere J. De Houwer 2004 Does imminent threat capture and hold attention? Emotion 4 312 317
13. E. H. W. Koster G. Crombez B. Verschuere J. De Houwer 2004 Selective attention to threat in the dot probe paradigm: differentiating vigilance and difficulty to disengage Behaviour Research and Therapy 42 1183 1192
14. Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (1997a). International Affective Picture System (IAPS) [CD-ROM]. Gainesville, FL: NIMH Center for Emotion and Attention (CSEA).
15. Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (1997b). International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Technical manual and affective ratings. Gainesville, FL: NIMH Center for Emotion and Attention (CSEA).
16. O. V. Lipp M. S. Edwards 2002 Effect of instructed extinction on verbal and automatic indices of Pavlovian learning with fear-relevant and fear-irrelevant conditional stimuli Journal of Psychophysiology 16 176 186
17. P. F. Lovibond 2003 Causal beliefs and conditioning responses: retrospective revaluation induced by experience and by instruction Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 29 97 106
18. P. F. Lovibond 2006 Cognitive processes in extinction Learning & Memory 11 495 500
19. P.F. Lovibond D.R. Shanks 2002 The role of awareness in Pavlovian conditioning: empirical evidence and theoretical implications Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 28 3 26
20. Mackintosh, N. J. (1983). Conditioning and associative learning. Oxford: University Press.
21. J. L. Marcos 2007 Associative learning of discrimination with masked stimuli Learning and Motivation 38 75 88
22. P. M. Merikle D. Smilek J. D. Eastwood 2001 Perception without awareness: perspectives from cognitive psychology Cognition 79 115 134
23. A. Olsson E. A. Phelps 2004 Learned fear of "unseen" faces after Pavlovian, observational, and instructed fear Psychological Science 15 822 828
24. M. I. Posner 1980 Orientation of attention Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 32 3 25
25. H. M. Purkis O. V. Lipp 2001 Does affective learning exist in the absence of contingency awareness? Learning and Motivation 32 84 99
26. Razran, G. (1971). Mind in evolution. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
27. U. Schimmack 2005 Attentional interference effects of emotional pictures: threat, negativity, or arousal? Emotion 5 55 66
28. K. M. Stormak K. Hugdahl 1996 Peripheral cueing of covert spatial attention before and after emotional conditioning of the cue International Journal of Neuroscience 86 225 240
29. S. Van Damme G. Crombez D. Hermans E. H. W. Koster C. Eccleston 2006 The role of extinction and reinstatement in attentional bias to threat: a conditioning approach Behaviour Research and Therapy 44 1555 1563
30. S. Van Damme J. Lorenz C. Eccleston E. H. W. Koster A. De Clercq G. Crombez 2004 Fear-conditioned cues of impeding pain facilitate engagement in an emotional modification of the exogenous cueing paradigm Clinical Neurophysiology 34 33 39
31. J. Yiend A. Mathews 2001 Anxiety and attention to threatening pictures The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 54A 665 681