Lead content in household paints in India

Science of the Total Environment

Volumn 407, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 333-337

  Kumar, Abhay ^a   Gottesfeld, Perry ^b  

^a Toxics Link   (India)

^b Occupational Knowledge International   (United States)

Author keywords

Decorative paints; Enamel paints; Latex paints; Lead; Standards

Indexed keywords

CONSUMER PRODUCTS; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; DEWATERING; ENAMELS; LATEXES; LEAD; LEAD COMPOUNDS;

DECORATIVE PAINTS; DEVELOPED COUNTRIES; HEALTH IMPACTS; LATEX PAINTS; LEAD CONCENTRATIONS; LEAD CONTENTS; PAINT SAMPLES; REGULATORY LEVELS; UNITED STATES;

PAINT;

LEAD; PAINT;

COMMODITY; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); DEVELOPING WORLD; HEALTH IMPACT; HOUSEHOLD SURVEY; LEAD;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; INDIA; PAINT INDUSTRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; HOUSING; INDIA; LEAD; PAINT;

ASIA; EURASIA; INDIA; NORTH AMERICA; SOUTH ASIA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 56649097347     PISSN: 00489697     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.08.038     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Adebamowo E.O., Clark C.S., Roda S., Agbede O.A., Sridhar M.K.C., and Adebamowo C.A. Lead content of dried films of domestic paints currently sold in Nigeria. Sci Total Environ 388 1-3 (2007) 116-120
2. American Academy of Pediatrics, Policy Statement. Lead exposure in children: prevention, detection, and management. Pediatrics 116 4 (2005) 1036-1046
3. American Journal of Public Health. Prohibition of white lead in Belgium. 1923; 13: 337.
4. ATSDR. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Toxicological profile for lead (Draft for public comment) (2005), Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, USA
5. Barboza D. Why Lead in Toy Paint? It's Cheaper (2007), New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/11/business/worldbusiness/11lead.html?_r= 1&th&emc=th&oref=slogin http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/11/business/worldbusiness/11lead.html?_r= 1&th&emc=th&oref=slogin (accessed on 11 September, 2007)
6. Best, Dana. Statement to the House, Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade and Consumer Protection. Protecting Children from Lead-Tainted Imports. Hearing, September 20, 2007. www.healthytoys.org/documents/COEH%20Ltr%202007%20Testimony.pdf. (accessed September 2007).
7. Bureau of Indian Standards. Indian Standard Paint, Plastic Emulsion-Specification. IS 15489:2004 Superceding IS 5411 (part 1): 1974 and IS 5411 (part 2): 1972.
8. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. Preventing lead poisoning in young children: a statement by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1991) Atlanta, GA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
9. Clark C.S., Rampal K.G., Thuppil V., Chen C.K., Clark R., and Roda S. The lead content of currently available new residential paint in several Asian countries. Environ Res 102 (2006) 9-12
10. Falk H. International environmental health for the pediatrician: case study of lead poisoning. Pediatrics 112 (2003) 259-264
11. ILZSG. World lead chemicals productions and usage (2004), International Lead and Zinc Study Group, Lisbon, Portugal
12. Koller K., Brown T., Spurgeon A., and Levy L. Recent developments in low-level lead exposure and intellectual impairment in children. Environ Health Perspect 112 9 (2004) 987-994
13. Kumar A., and Pastore P. Lead and cadmium in soft plastic toys. Curr Sci 93 6 (2007) 818-822
14. Markowitz G., and Rosner D. "Cater to the children": the role of the lead industry in a public health tragedy, 1900-1955. Am J Publ Health 90 1 (2000) 36-46
15. Needleman H.L. Environmental lead and children's intelligence. Studies included in the meta-analysis are not representative [Letter]. Br Med J 310 (1995) 1408
16. Needleman H.L. Bellinger D. Studies of lead exposure and the developing central nervous system: a reply to Kaufman. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 16 (2001) 359-374
17. Needleman H.L., Gunnoe C., and Leviton A. Deficits in psychologic and classroom performance of children with elevated dentine lead levels [published correction appears in N Engl J Med 1994; 331:616-617]. N Engl J Med 300 (1979) 689-695
18. Needleman H.L., Schell A., Bellinger D., Leviton A., and Allred E.N. The long-term effects of exposure to low doses of lead in childhood: an 11-year follow-up report. N Engl J Med 322 (1990) 83-88
19. Needleman H.L., McFarland C., Ness R.B., Fienberg S.E., and Tobin M.J. Bone lead levels in adjudicated delinquents. A case control study. Neurotoxicol Teratol 24 (2002) 711-717
20. Nriagu J., Oleru N.T., Cudjoe C., and Chine A. Lead poisoning of children in Africa, III. Kaduna, Nigeria. Sci Total Environ 197 (1997) 13-19
21. Pocock S.J., Smith M., and Baghurst P. Environmental lead and children's intelligence: a systematic review of the epidemiological evidence. BMJ 309 (1994) 1189-1197
22. Rabin R. Warnings unheeded: a history of child lead poisoning. Am J Public Health 79 12 (1989) 1668-1674
23. Rosner D., Markowitz G., and Lanphear B.J. Lockhart Gibson and the discovery of the impact of lead pigments on children's health: a review of a century of knowledge. Public Health Rep 120 (2005) 296-300
24. Sciarillo W.G., Alexander G., and Farrell K.P. Lead exposure and child behavior. Am J Public Health 82 (1992) 1356-1360
25. Tanquerel des Planches L., and Dana S.L. Lead Diseases: a Treatise from the French of L. Tanquerel Des Planches: With Notes and Additions on the Use of Lead Pipe and Its Substitutes (1848), D. Bixby and Company, Lowell, MA. http://books.google.com/books?id=730aAAAAMAAJ 441 pp. http://books.google.com/books?id=730aAAAAMAAJ (accessed August 2008)
26. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (US CPSC), 1977. Notice reducing allowable levels of Pb. Final rule, fed register. 42 (1 September 1977). 44199 pp.
27. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, "Regulatory InvestigationConcerning Limits for Lead in Paint" Briefing Package OS#5190, 1993.
28. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act, 2008. One hundred and tenth congress of the united States of America at the second session begun and held at the city of Washington on Thursday, the third day of January, two thousand eight. page number 5 () (accessed in September 2008).
29. United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). Standard Operating Procedures for Lead in Paint by Hotplate or Microwave-based Acid Digestions and Atomic Absorption or Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, EPA, PB92-114172, September, 1991. 2001.
30. Warren C. Brush With Death: A Social History of Lead Poisoning (2000), Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD