메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 20-22, 2008, Pages 1530-1541

Animal models of tendinopathy

Author keywords

Animal model; Collagenase; Overuse; Tendinopathy; Tendon

Indexed keywords

AGGRECAN; COLLAGEN TYPE 2; COLLAGEN TYPE 3; CONNECTIVE TISSUE GROWTH FACTOR; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2; FLICE INHIBITORY PROTEIN; GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN; HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 27; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR 5; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR 6; NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR; SOMATOMEDIN B; SOMATOMEDIN BINDING PROTEIN; SOMATOMEDIN C; STROMELYSIN; TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASE; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; VASCULOTROPIN; VASCULOTROPIN RECEPTOR 1; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR;

EID: 56449128311     PISSN: 09638288     EISSN: 14645165     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09638280701785460     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (68)

References (94)
  • 2
    • 33645733750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VEGF, VEGFR-1, and CTGF cell densities in tendon are increased with cyclical loading: An in vivo tendinopathy model
    • Nakama, L. H., King, K. B., Abrahamsson, S. and Rempel, D. M. (2006) VEGF, VEGFR-1, and CTGF cell densities in tendon are increased with cyclical loading: An in vivo tendinopathy model. J Orthop Res, 24:3, pp. 393-400.
    • (2006) J Orthop Res , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 393-400
    • Nakama, L.H.1    King, K.B.2    Abrahamsson, S.3    Rempel, D.M.4
  • 3
    • 0031115423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tendons - A source of major concern in competitive and recreational athletes
    • Kannus, P. (1997) Tendons - a source of major concern in competitive and recreational athletes. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 7:2, pp. 53-54.
    • (1997) Scand J Med Sci Sports , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 53-54
    • Kannus, P.1
  • 4
    • 56449114268 scopus 로고
    • Occupational injuries and illnesses - Counts, rates, and characteristics
    • United States Bureau of Labor Statistics United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC
    • United States Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational injuries and illnesses - counts, rates, and characteristics. 1995, The bureau: For sale by the US, United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC
    • (1995) The Bureau: For Sale By the US
  • 5
    • 0017066288 scopus 로고
    • Achilles tendonitis in runners: A report of five cases
    • Clancy Jr., W. G., Neidhart, D. and Brand, R. L. (1976) Achilles tendonitis in runners: A report of five cases. Am J Sports Med, 4:2, pp. 46-57.
    • (1976) Am J Sports Med , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 46-57
    • Clancy Jr., W.G.1    Neidhart, D.2    Brand, R.L.3
  • 7
    • 0023188446 scopus 로고
    • Surgical management of Achilles tendinitis
    • Schepsis, A. A. and Leach, R. E. (1987) Surgical management of Achilles tendinitis. Am J Sports Med, 15, pp. 308-315.
    • (1987) Am J Sports Med , vol.15 , pp. 308-315
    • Schepsis, A.A.1    Leach, R.E.2
  • 8
    • 0026702379 scopus 로고
    • The surgical treatment of tendinitis
    • Leadbetter, W. B., Mooar, P. A., Lane, G. J. and Lee, S. J. (1992) The surgical treatment of tendinitis. Clinical rationale and biologic basis. Clin Sports Med, 11, pp. 679-712.
    • (1992) Clin Sports Med , vol.11 , pp. 679-712
    • Leadbetter, W.B.1    Mooar, P.A.2    Lane, G.J.3    Lee, S.J.4
  • 9
    • 0026497377 scopus 로고
    • Microscopic histopathology of chronic refractory lateral epicondylitis
    • Regan, W., Wold, L. E., Coonrad, R. and Morrey, B. F. (1992) Microscopic histopathology of chronic refractory lateral epicondylitis. Am J Sports Med, 20:6, pp. 746-749.
    • (1992) Am J Sports Med , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 746-749
    • Regan, W.1    Wold, L.E.2    Coonrad, R.3    Morrey, B.F.4
  • 10
    • 0029020098 scopus 로고
    • Lateral epicondylitis: Correlation of MR imaging, surgical, and histopathologic findings
    • Potter, H. G., Hannafin, J. A., Morwessel, R. M., DiCarlo, E. F., O'Brien, S. J. and Altchek, D. W. (1995) Lateral epicondylitis: Correlation of MR imaging, surgical, and histopathologic findings. Radiology, 196:1, pp. 43-46.
    • (1995) Radiology , vol.196 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-46
    • Potter, H.G.1    Hannafin, J.A.2    Morwessel, R.M.3    DiCarlo, E.F.4    O'Brien, S.J.5    Altchek, D.W.6
  • 11
    • 0029079912 scopus 로고
    • Chronic Achilles tendinopathy
    • Astrom, M. and Rausing, A. (1995) Chronic Achilles tendinopathy. A survey of surgical and histopathologic findings. Clin Orthop Relat Res, pp. 151-164.
    • (1995) Clin Orthop Relat Res , pp. 151-164
    • Astrom, M.1    Rausing, A.2
  • 12
    • 0030944718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tendon pathology in long-standing achillodynia
    • Movin, T., Gad, A., Reinholt, F. P. and Rolf, C. (1997) Tendon pathology in long-standing achillodynia. Biopsy findings in 40 patients. Acta Orthop Scand, 68:2, pp. 170-175.
    • (1997) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 170-175
    • Movin, T.1    Gad, A.2    Reinholt, F.P.3    Rolf, C.4
  • 13
    • 0031755545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patellar tendinopathy: Some aspects of basic science and clinical management
    • Khan, K. M., Maffulli, N., Coleman, B. D., Cook, J. L. and Taunton, J. E. (1998) Patellar tendinopathy: Some aspects of basic science and clinical management. Br J Sports Med, 32:4, pp. 346-355.
    • (1998) Br J Sports Med , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 346-355
    • Khan, K.M.1    Maffulli, N.2    Coleman, B.D.3    Cook, J.L.4    Taunton, J.E.5
  • 14
    • 0033250391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ microdialysis in tendon tissue: High levels of glutamate, but not prostaglandin E2 in chronic Achilles tendon pain
    • Alfredson, H., Thorsen, K. and Lorentzon, R. (1999) In situ microdialysis in tendon tissue: High levels of glutamate, but not prostaglandin E2 in chronic Achilles tendon pain. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 7:6, pp. 378-381.
    • (1999) Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc , vol.7 , Issue.6 , pp. 378-381
    • Alfredson, H.1    Thorsen, K.2    Lorentzon, R.3
  • 15
    • 0033756427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo investigation of ECRB tendons with microdialysis technique - No signs of inflammation but high amounts of glutamate in tennis elbow
    • Alfredson, H., Ljung, B. O., Thorsen, K. and Lorentzon, R. (2000) In vivo investigation of ECRB tendons with microdialysis technique - no signs of inflammation but high amounts of glutamate in tennis elbow. Acta Orthop Scand, 71:5, pp. 475-479.
    • (2000) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.71 , Issue.5 , pp. 475-479
    • Alfredson, H.1    Ljung, B.O.2    Thorsen, K.3    Lorentzon, R.4
  • 16
    • 0034858448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo microdialysis and immunohistochemical analyses of tendon tissue demonstrated high amounts of free glutamate and glutamate NMDAR1 receptors, but no signs of inflammation, in Jumper's knee
    • Alfredson, H., Forsgren, S., Thorsen, K. and Lorentzon, R. (2001) In vivo microdialysis and immunohistochemical analyses of tendon tissue demonstrated high amounts of free glutamate and glutamate NMDAR1 receptors, but no signs of inflammation, in Jumper's knee. J Orthop Res, 19:5, pp. 881-886.
    • (2001) J Orthop Res , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 881-886
    • Alfredson, H.1    Forsgren, S.2    Thorsen, K.3    Lorentzon, R.4
  • 17
    • 0036022867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achilles tendinopathy: Some aspects of basic science and clinical management
    • Kader, D., Saxena, A., Movin, T. and Maffulli, N. (2002) Achilles tendinopathy: Some aspects of basic science and clinical management. Br J Sports Med, 36:4, pp. 239-249.
    • (2002) Br J Sports Med , vol.36 , Issue.4 , pp. 239-249
    • Kader, D.1    Saxena, A.2    Movin, T.3    Maffulli, N.4
  • 18
    • 11844274558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tendon injury and tendinopathy: Healing and repair
    • Sharma, P. and Maffulli, N. (2005) Tendon injury and tendinopathy: healing and repair. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 87:1, pp. 187-202.
    • (2005) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.87 , Issue.1 , pp. 187-202
    • Sharma, P.1    Maffulli, N.2
  • 19
    • 34250617042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of animal models for the study of tendinopathy
    • Warden, S. J. (2007) Development of animal models for the study of tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med, 41:4, pp. 232-240.
    • (2007) Br J Sports Med , vol.41 , Issue.4 , pp. 232-240
    • Warden, S.J.1
  • 20
    • 33646169445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current concepts in the management of tendon disorders
    • Rees, J. D., Wilson, A. M. and Wolman, R. L. (2006) Current concepts in the management of tendon disorders. Rheumatology (Oxford), 45:5, pp. 508-521.
    • (2006) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.45 , Issue.5 , pp. 508-521
    • Rees, J.D.1    Wilson, A.M.2    Wolman, R.L.3
  • 21
    • 0028140334 scopus 로고
    • Rotator cuff degeneration and lateral epicondylitis: A comparative histological study
    • Chard, M. D., Cawston, T. E., Riley, G. P., Gresham, G. A. and Hazleman, B. L. (1994) Rotator cuff degeneration and lateral epicondylitis: A comparative histological study. Ann Rheum Dis, 53:1, pp. 30-34.
    • (1994) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.53 , Issue.1 , pp. 30-34
    • Chard, M.D.1    Cawston, T.E.2    Riley, G.P.3    Gresham, G.A.4    Hazleman, B.L.5
  • 22
    • 0036152440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tendinopathy of tendo achillis
    • Maffulli, N. and Kader, D. (2002) Tendinopathy of tendo achillis. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 84:1, pp. 1-8.
    • (2002) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.84 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-8
    • Maffulli, N.1    Kader, D.2
  • 23
    • 0141619362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Types and epidemiology of tendinopathy
    • Maffulli, N., Wong, J. and Almekinders, L. C. (2003) Types and epidemiology of tendinopathy. Clin Sports Med, 22:4, pp. 675-692.
    • (2003) Clin Sports Med , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 675-692
    • Maffulli, N.1    Wong, J.2    Almekinders, L.C.3
  • 24
    • 0032785647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histopathology of common tendinopathies
    • Khan, K. M., Cook, J. L., Bonar, F., Harcourt, P. and Astrom, M. (1999) Histopathology of common tendinopathies. Update and implications for clinical management. Sports Med, 27:6, pp. 393-408.
    • (1999) Sports Med , vol.27 , Issue.6 , pp. 393-408
    • Khan, K.M.1    Cook, J.L.2    Bonar, F.3    Harcourt, P.4    Astrom, M.5
  • 25
    • 34247132214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased deposition of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in human patellar tendinopathy
    • Fu, S. C., Chan, K. M. and Rolf, C. G. (2007) Increased deposition of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in human patellar tendinopathy. Clin J Sport Med, 17:2, pp. 129-134.
    • (2007) Clin J Sport Med , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 129-134
    • Fu, S.C.1    Chan, K.M.2    Rolf, C.G.3
  • 27
    • 0036908750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) in 11 patients with patellar tendinosis
    • Fu, S. C., Chan, B. P., Wang, W., Pau, H. M., Chan, K. M. and Rolf, C. G. (2002) Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) in 11 patients with patellar tendinosis. Acta Orthop Scand, 73:6, pp. 658-662.
    • (2002) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.73 , Issue.6 , pp. 658-662
    • Fu, S.C.1    Chan, B.P.2    Wang, W.3    Pau, H.M.4    Chan, K.M.5    Rolf, C.G.6
  • 28
    • 0036169329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matrix metalloproteinase activities and their relationship with collagen remodelling in tendon pathology
    • Riley, G. P., Curry, V., DeGroot, J., van El B., Verzijl, N., Hazleman, B. L. and Bank, R. A. (2002) Matrix metalloproteinase activities and their relationship with collagen remodelling in tendon pathology. Matrix Biol, 21:2, pp. 185-195.
    • (2002) Matrix Biol , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 185-195
    • Riley, G.P.1    Curry, V.2    DeGroot, J.3    van El, B.4    Verzijl, N.5    Hazleman, B.L.6    Bank, R.A.7
  • 29
    • 0141634183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • cDNA-arrays and real-time quantitative PCR techniques in the investigation of chronic Achilles tendinosis
    • Alfredson, H., Lorentzon, M., Backman, S., Backman, A. and Lerner, U. H. (2003) cDNA-arrays and real-time quantitative PCR techniques in the investigation of chronic Achilles tendinosis. J Orthop Res, 21:6, pp. 970-975.
    • (2003) J Orthop Res , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 970-975
    • Alfredson, H.1    Lorentzon, M.2    Backman, S.3    Backman, A.4    Lerner, U.H.5
  • 30
    • 27644464348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matrix metalloproteases: A role in over use tendinopathies
    • Magra, M. and Maffulli, N. (2005) Matrix metalloproteases: A role in over use tendinopathies. Br J Sports Med, 39:11, pp. 789-791.
    • (2005) Br J Sports Med , vol.39 , Issue.11 , pp. 789-791
    • Magra, M.1    Maffulli, N.2
  • 31
    • 0031229603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degeneration at the insertion weakens the tensile strength of the supraspinatus tendon: A comparative mechanical and histologic study of the bone-tendon complex
    • Sano, H., Ishii, H., Yeadon, A., Backman, D. S., Brunet, J. A. and Uhthoff, H. K. (1997) Degeneration at the insertion weakens the tensile strength of the supraspinatus tendon: A comparative mechanical and histologic study of the bone-tendon complex. J Orthop Res, 15:5, pp. 719-726.
    • (1997) J Orthop Res , vol.15 , Issue.5 , pp. 719-726
    • Sano, H.1    Ishii, H.2    Yeadon, A.3    Backman, D.S.4    Brunet, J.A.5    Uhthoff, H.K.6
  • 32
    • 0026339892 scopus 로고
    • Histopathological changes preceding spontaneous rupture of a tendon
    • Kannus, P. and Jozsa, L. (1991) Histopathological changes preceding spontaneous rupture of a tendon. A controlled study of 891 patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 73:10, pp. 1507-1525.
    • (1991) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.73 , Issue.10 , pp. 1507-1525
    • Kannus, P.1    Jozsa, L.2
  • 33
    • 0142166161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathologic evidence of degeneration as a primary cause of rotator cuff tear
    • Hashimoto, T., Nobuhara, K. and Hamada, T. (2003) Pathologic evidence of degeneration as a primary cause of rotator cuff tear. Clin Orthop Relat Res, pp. 111-120.
    • (2003) Clin Orthop Relat Res , pp. 111-120
    • Hashimoto, T.1    Nobuhara, K.2    Hamada, T.3
  • 35
    • 0030227626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and use of an animal model for investigations on rotator cuff disease
    • Soslowsky, L. J., Carpenter, J. E., DeBano, C. M., Banerji, I. and Moalli, M. R. (1996) Development and use of an animal model for investigations on rotator cuff disease. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 5:5, pp. 383-392.
    • (1996) J Shoulder Elbow Surg , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 383-392
    • Soslowsky, L.J.1    Carpenter, J.E.2    DeBano, C.M.3    Banerji, I.4    Moalli, M.R.5
  • 36
    • 0034154677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neer Award 1999. Overuse activity injures the supraspinatus tendon in an animal model: A histologic and biomechanical study
    • Soslowsky, L. J., Thomopoulos, S., Tun, S., Flanagan, C. L., Keefer, C. C., Mastaw, J. and Carpenter, J. E. (2000) Neer Award 1999. Overuse activity injures the supraspinatus tendon in an animal model: A histologic and biomechanical study. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 9:2, pp. 79-84.
    • (2000) J Shoulder Elbow Surg , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 79-84
    • Soslowsky, L.J.1    Thomopoulos, S.2    Tun, S.3    Flanagan, C.L.4    Keefer, C.C.5    Mastaw, J.6    Carpenter, J.E.7
  • 37
    • 33947133223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tenocyte responses to mechanical loading in vivo: A role for local insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling in early tendinosis in rats
    • Scott, A., Cook, J. L., Hart, D. A., Walker, D. C., Duronio, V. and Khan, K. M. (2007) Tenocyte responses to mechanical loading in vivo: A role for local insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling in early tendinosis in rats. Arthritis Rheum, 56:3, pp. 871-881.
    • (2007) Arthritis Rheum , vol.56 , Issue.3 , pp. 871-881
    • Scott, A.1    Cook, J.L.2    Hart, D.A.3    Walker, D.C.4    Duronio, V.5    Khan, K.M.6
  • 39
    • 33845431234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microarray analysis of the tendinopathic rat supraspinatus tendon: Glutamate signaling and its potential role in tendon degeneration
    • Molloy, T. J., Kemp, M. W., Wang, Y. and Murrell, G. A. (2006) Microarray analysis of the tendinopathic rat supraspinatus tendon: Glutamate signaling and its potential role in tendon degeneration. J Appl Physiol, 101:6, pp. 1702-1709.
    • (2006) J Appl Physiol , vol.101 , Issue.6 , pp. 1702-1709
    • Molloy, T.J.1    Kemp, M.W.2    Wang, Y.3    Murrell, G.A.4
  • 40
    • 0032979402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of novel signaling pathways during functional adaptation of the skeleton to mechanical loading: The role of glutamate as a paracrine signaling agent in the skeleton
    • Skerry, T. M. (1999) Identification of novel signaling pathways during functional adaptation of the skeleton to mechanical loading: The role of glutamate as a paracrine signaling agent in the skeleton. J Bone Miner Metab, 17:1, pp. 66-70.
    • (1999) J Bone Miner Metab , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 66-70
    • Skerry, T.M.1
  • 41
    • 13844310060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory and angiogenic mRNA levels are altered in a supraspinatus tendon overuse animal model
    • Perry, S. M., McIlhenny, S. E., Hoffman, M. C. and Soslowsky, L. J. (2005) Inflammatory and angiogenic mRNA levels are altered in a supraspinatus tendon overuse animal model. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 14:1, pp. 79S-83S.
    • (2005) J Shoulder Elbow Surg , vol.14 , Issue.1
    • Perry, S.M.1    McIlhenny, S.E.2    Hoffman, M.C.3    Soslowsky, L.J.4
  • 42
    • 33644863035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of nitric oxide synthases in tendon overuse
    • Szomor, Z. L., Appleyard, R. C. and Murrell, G. A. (2006) Overexpression of nitric oxide synthases in tendon overuse. J Orthop Res, 24:1, pp. 80-86.
    • (2006) J Orthop Res , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 80-86
    • Szomor, Z.L.1    Appleyard, R.C.2    Murrell, G.A.3
  • 43
    • 0037257845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic repetitive reaching and grasping results in decreased motor performance and widespread tissue responses in a rat model of MSD
    • Barbe, M. F., Barr, A. E., Gorzelany, I., Amin, M., Gaughan, J. P. and Safadi, F. F. (2003) Chronic repetitive reaching and grasping results in decreased motor performance and widespread tissue responses in a rat model of MSD. J Orthop Res, 21:1, pp. 167-176.
    • (2003) J Orthop Res , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 167-176
    • Barbe, M.F.1    Barr, A.E.2    Gorzelany, I.3    Amin, M.4    Gaughan, J.P.5    Safadi, F.F.6
  • 44
    • 0025455630 scopus 로고
    • Chronic achilles paratenonitis with tendinosis: An experimental model in the rabbit
    • Backman, C., Boquist, L., Friden, J., Lorentzon, R. and Toolanen, G. (1990) Chronic achilles paratenonitis with tendinosis: An experimental model in the rabbit. J Orthop Res, 8:4, pp. 541-547.
    • (1990) J Orthop Res , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 541-547
    • Backman, C.1    Boquist, L.2    Friden, J.3    Lorentzon, R.4    Toolanen, G.5
  • 45
    • 0034831110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of rabbit Achilles tendon to chronic repetitive loading
    • Archambault, J. M., Hart, D. A. and Herzog, W. (2001) Response of rabbit Achilles tendon to chronic repetitive loading. Connect Tissue Res, 42:1, pp. 13-23.
    • (2001) Connect Tissue Res , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-23
    • Archambault, J.M.1    Hart, D.A.2    Herzog, W.3
  • 46
    • 24344442851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of tendon microtears due to cyclical loading in an in vivo tendinopathy model
    • Nakama, L. H., King, K. B., Abrahamsson, S. and Rempel, D. M. (2005) Evidence of tendon microtears due to cyclical loading in an in vivo tendinopathy model. J Orthop Res, 23:5, pp. 1199-1205.
    • (2005) J Orthop Res , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 1199-1205
    • Nakama, L.H.1    King, K.B.2    Abrahamsson, S.3    Rempel, D.M.4
  • 47
    • 0030986969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulsed magnetic and electromagnetic fields in experimental achilles tendonitis in the rat: A prospective randomized study
    • Lee, E. W., Maffulli, N., Li, C. K. and Chan, K. M. (1997) Pulsed magnetic and electromagnetic fields in experimental achilles tendonitis in the rat: A prospective randomized study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 78:4, pp. 399-404.
    • (1997) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.78 , Issue.4 , pp. 399-404
    • Lee, E.W.1    Maffulli, N.2    Li, C.K.3    Chan, K.M.4
  • 51
    • 0015274266 scopus 로고
    • Anterior acromioplasty for the chronic impingement syndrome in the shoulder: A preliminary report
    • Neer 2nd, C. S. (1972) Anterior acromioplasty for the chronic impingement syndrome in the shoulder: A preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 54:1, pp. 41-50.
    • (1972) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.54 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-50
    • Neer II, C.S.1
  • 54
    • 0031762994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of overuse combined with intrinsic or extrinsic alterations in an animal model of rotator cuff tendinosis
    • Carpenter, J. E., Flanagan, C. L., Thomopoulos, S., Yian, E. H. and Soslowsky, L. J. (1998) The effects of overuse combined with intrinsic or extrinsic alterations in an animal model of rotator cuff tendinosis. Am J Sports Med, 26:6, pp. 801-807.
    • (1998) Am J Sports Med , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 801-807
    • Carpenter, J.E.1    Flanagan, C.L.2    Thomopoulos, S.3    Yian, E.H.4    Soslowsky, L.J.5
  • 55
    • 0032111037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural changes of the rotator cuff caused by experimental subacromial impingement in the rat
    • Schneeberger, A. G., Nyffeler, R. W. and Gerber, C. (1998) Structural changes of the rotator cuff caused by experimental subacromial impingement in the rat. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 7:4, pp. 375-380.
    • (1998) J Shoulder Elbow Surg , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 375-380
    • Schneeberger, A.G.1    Nyffeler, R.W.2    Gerber, C.3
  • 57
    • 0021434137 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the pathogenesis of equine tendonitis following collagenase injury
    • Williams, I. F., McCullagh, K. G., Goodship, A. E. and Silver, I. A. (1984) Studies on the pathogenesis of equine tendonitis following collagenase injury. Res Vet Sci, 36:3, pp. 326-338.
    • (1984) Res Vet Sci , vol.36 , Issue.3 , pp. 326-338
    • Williams, I.F.1    McCullagh, K.G.2    Goodship, A.E.3    Silver, I.A.4
  • 58
    • 84995171390 scopus 로고
    • Ultrasonographic, gross, and histological evaluation of tendinitis disease model in the horse
    • Spurlock, G. H., Spurlock, S. L. and Parker, G. A. (1989) Ultrasonographic, gross, and histological evaluation of tendinitis disease model in the horse. Veterinary Radiol, 30:3, pp. 184-188.
    • (1989) Veterinary Radiol , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 184-188
    • Spurlock, G.H.1    Spurlock, S.L.2    Parker, G.A.3
  • 59
    • 84983967478 scopus 로고
    • The effect of regional nerve blocks on the lameness caused by collagenase induced tendonitis in the midmetacarpal region of the horse: A study using gait analysis, and ultrasonography to determine tendon healing
    • Keg, P. R., van den Belt, A J, Merkens, H. W., Barneveld, A. and Dik, K. J. (1992) The effect of regional nerve blocks on the lameness caused by collagenase induced tendonitis in the midmetacarpal region of the horse: A study using gait analysis, and ultrasonography to determine tendon healing. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A, 39:5, pp. 349-364.
    • (1992) Zentralbl Veterinarmed A , vol.39 , Issue.5 , pp. 349-364
    • Keg, P.R.1    van den Belt, A.J.2    Merkens, H.W.3    Barneveld, A.4    Dik, K.J.5
  • 60
    • 0027086898 scopus 로고
    • Effect of sodium hyaluronate in collagenase-induced superficial digital flexor tendinitis in horses
    • Foland, J. W., Trotter, G. W., Powers, B. E., Wrigley, R. H. and Smith, K. J. (1992) Effect of sodium hyaluronate in collagenase-induced superficial digital flexor tendinitis in horses. Am J Vet Res, 53:12, pp. 2371-2376.
    • (1992) Am J Vet Res , vol.53 , Issue.12 , pp. 2371-2376
    • Foland, J.W.1    Trotter, G.W.2    Powers, B.E.3    Wrigley, R.H.4    Smith, K.J.5
  • 61
    • 11044239286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal expression of growth factors and matrix molecules in healing tendon lesions
    • Dahlgren, L. A., Mohammed, H. O. and Nixon, A. J. (2005) Temporal expression of growth factors and matrix molecules in healing tendon lesions. J Orthop Res, 23:1, pp. 84-92.
    • (2005) J Orthop Res , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 84-92
    • Dahlgren, L.A.1    Mohammed, H.O.2    Nixon, A.J.3
  • 62
    • 0036374984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin-like growth factor-I improves cellular and molecular aspects of healing in a collagenase-induced model of flexor tendinitis
    • Dahlgren, L. A., van der Meulen, M. C., Bertram, J. E., Starrak, G. S. and Nixon, A. J. (2002) Insulin-like growth factor-I improves cellular and molecular aspects of healing in a collagenase-induced model of flexor tendinitis. J Orthop Res, 20:5, pp. 910-919.
    • (2002) J Orthop Res , vol.20 , Issue.5 , pp. 910-919
    • Dahlgren, L.A.1    van der Meulen, M.C.2    Bertram, J.E.3    Starrak, G.S.4    Nixon, A.J.5
  • 63
    • 0035433448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of quantitative analysis of sonographic brightness for detection of early healing of tendon injury in horses
    • Micklethwaite, L., Wood, A. K., Sehgal, C. M., Polansky, M., Dowling, B. A., Dart, A. J., Rose, R. J. and Hodgson, D. R. (2001) Use of quantitative analysis of sonographic brightness for detection of early healing of tendon injury in horses. Am J Vet Res, 62:8, pp. 1320-1327.
    • (2001) Am J Vet Res , vol.62 , Issue.8 , pp. 1320-1327
    • Micklethwaite, L.1    Wood, A.K.2    Sehgal, C.M.3    Polansky, M.4    Dowling, B.A.5    Dart, A.J.6    Rose, R.J.7    Hodgson, D.R.8
  • 64
    • 33745375308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evaluation of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on collagenase induced superficial digital flexor tendonitis
    • Kersh, K. D., McClure, S. R., Van Sickle, D. and Evans, R. B. (2006) The evaluation of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on collagenase induced superficial digital flexor tendonitis. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 19:2, pp. 99-105.
    • (2006) Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 99-105
    • Kersh, K.D.1    McClure, S.R.2    Van Sickle, D.3    Evans, R.B.4
  • 65
    • 0346400399 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and force plate evaluation of the effect of a high plantar nerve block in lameness caused by induced mid-metatarsal tendinitis
    • Keg, P. R., Barneveld, A., Schamhardt, H. C. and van den Belt, A J (1994) Clinical and force plate evaluation of the effect of a high plantar nerve block in lameness caused by induced mid-metatarsal tendinitis. Vet Q, 16, p. S70.
    • (1994) Vet Q , vol.16
    • Keg, P.R.1    Barneveld, A.2    Schamhardt, H.C.3    van den Belt, A.J.4
  • 66
    • 0009959478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of the high palmar nerve block and the ulnar nerve block on lameness provoked by a collagenase-induced tendonitis of the lateral branch of the suspensory ligament
    • Keg, P. R., Schamhardt, H. C., van Weeren, P. R. and Barneveld, A. (1996) The effect of the high palmar nerve block and the ulnar nerve block on lameness provoked by a collagenase-induced tendonitis of the lateral branch of the suspensory ligament. Vet Q, 18, p. S103.
    • (1996) Vet Q , vol.18
    • Keg, P.R.1    Schamhardt, H.C.2    van Weeren, P.R.3    Barneveld, A.4
  • 67
    • 0021269042 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of types I and III collagen and fibronectin in the healing equine tendon
    • Williams, I. F., McCullagh, K. G. and Silver, I. A. (1984) The distribution of types I and III collagen and fibronectin in the healing equine tendon. Connect Tissue Res, 12:3, pp. 211-227.
    • (1984) Connect Tissue Res , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 211-227
    • Williams, I.F.1    McCullagh, K.G.2    Silver, I.A.3
  • 68
    • 0035216636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophils and macrophages accumulate sequentially following Achilles tendon injury
    • Marsolais, D., Cote, C. H. and Frenette, J. (2001) Neutrophils and macrophages accumulate sequentially following Achilles tendon injury. J Orthop Res, 19:6, pp. 1203-1209.
    • (2001) J Orthop Res , vol.19 , Issue.6 , pp. 1203-1209
    • Marsolais, D.1    Cote, C.H.2    Frenette, J.3
  • 69
    • 2942598185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracorporeal shock waves promote healing of collagenase-induced Achilles tendinitis and increase TGF-beta1 and IGF-I expression
    • Chen, Y. J., Wang, C. J., Yang, K. D., Kuo, Y. R., Huang, H. C., Huang, Y. T., Sun, Y. C. and Wang, F. S. (2004) Extracorporeal shock waves promote healing of collagenase-induced Achilles tendinitis and increase TGF-beta1 and IGF-I expression. J Orthop Res, 22:4, pp. 854-861.
    • (2004) J Orthop Res , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 854-861
    • Chen, Y.J.1    Wang, C.J.2    Yang, K.D.3    Kuo, Y.R.4    Huang, H.C.5    Huang, Y.T.6    Sun, Y.C.7    Wang, F.S.8
  • 71
    • 0345768660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of shock-wave therapy on patellar tendinopathy in a rabbit model
    • Hsu, R. W., Hsu, W. H., Tai, C. L. and Lee, K. F. (2004) Effect of shock-wave therapy on patellar tendinopathy in a rabbit model. J Orthop Res, 22:1, pp. 221-227.
    • (2004) J Orthop Res , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 221-227
    • Hsu, R.W.1    Hsu, W.H.2    Tai, C.L.3    Lee, K.F.4
  • 73
    • 9644276698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on patellar tendinopathy in a rabbit model
    • Hsu, R. W., Hsu, W. H., Tai, C. L. and Lee, K. F. (2004) Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on patellar tendinopathy in a rabbit model. J Trauma, 57:5, pp. 1060-1064.
    • (2004) J Trauma , vol.57 , Issue.5 , pp. 1060-1064
    • Hsu, R.W.1    Hsu, W.H.2    Tai, C.L.3    Lee, K.F.4
  • 74
    • 14844331421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning and expression of type III collagen in normal and injured tendons of horses
    • Dahlgren, L. A., Brower-Toland, B. D. and Nixon, A. J. (2005) Cloning and expression of type III collagen in normal and injured tendons of horses. Am J Vet Res, 66:2, pp. 266-270.
    • (2005) Am J Vet Res , vol.66 , Issue.2 , pp. 266-270
    • Dahlgren, L.A.1    Brower-Toland, B.D.2    Nixon, A.J.3
  • 75
    • 10744220922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug reduces neutrophil and macrophage accumulation but does not improve tendon regeneration
    • Marsolais, D., Cote, C. H. and Frenette, J. (2003) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug reduces neutrophil and macrophage accumulation but does not improve tendon regeneration. Lab Invest, 83:7, pp. 991-999.
