Correction of Metabolic Acidosis to Ameliorate Wasting in Chronic Kidney Disease: Goals and Strategies

Seminars in Nephrology

Volumn 29, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 67-74

  Chiu, Yi Wen ^a   Kopple, Joel D ^b,c,d   Mehrotra, Rajnish ^b,c  

^a KAOHSIUNG MEDICAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

^b HARBOR UCLA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

chronic kidney disease; dialysis; Metabolic acidosis; protein energy wasting

Indexed keywords

BICARBONATE;

ARTERIAL PH; ARTICLE; BICARBONATE BLOOD LEVEL; BODY MASS; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; DISEASE SEVERITY; HEMODIALYSIS; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; METABOLIC ACIDOSIS; NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; PERITONEAL DIALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN CALORIE MALNUTRITION; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; PROTEIN INTAKE; SURVIVAL;

ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIUM; ACIDOSIS; BICARBONATES; HUMANS; KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC; PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; RENAL DIALYSIS;

EID: 58049087587     PISSN: 02709295     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.10.009     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Mehrotra R., Kopple J.D., and Wolfson M. Metabolic acidosis in maintenance dialysis patients: clinical considerations. Kidney Int Suppl 88 (2003) S13-S25
2. Kalantar-Zadeh K., Mehrotra R., Fouque D., et al. Metabolic acidosis and malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome in chronic renal failure. Semin Dial 17 (2004) 455-465
3. Kopple J.D., Kalantar-Zadeh K., and Mehrotra R. Risks of chronic metabolic acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl 95 (2005) S21-S27
4. Lowrie E.G., and Lew N.L. Death risk in hemodialysis patients: the predictive value of commonly measured variables and an evaluation of death rate differences between facilities. Am J Kidney Dis 15 (1990) 458-482
5. Bommer J., Locatelli F., Satayathum S., et al. Association of predialysis serum bicarbonate levels with risk of mortality and hospitalization in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). Am J Kidney Dis 44 (2004) 661-671
6. Wu D.Y., Shinaberger C.S., Regidor D.L., et al. Association between serum bicarbonate and death in hemodialysis patients: is it better to be acidotic or alkalotic?. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 1 (2006) 70-78
7. K/DOQI, National Kidney Foundation. Clinical practice guidelines for nutrition in chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis 35 Suppl 2 (2000) S1-S140
8. National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for bone metabolism and disease in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 42 Suppl 3 (2003) S1-S201
9. Herr R.D., and Swanson T. Serum bicarbonate declines with sample size in vacutainer tubes. Am J Clin Pathol 97 (1992) 213-216
10. Laski M.E. Penny wise and bicarbonate foolish. Am J Kidney Dis 35 (2000) 1224-1225
11. Brezina B., Qunibi W.Y., and Nolan C.R. Acid loading during treatment with sevelamer hydrochloride: mechanisms and clinical implications. Kidney Int Suppl 90 (2004) S39-S45
12. Borras M., Marco M.P., and Fernandez E. Treatment with sevelamer decreases bicarbonate levels in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int 22 (2002) 737-738
13. Marco M.P., Muray S., Betriu A., et al. Treatment with sevelamer decreases bicarbonate levels in hemodialysis patients. Nephron 92 (2002) 499-500
14. Fouque D., lantar-Zadeh K., Kopple J., et al. A proposed nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for protein-energy wasting in acute and chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 73 (2008) 391-398
15. May R.C., Kelly R.A., and Mitch W.E. Metabolic acidosis stimulates protein degradation in rat muscle by a glucocorticoid-dependent mechanism. J Clin Invest 77 (1986) 614-621
16. Hara Y., May R.C., Kelly R.A., et al. Acidosis, not azotemia, stimulates branched-chain, amino acid catabolism in uremic rats. Kidney Int 32 (1987) 808-814
17. May R.C., Hara Y., Kelly R.A., et al. Branched-chain amino acid metabolism in rat muscle: abnormal regulation in acidosis. Am J Physiol 252 (1987) E712-E718
18. May R.C., Kelly R.A., and Mitch W.E. Mechanisms for defects in muscle protein metabolism in rats with chronic uremia. Influence of metabolic acidosis. J Clin Invest 79 (1987) 1099-1103
19. Bailey J.L., Wang X., England B.K., et al. The acidosis of chronic renal failure activates muscle proteolysis in rats by augmenting transcription of genes encoding proteins of the ATP-dependent ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. J Clin Invest 97 (1996) 1447-1453
20. Mitch W.E., Medina R., Grieber S., et al. Metabolic acidosis stimulates muscle protein degradation by activating the adenosine triphosphate-dependent pathway involving ubiquitin and proteasomes. J Clin Invest 93 (1994) 2127-2133
21. Du J., Wang X., Miereles C., et al. Activation of caspase-3 is an initial step triggering accelerated muscle proteolysis in catabolic conditions. J Clin Invest 113 (2004) 115-123
22. Bailey J.L., Zheng B., Hu Z., et al. Chronic kidney disease causes defects in signaling through the insulin receptor substrate/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway: implications for muscle atrophy. J Am Soc Nephrol 17 (2006) 1388-1394
23. Price S.R., England B.K., Bailey J.L., et al. Acidosis and glucocorticoids concomitantly increase ubiquitin and proteasome subunit mRNAs in rat muscle. Am J Physiol 267 (1994) C955-C960
24. Mitch W.E., Bailey J.L., Wang X., et al. Evaluation of signals activating ubiquitin-proteasome proteolysis in a model of muscle wasting. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 276 (1999) C1132-C1138
25. Cano N.J., Fouque D., and Leverve X.M. Application of branched-chain amino acids in human pathological states: renal failure. J Nutr 136 suppl 1 (2006) 299S-307S
26. England B.K., Greiber S., Mitch W.E., et al. Rat muscle branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase activity and mRNAs increase with extracellular acidemia. Am J Physiol 268 (1995) C1395-C1400
27. Lofberg E., Gutierrez A., Anderstam B., et al. Effect of bicarbonate on muscle protein in patients receiving hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 48 (2006) 419-429
28. Lofberg E., Wernerman J., Anderstam B., et al. Correction of acidosis in dialysis patients increases branched-chain and total essential amino acid levels in muscle. Clin Nephrol 48 (1997) 230-237
29. Bevington A., Poulter C., Brown J., et al. Inhibition of protein synthesis by acid in L6 skeletal muscle cells: analogies with the acute starvation response. Miner Electrolyte Metab 24 (1998) 261-266
30. Ulrich C., Kruger B., Kohler H., et al. Effects of acidosis on acute phase protein metabolism in liver cells. Miner Electrolyte Metab 25 (1999) 228-233
31. Papadoyannakis N.J., Stefanidis C.J., and McGeown M. The effect of the correction of metabolic acidosis on nitrogen and potassium balance of patients with chronic renal failure. Am J Clin Nutr 40 (1984) 623-627
32. Reaich D., Channon S.M., Scrimgeour C.M., et al. Correction of acidosis in humans with CRF decreases protein degradation and amino acid oxidation. Am J Physiol 265 (1993) E230-E235
33. Williams B., Hattersley J., Lawyard E., et al. Metabolic acidosis and skeletal muscle adaptation to low protein diets in chronic uremia. Kidney Int 40 (1991) 779-786
34. Garibotto G., Russo R., Sofia A., et al. Skeletal muscle protein synthesis and degradation in patients with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 45 (1994) 1432-1439
35. Graham K.A., Reaich D., Channon S.M., et al. Correction of acidosis in CAPD decreases whole body protein degradation. Kidney Int 49 (1996) 1396-1400
36. Graham K.A., Reaich D., Channon S.M., et al. Correction of acidosis in hemodialysis decreases whole-body protein degradation. J Am Soc Nephrol 8 (1997) 632-637
37. Lim V.S., Yarasheski K.E., and Flanigan M.J. The effect of uraemia, acidosis, and dialysis treatment on protein metabolism: a longitudinal leucine kinetic study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 13 (1998) 1723-1730
38. Boirie Y., Broyer M., Gagnadoux M.F., et al. Alterations of protein metabolism by metabolic acidosis in children with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 58 (2000) 236-241
39. Uribarri J., Levin N.W., Delmez J., et al. Association of acidosis and nutritional parameters in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 34 (1999) 493-499
40. Leavey S.F., Strawderman R.L., Young E.W., et al. Cross-sectional and longitudinal predictors of serum albumin in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 58 (2000) 2119-2128
41. Chauveau P., Fouque D., Combe C., et al. Acidosis and nutritional status in hemodialyzed patients. French Study Group for Nutrition in Dialysis. Semin Dial 13 (2000) 241-246
42. Gennari F.J., Hood V.L., Greene T., et al. Effect of dietary protein intake on serum total CO2 concentration in chronic kidney disease: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study findings. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 1 (2006) 52-57
43. Dunloup D.M., and Stewart C.P. The alkaline treatment of chronic nephritis. DD. Lancet 2 (1931) 1009-1013
44. Seyffart G., Ensminger A., and Scholz R. Increase of body mass during long-term bicarbonate hemodialysis. Kidney Int Suppl 22 (1987) S174-S177
45. Kooman J.P., Deutz N.E., Zijlmans P., et al. The influence of bicarbonate supplementation on plasma levels of branched-chain amino acids in haemodialysis patients with metabolic acidosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 12 (1997) 2397-2401
46. Movilli E., Zani R., Carli O., et al. Correction of metabolic acidosis increases serum albumin concentrations and decreases kinetically evaluated protein intake in haemodialysis patients: a prospective study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 13 (1998) 1719-1722
47. Lin S.H., Lin Y.F., Chin H.M., et al. Must metabolic acidosis be associated with malnutrition in haemodialysed patients?. Nephrol Dial Transplant 17 (2002) 2006-2010
48. Verove C., Maisonneuve N., El Azouzi A., et al. Effect of the correction of metabolic acidosis on nutritional status in elderly patients with chronic renal failure. J Ren Nutr 12 (2002) 224-228
49. Blair D., Bigelow C., and Sweet S.J. Nutritional effects of delivered bicarbonate dose in maintenance hemodialysis patients. J Ren Nutr 13 (2003) 205-211
50. Bossola M., Giungi S., Tazza L., et al. Long-term oral sodium bicarbonate supplementation does not improve serum albumin levels in hemodialysis patients. Nephron Clin Pract 106 (2007) c51-c56
51. Williams A.J., Dittmer I.D., McArley A., et al. High bicarbonate dialysate in haemodialysis patients: effects on acidosis and nutritional status. Nephrol Dial Transplant 12 (1997) 2633-2637
52. Brady J.P., and Hasbargen J.A. Correction of metabolic acidosis and its effect on albumin in chronic hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 31 (1998) 35-40
53. Stein A., Moorhouse J., Iles-Smith H., et al. Role of an improvement in acid-base status and nutrition in CAPD patients. Kidney Int 52 (1997) 1089-1095
54. Szeto C.C., Wong T.Y., Chow K.M., et al. Oral sodium bicarbonate for the treatment of metabolic acidosis in peritoneal dialysis patients: a randomized placebo-control trial. J Am Soc Nephrol 14 (2003) 2119-2126
55. Feriani M., Passlick-Deetjen J., Jaeckle-Meyer I., et al. Individualized bicarbonate concentrations in the peritoneal dialysis fluid to optimize acid-base status in CAPD patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 19 (2004) 195-202
56. Roderick P., Willis N.S., Blakeley S., et al. Correction of chronic metabolic acidosis for chronic kidney disease patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1 (2007) CD001890
57. Uribarri J. How should dialysis fluid be individualized for the chronic hemodialysis patient?. Bicarbonate. Semin Dial 21 (2008) 221-223