Fluid evolution from metamorphic peak to exhumation in Himalayan granulitised eclogites, Ama Drime range, southern Tibet

European Journal of Mineralogy

Volumn 19, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 439-461

  Ferrando, Simona ^a   Rolfo, Franco ^a,b   Lombardo, Bruno ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

^b CNR   (Italy)

Author keywords

Eclogite; Fluid inclusion study; Himalaya; Microthermometry; Vein

Indexed keywords

MINERALOGY;

ECLOGITES; FLUID INCLUSION; HIMALAYAS; MICROTHERMOMETRY; VEIN;

CARBON DIOXIDE;

EID: 56849115172     PISSN: 09351221     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1127/0935-1221/2007/0019-1748     Document Type: Article

References (92)

1. Andersen, T., Austrheim, H., Burke, E.A.J. (1990): Fluid inclusions in granulites and eclogites from the Bergen Arcs, Caledonides of W. Norway. Mineral. Mag., 54, 145-158.
2. Andrews, E. (1985): Stratigraphy of the Sabhaya Khola region, Sankhuwa Sabha district, eastern Nepal. J. Nepal Geol. Soc., 2, 12-35.
3. Arita, K. (1983): Origin of the inverted metamorphism of the Lower Himalayas, Central Nepal. Tectonophysics, 93, 43-60.
4. Bakker, R.J. (1997): CLATHRATES: computer programs to calculated fluid inclusion V-X properties using clathrate melting temperatures. Computers & Geosciences, 23, 1-18.
5. - (2003): Package FLUIDS 1. Computer programs for analysis of fluid inclusion data and for modelling bulk fluid properties. Chem. Geol, 194, 3-23.
6. Bakker, R.J. & Brown, P. (2003): Computer modelling in fluid inclusion research, in Fluid inclusions: analysis and interpretation, I. Samson, A. Anderson, D. Marshall, eds. Mineral. Assoc. Can., Short Course Series, 32, 175-212.
7. Bordet, P. (1961): Recherches géologiques dans l'Himalaya du Népal, région du Makalu. Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, 275 pp.
8. Borghi, A., Castelli, D., Lombardo, B., Visonà, D. (2003): Thermal and baric evolution of garnet granulites from the Kharta region of S Tibet, E Himalaya. Eur. J. Mineral, 15, 401-418.
9. Boullier, A.M., France-Lanord, C, Dubessy, J., Adamy, J., Champenois, M. (1991): Linked fluid and tectonic evolution in the High Himalaya mountains (Nepal). Contrib. Mineral. Petrol, 107, 358-372.
10. Brunei, M. (1983): Etude pétro-structurale des chevauchements ductiles en Himalaya (Népal oriental et Himalaya du Nord-Ouest). Thèse Doct. Sciences, Université de Paris VII, 395.
11. Burchfiel, B. C, Chen, Z., Hodges, K. V., Yuping, L., Royden, L. H., Changrong, D., Jiene, X. (1992): The south Tibetan detachment system, Himalayan Orogen: extension contemporaneous with and parallel to shortening in a collisional mountain belt.Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap., 269, 41.
12. Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Xizang Autonomous Region (1993): Regional geology of Xizang (Tibet) Autonomous Region. People's Republic of China, Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources, Geological Publishing House, Beijing, Geological Memoirs, ser. 1, 31, 707 (in Chinese, with English summary).
13. Burg, J.P (1983): Tectogénèse comparée de deux segments de chaînes de collision: le sud du Tibet et la Chaîne Hercynienne d'Europe. Thèse d'Etat, Université des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Montpellier, 361.
14. Burg, J.P., Brunei, M., Gapais, D., Chen, G., Liu, G. (1984): Deformation of leucogranites in the crystalline Main Central Sheet in southern Tibet (China). J. Struct. Geol., 6, 535-542.
15. Carosi, R., Lombardo, B., Molli, G., Musumeci, G., Pertusati, P.C. (1998): The south Tibetan detachment system in the Rongbuk Valley, Everest region. Deformation features and geological implications. J. Asian Earth Sci., 16, 299-311.
16. Carosi, R., Montomoli, C, Ruggieri G. (2005): Tectonic evolution and fluid inclusion data of the Main Central Thrust Zone in the Lower Dolpo (Western Nepal). European Current Research On Fluid Inclusions (ECROFI XVIII), Siena, Italy, 6-9 July 2005, Abstract CD.
17. Connolly, J.A.D. (1990): Multivariable phase diagrams: an algorithm based on generalized thermodynamics. Am. J. Sci., 290, 666-718.
18. Cottle, J.M, Jessup, M.J., Newell, D.L., Searle, M.P., Law, R.D. (2006): Structure of the South Tibetan Detachment System, Kharta region south Tibetan Himalaya. J. Asian Earth Sci., 26, 132.
19. Craw, D. (1990): Fluid evolution during uplift of the Annapurna Himal, Central Nepal. Lithos, 24, 137-150.
20. Craw, D., Koons, P.O., Winslow, D., Chamberlain, CP, Zeitler, P. (1994): Boiling fluids in a region of rapid uplift, Nanga Parbat Massif, Pakistan. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 128, 169-182.
21. Craw, D., Chamberlain, CP, Zeitler, P.K., Koons, P.O. (1997): Geochemistry of a dry steam geothermal zone formed during rapid uplift of Nanga Parbat, northern Pakistan. Chem. Geol., 142, 11-22.
22. Craw, D., Koons, P.O., Zeitler, P.K., Kidd, S.F. (2005): Fluid evolution and thermal structure in the rapidly exhuming gneiss complex of Namche Barwa-Gyala Peri, eastern Himalayan syntaxis. J. Metamor. Geol, 23, 829-845.
23. Diamond, L.W. (2003): Introduction to gas-bearing, aqueous fluid inclusions, in Fluid inclusions. Analysis and interpretation, I. Samson, A. Anderson, D. Marshall, eds. Mineralogical Association of Canada, Short Course Series, 32, 101-158.
24. Dietrich, V. & Gansser, A. (1981): The leucogranites of the Bhutan Himalaya (crustal anatexis versus mantle melting). Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt., 61, 177-202.
25. Ferrando, S., Frezzotti, M.L., Dallai, L., Compagnoni, R. (2005): Fluid-rock interaction in UHP phengite-kyanite-epidote eclog- ite from the Sulu orogen, Eastern China. Int. Geol. Rev., 47, 750-774.
26. Ferrara, G., Lombardo, B., Tonarini, S. (1983): Rb/Sr Geochronology of Granite and Gneisses from the Mount Everest Region, Nepal Himalaya. Geol. Rundschau, 72, 119-136.
27. Frezzotti, M.L., Cesare, B., Scambelluri, M. (2004): Fluids at extreme P-T metamorphic conditions: the message from high-grade rocks. Periodico di Mineralogia, special issue 2: A showcase of the Italian research in metamorphic petrology, 73, 209-219.
28. Fu, B., Zheng, Y.-F., Touret, J.L.R. (2002): Petrological, isotopic and fluid inclusion studies of eclogites from Sujiahe, NW Dabie Shan (China). Chem. Geol., 187, 107-128.
29. Fu, B., Touret, J.L.R., Zheng, Y.-F., Jahn, B.-M. (2003): Fluid inclusions in granulites, granulitized eclogites and garnet clinopyroxenites from the Dabie-Sulu terranes, eastern China. Lithos, 70, 293-319.
30. Goscombe, B., Hand, M. (2000): Contrasting P-T paths in the eastern Himalaya, Nepal: inverted isograds in a paired metamorphic mountain belt. J. Petrol, 41, 1673-1719.
31. Groppo, C, Lombardo, B., Rolfo, F., Pertusati, P. (2007): Clockwise exhumation path of granulitized eclogites from the Ama Drime range (Eastern Himalayas). J. Metamor. Geol, 25, 51-75.
32. Hodges, K.V., Bowring, S., Davidek, K., Hawkins, D., Krol, M. (1998): Evidence for rapid displacement on Himalayan normal faults and the importance of tectonic denudation in the evolution of mountain ranges. Geology, 26, 483-486.
33. Holland, T.J.B., Blundy, J.D. (1994): Non-ideal interactions in calcic amphiboles and their bearing on amphibole-plagioclase thermometry. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol, 116, 433-447.
34. 2 solubility. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull, 87, 1513-1518.