    • (2003) Lab Invest , vol.83 , Issue.7 , pp. 991-999
    • Marsolais, D.1    Cote, C.H.2    Frenette, J.3
  • 76
    • 0036485402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of beta-aminopropionitrile and hyaluronic acid on repair of collagenase-induced injury of the rabbit Achilles tendon
    • Yamamoto, E., Hata, D., Kobayashi, A., Ueda, H., Tangkawattana, P., Oikawa, M. and Takehana, K. (2002) Effect of beta-aminopropionitrile and hyaluronic acid on repair of collagenase-induced injury of the rabbit Achilles tendon. J Comp Pathol, 126:2, pp. 161-170.
    • (2002) J Comp Pathol , vol.126 , Issue.2 , pp. 161-170
    • Yamamoto, E.1    Hata, D.2    Kobayashi, A.3    Ueda, H.4    Tangkawattana, P.5    Oikawa, M.6    Takehana, K.7
  • 77
    • 0036040040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative characterization of rat tendinitis to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic interventions
    • Wetzel, B. J., Nindl, G., Swez, J. A. and Johnson, M. T. (2002) Quantitative characterization of rat tendinitis to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Biomed Sci Instrum, 38, pp. 157-162.
    • (2002) Biomed Sci Instrum , vol.38 , pp. 157-162
    • Wetzel, B.J.1    Nindl, G.2    Swez, J.A.3    Johnson, M.T.4
  • 78
    • 33846122302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pifithrin-alpha, an inhibitor of p53 transactivation, alters the inflammatory process and delays tendon healing following acute injury
    • Marsolais, D., Cote, C. H. and Frenette, J. (2007) Pifithrin-alpha, an inhibitor of p53 transactivation, alters the inflammatory process and delays tendon healing following acute injury. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 292:1, p. R321.
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol , vol.292 , Issue.1
    • Marsolais, D.1    Cote, C.H.2    Frenette, J.3
  • 79
    • 33845430415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early voluntary exercise does not promote healing in a rat model of Achilles tendon injury
    • Godbout, C., Ang, O. and Frenette, J. (2006) Early voluntary exercise does not promote healing in a rat model of Achilles tendon injury. J Appl Physiol, 101:6, pp. 1720-1726.
    • (2006) J Appl Physiol , vol.101 , Issue.6 , pp. 1720-1726
    • Godbout, C.1    Ang, O.2    Frenette, J.3
  • 80
    • 33645056732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in healing tendon lesions
    • Dahlgren, L. A., Mohammed, H. O. and Nixon, A. J. (2006) Expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in healing tendon lesions. J Orthop Res, 24:2, pp. 183-192.
    • (2006) J Orthop Res , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 183-192
    • Dahlgren, L.A.1    Mohammed, H.O.2    Nixon, A.J.3
  • 81
    • 33747603714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide structure of equine platelet-derived growth factor-A and -B and expression in horses with induced acute tendinitis
    • Donnelly, B. P., Nixon, A. J., Haupt, J. L. and Dahlgren, L. A. (2006) Nucleotide structure of equine platelet-derived growth factor-A and -B and expression in horses with induced acute tendinitis. Am J Vet Res, 67:7, pp. 1218-1225.
    • (2006) Am J Vet Res , vol.67 , Issue.7 , pp. 1218-1225
    • Donnelly, B.P.1    Nixon, A.J.2    Haupt, J.L.3    Dahlgren, L.A.4
  • 82
    • 0034132366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Net joint moments and joint powers in horses with superficial digital flexor tendinitis
    • Clayton, H. M., Schamhardt, H. C., Willemen, M. A., Lanovaz, J. L. and Colborne, G. R. (2000) Net joint moments and joint powers in horses with superficial digital flexor tendinitis. Am J Vet Res, 61:2, pp. 197-201.
    • (2000) Am J Vet Res , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 197-201
    • Clayton, H.M.1    Schamhardt, H.C.2    Willemen, M.A.3    Lanovaz, J.L.4    Colborne, G.R.5
  • 83
    • 0034132194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinematics and ground reaction forces in horses with superficial digital flexor tendinitis
    • Clayton, H. M., Schamhardt, H. C., Willemen, M. A., Lanovaz, J. L. and Colborne, G. R. (2000) Kinematics and ground reaction forces in horses with superficial digital flexor tendinitis. Am J Vet Res, 61:2, pp. 191-196.
    • (2000) Am J Vet Res , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 191-196
    • Clayton, H.M.1    Schamhardt, H.C.2    Willemen, M.A.3    Lanovaz, J.L.4    Colborne, G.R.5
  • 84
    • 0036521393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculated forelimb flexor tendon forces in horses with experimentally induced superficial digital flexor tendinitis and the effects of application of heel wedges
    • Meershoek, L. S., Lanovaz, J. L., Schamhardt, H. C. and Clayton, H. M. (2002) Calculated forelimb flexor tendon forces in horses with experimentally induced superficial digital flexor tendinitis and the effects of application of heel wedges. Am J Vet Res, 63:3, pp. 432-437.