35. Holtz, E, Johannes, W., Tamic, N., Behrens, H. (2001): Maximum and minimum water contents of granitic melts generated in the crust: a re-evaluation and implications. Lithos, 56, 1-14.
36. Indares, A. & Dunning, G. (2001): Partial melting of high- P-T metapelites from the Tshenukutish Terrane (Grenville Province): petrography and U-Pb geochronology. J. Petrol, 42, 1547-1565.
37. Kerrick, D.M., Caldeira, K. (1999): Was the Himalayan orogen a climatically significant couplet source and sink for atmospheric CO2 during the Cenozoic?. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 173, 195-203.
38. Klemd, R., Bröcker, M. (1999): Fluid influence on mineral reactions in ultrahigh-pressure granulites: a case study in the Snieznik Mts. (West Sudetes, Poland). Contrib. Mineral Petrol, 136, 358-373.
39. Kretz, R. (1983): Symbols for rock-forming minerals. Am. Mineral, 68, 277-279.
40. Le Fort, P. (1975): Himalaya: the collided range: Present knowledge of the continental arc. Am. J. Sci., 275A, 1-44.
41. Leake, B.E., Woolley, A.R., Birch, W.D., Burke, E.A.J., Ferraris, G., Grice, J.D., Hawthorne, F.C., Kisch, H.J., Krivovichev, V.G., Schumacher, J.C., Stephenson, N.C.N., Whittaker, E.J.W. (2004): Nomenclature of amphiboles: additions and revisions to the International Mineralogical Association's amphibole nomenclature. Eur. J. Mineral, 16, 191-196.
42. Leroy, J., Le Fort, P., Poty, B. (1975): Some quartz crystals and their fluid inclusions from the Nepal Himalaya. Himalayan Geol, 5, 139-152.
43. Li, D., Liao, Q., Yuan, Y, Wan, Y, Liu, D., Zhang, X., Yi, S., Cao, S., Xie, D. (2003): SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology of granulites at Rimana (Southern Tibet) in the central segment of Himalayan Orogen. Chinese Science Bulletin, 48, 2647-2650.
44. Liu, S., Zhang, J., Shu, G., Li, Q. (2005): Mineral chemistry, P-T-t paths and exhumation processes of mafic granulites in Dinggye, Southern Tibet. Science in China Ser. D Earth Sciences, 48/11, 1870-1881.
45. Liu, Y., Siebel, W., Massonne, H.-J., Xiao, X. (2007): Geochronological and petrological constraints for tectonic evolution of the Central Greater Himalayan Sequence in the Kharta area, Southern Tibet. J. Geol., 115, 215-230.
46. Lombardo, B. & Rolfo, F. (2000): Two contrasting eclogite types in the Himalayas: implications for the Himalayan orogeny. J. Geodynam., 30, 37-60.
47. Lombardo, B., Pertusati, P., Borghi, A. (1993): Geology and tectono-magmatic evolution of the eastern Himalaya along the Chomolungma-Makalu transect, in Himalayan Tectonics, P.J. Treloar & M.P. Searle, eds. Geological Society of London, Special Publication, 74, 341-355.
48. Lombardo, B., Pertusati, P., Rolfo, R, Visona, D. (1998): First report of eclogites from the E Himalaya: implications for the Himalayan orogeny. Mem. Sci. Geol., 50, 67-68.
49. Meier, K. & Hiltner, E. (1993): Deformation and metamorphism within the Main Central Thrust zone, Arun tectonic Window, eastern Nepal, in Himalayan Tectonics, P.J. Treloar & M.P. Searle, eds. Geological Society of London, Special Publication, 74, 541-558.
50. Morimoto, N. (1988): Nomenclature of pyroxenes. Mineral. Mag., 52, 535-550.
51. Morrison, C.W.K. & Oliver, G.J.H. (1993): A study of illite crys- tallinity and fluid inclusions in the Kathmandu Klippe and the Main Central Thrust znoe, Nepal, in Himalayan Tectonics, P.J. Treloar, M.P. Searle, eds. Geological Society Special Publication, 74, 525-540.
52. Munyanyiwa, H., Touret, J.L.R., Jelsma, H.A. (1993): Thermobarometry and fluid evolution of enderbites within the Magondi Mobile Belt, northern Zimbabwe. Lithos, 29, 163-176.
53. Murphy, M. & Harrison, T.M. (1999): Relationship between leucogranites and the Qomolangma detachment in the Rongbuk Valley, South Tibet. Geology, 27, 831-837.
54. Nadeau, S., Philippot, P., Pineau, F. (1993): Fluid inclusion and mineral isotopic compositions (H-C-O) in eclogitic rocks as tracers of local fluid migration during high-pressure metamorphism. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 114, 431-448.
55. Pandey, A.K. & Virdi, N.S. (2003): Microstructural and fluid inclusion constraints on the evolution of Jakhri Thrust Zone in the Satluj valley of NW Himalaya. Curr. Sci, 84, 1355-1364.
56. Pandey, A.K., Sachan, H.K., Virdi, N.S. (2004): Exhumation history of a shear zone constrained by microstructural and fluid inclusion techniques: an example from the Satluj valley, NW Himalaya, India. J. Asian Earth Sci, 23, 391-406.
57. Pêcher, A. (1978): Deformation et metamorphisme associés a une zone de cisallement. Example du grand chevauchement central Himalayen (MCT), transversale des Annapurnas et du Manaslu, Népal. Thèse Doct. Sciences, Université de Grenoble, 353.
58. - (1979): Les inclusions fluides des quartz d'exsudation de la zone du M.C.T. hamalayen au Nepal central: Données sur la phase fluide dans une grande zone de cisaillement crustal. Bull. Minéral, 102, 537-554.
59. Philippot, P., Chevallier, P., Chopin, C, Dubessy, J. (1995): Fluid composition and evolution in coesite-bearing rocks (Dora- Maira massif, Western Alps): implications for element recycling during subduction. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 121, 29-44.
60. Poage, M.A., Page Chamberlain, C, Craw, D. (2000): Massif-wide metamorphism and fluid evolution at Nanga Parbat, Northern Pakistan. Am. J. Sci., 300, 463-482.
61. Pognantc, U. & Benna, P. (1993): Metamorphic zonation, migmatization, and leucogranites along the Everest transect (Eastern Nepal and Tibet): record of an exhumation history, in Himalayan Tectonics, P.J. Treloar & M.P. Searle, eds. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ, 74, 323-340.
62. Pouchou, J.L. & Pichoir, F. (1988): Determination of mass absorption coefficients for soft X-Rays by use of the electron micro- probe. Microbeam Analysis, San Francisco Press, 319-324.
63. Raase, P. (1974): Al and Ti contents of hornblende, indicators of pressure and temperature of regional metamorphism. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. As, 231-236.
64. Robinson, D., DeCelles, P.G., Patchett, J., Garzione, C.N. (2001): The kinematic evolution of the Nepalese Himalaya interpreted from Nd isotopes. Earth Planet. Sci: Lett., 192, 507-521.
65. Roedder, E. (1984): Fluid inclusions. Rev. Mineral., Mineral. Soc. Am., 12, 678.
66. Rolfo, F., Lombardo, B., Mcclelland, W. (2005): Geochemistry and geochronology of E Himalaya Eclogites. Mitt. Österr. Miner. Ges. 150, 134.
67. Sachan, H.K. & Mukherjee, B.K. (2001): Evidences of fluid re-equilibration in blueschist rocks from Shergol Ophiolitic Melange, Indus Suture Zone, Ladakh. Himalayan Geol., 22, 127-133.
68. Sachan, H.H., Bodnar, R.J., Islam, R., Szabó, C, Law, R.D. (1999): Exhumation history of eclogites from the Tso-Morari Crystalline Complex in Eastern Ladakh: mineralogical and fluid inclusion constraints. J. Geol. Soc. India, 53, 181-190.
69. Sachan, H.K., Sharma, R., Sahai, A., Gururajan, N.S. (2001): Fluid events and exhumation history of the main central thrust zone Garhwal Himalaya (India). J. Asian Earth Sci., 19, 207-221.
70. Sauniac, S. & Touret, J.L.R. (1983): Petrology and fluid inclusions of a quartz-kyanite segregation in the main thrust zone of the Himalayas. Lithos, 16, 35-45.
71. Scambelluri, M., Pennacchioni, G., Philippot, P. (1998): Salt-rich aqueous fluids formed during eclogitization of metabasites in the Alpine continental crust (Austroalpine Mt. Emilius unit, Italian western Alps). Lithos, 43, 151-167.
72. Schärer, U. (1984): The effect of initial 230Th disequilibrium on young U-Pb ages; the Makalu case, Himalaya. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 67, 191-204.
73. Scharer, U., Xu, R., Allegre, C.J. (1986): U-(Th)-Pb systematics and ages of Himalayan leucogranites, South Tibet. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 77, 35-48.
74. Simpson, R.L., Parrish, R.R., Searle, M.P., Waters, D.J. (2000): Two episodes of monazite crystallization during metamorphism and crustal melting in the Everest region of the Nepalese Himalaya. Geology, 28, 403-406.
75. Touret, J.L.R. (1986): Fluid inclusions in rocks from the lower continental crust, in The nature of the lower continental crust, J.B. Dawson, D.A. Carswell, J. Hall, K.H. Wedepohl, eds. Geological Society Special Publication, 24, 161-172.
76. - , (1995): The role and nature of fluids in the continental lower crust. India and Antarctica during the Precambrian, Mem. Geol. Soc. India, 34, 143-160.
77. - , (2001): Fluids in metamorphic rocks. Lithos, 55, 1-25.
78. Touret, J.L.R. & Dietvorst, P. (1983): Fluid inclusions in high-grade anatectic metamorphites. J. Geol. Soc. London, 140, 635-649.
79. Touret, J.L.R. & Frezzotti, M.L. (2003): Fluid inclusions in high pressure and ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks. in Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism, D.A. Carswell & R. Compagnoni, eds. E.M.U. Notes in Mineralogy, 5, 467-487.
80. Touret, J.L.R. & Olsen, S. N. (1985): Fluid inclusions in migmatites. in Migmatites, J. R. Ashworth, ed. Blakie Publication, 265-286.
81. Ulmer, P. (1986): NORM-Program for cation and oxygen mineral norms. Computer Library, Institut fûr Mineralogie und Petrographie, ETH-Zentrum, Zürich, Switzerland.
82. Upreti, B.N. (1999): An overview of the stratigraphy and tectonics of the Nepal Himalaya. J. Asian Earth Sci, 17, 577-606.
83. Xiao, Y.L., Hoefs, J., van den Kerkhof, A.M., Fiebig, J., Zheng, Y. (2000): Fluid history of UHP metamorphism in Dabie Shan, China: a fluid inclusion and oxygen isotope study on the coesite- bearing eclogite from Bixiling. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol, 139, 1-16.
84. Vannay, J.C., Grasemann, B., Rahn, M., Frank, W., Carter, A., Baudraz, V. (2004): Miocene to Holocene exhumation of metamorphic crustal wedges in the Himalayan orogen: evidence for tectonic extrusion coupled to fluvial erosion. Tectonics, 23, article NoTC1014.
85. van den Kerkhof, A.M. & Hein, U.F. (2001): Fluid inclusion petrography. Lithos, 55, 27-47.
86. Visonà, D. & Lombardo, B. (2002): Two mica and tourmaline leucogranites from the Everest- Makalu region (Nepal-Tibet): Himalayan leucogranite genesis by isobaric heating? Lithos, 62, 125-150.
87. Visona, D., Villa, I.M., Pertusati, P., Lombardo, B. (2000): Different varieties of Miocene leucogranite in the Aran Valley- Everest Makalu area: field relations, petrology and isotope geochemistry. Earth Science Frontiers, 15th Himalaya-Karakorum-Tibet International Workshop, Abstract Volume, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100-101.
88. Winslow, D.M., Zeitler, P.K., Chamberlain, CP., Hollister, L.S. (1994): Direct evidence for a steep geotherm under conditions of rapid denudation, Western Himalaya, Pakistan. Geology, 22, 1075-1078.
89. Yardley, B., Gleeson, S., Bruce, S, Banks, D. (2000): Origin of retrograde fluids in metamorphic rocks. J. Geochem. Explor., 69-70, 281-285.
90. Yin, C, & Kuo, S.T. (1978): Stratigraphy of the Mount Jolmo Lungma and its North slope. Scientia Sirica, 21, 629-644.
91. Zakrutkin, V.V. (1968): The evolution of amphiboles during metamorphism. Zapiski Vsesoyuziwvo Mineralogicheskovo Obshchestva, 96, 13-23.
92. Zhang, J., & Guo, L. (2007): Structure and geochronology of the southern Xainza-Dinggye rift and its relationship to the south Tibetan detachment system. J. Asian Earth Sci., 29, 722-736.