    • (2002) Am J Vet Res , vol.63 , Issue.3 , pp. 432-437
    • Meershoek, L.S.1    Lanovaz, J.L.2    Schamhardt, H.C.3    Clayton, H.M.4
  • 85
    • 0036651387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of recombinant equine growth hormone on the biomechanical properties of healing superficial digital flexor tendons in horses
    • Dowling, B. A., Dart, A. J., Hodgson, D. R., Rose, R. J. and Walsh, W. R. (2002) The effect of recombinant equine growth hormone on the biomechanical properties of healing superficial digital flexor tendons in horses. Vet Surg, 31:4, pp. 320-324.
    • (2002) Vet Surg , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 320-324
    • Dowling, B.A.1    Dart, A.J.2    Hodgson, D.R.3    Rose, R.J.4    Walsh, W.R.5
  • 86
    • 0036651444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant equine growth hormone does not affect the in vitro biomechanical properties of equine superficial digital flexor tendon
    • Dowling, B. A., Dart, A. J., Hodgson, D. R., Rose, R. J. and Walsh, W. R. (2002) Recombinant equine growth hormone does not affect the in vitro biomechanical properties of equine superficial digital flexor tendon. Vet Surg, 31:4, pp. 325-330.
    • (2002) Vet Surg , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 325-330
    • Dowling, B.A.1    Dart, A.J.2    Hodgson, D.R.3    Rose, R.J.4    Walsh, W.R.5
  • 87
    • 33846152960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory cells do not decrease the ultimate tensile strength of intact tendons in vivo and in vitro: Protective role of mechanical loading
    • Marsolais, D., Duchesne, E., Cote, C. H. and Frenette, J. (2007) Inflammatory cells do not decrease the ultimate tensile strength of intact tendons in vivo and in vitro: Protective role of mechanical loading. J Appl Physiol, 102:1, pp. 11-17.
    • (2007) J Appl Physiol , vol.102 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-17
    • Marsolais, D.1    Duchesne, E.2    Cote, C.H.3    Frenette, J.4
  • 88
    • 0034949486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deleterious effects of local corticosteroid injections on the Achilles tendon of rats
    • Tatari, H., Kosay, C., Baran, O., Ozcan, O. and Ozer, E. (2001) Deleterious effects of local corticosteroid injections on the Achilles tendon of rats. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 121:6, pp. 333-337.
    • (2001) Arch Orthop Trauma Surg , vol.121 , Issue.6 , pp. 333-337
    • Tatari, H.1    Kosay, C.2    Baran, O.3    Ozcan, O.4    Ozer, E.5
  • 89
    • 4544343071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hylan G-F 20 in Achilles' tendonitis: An experimental study in rats
    • Tatari, H., Skiak, E., Destan, H., Ulukus, C., Ozer, E. and Satoglu, S. (2004) Effect of hylan G-F 20 in Achilles' tendonitis: An experimental study in rats. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 85:9, pp. 1470-1474.
    • (2004) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.85 , Issue.9 , pp. 1470-1474
    • Tatari, H.1    Skiak, E.2    Destan, H.3    Ulukus, C.4    Ozer, E.5    Satoglu, S.6
  • 90
    • 1242293736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory response of human tendon fibroblasts to cyclic mechanical stretching
    • Li, Z., Yang, G., Khan, M., Stone, D., Woo, S. L. and Wang, J. H. (2004) Inflammatory response of human tendon fibroblasts to cyclic mechanical stretching. Am J Sports Med, 32:2, pp. 435-440.
    • (2004) Am J Sports Med , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 435-440
    • Li, Z.1    Yang, G.2    Khan, M.3    Stone, D.4    Woo, S.L.5    Wang, J.H.6
  • 91
    • 0033559378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism and inflammatory mediators in the peritendinous space measured by microdialysis during intermittent isometric exercise in humans
    • Langberg, H., Skovgaard, D., Karamouzis, M., Bulow, J. and Kjaer, M. (1999) Metabolism and inflammatory mediators in the peritendinous space measured by microdialysis during intermittent isometric exercise in humans. J Physiol, 515, pp. 919-927.
    • (1999) J Physiol , vol.515 , pp. 919-927
    • Langberg, H.1    Skovgaard, D.2    Karamouzis, M.3    Bulow, J.4    Kjaer, M.5
  • 92
    • 0142186156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic mechanical stretching of human tendon fibroblasts increases the production of prostaglandin E2 and levels of cyclooxygenase expression: A novel in vitro model study
    • Wang, J. H., Jia, F., Yang, G., Yang, S., Campbell, B. H., Stone, D. and Woo, S. L. (2003) Cyclic mechanical stretching of human tendon fibroblasts increases the production of prostaglandin E2 and levels of cyclooxygenase expression: A novel in vitro model study. Connect Tissue Res, 44:3, pp. 128-133.
    • (2003) Connect Tissue Res , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. 128-133
    • Wang, J.H.1    Jia, F.2    Yang, G.3    Yang, S.4    Campbell, B.H.5    Stone, D.6    Woo, S.L.7
  • 93
    • 0034866566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of prolonged peritendinous administration of PGE1 to the rat Achilles tendon: A possible animal model of chronic Achilles tendinopathy
    • Sullo, A., Maffulli, N., Capasso, G. and Testa, V. (2001) The effects of prolonged peritendinous administration of PGE1 to the rat Achilles tendon: A possible animal model of chronic Achilles tendinopathy. J Orthop Sci, 6:4, pp. 349-357.
    • (2001) J Orthop Sci , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 349-357
    • Sullo, A.1    Maffulli, N.2    Capasso, G.3    Testa, V.4
  • 94
    • 14144250727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated exposure of tendon to prostaglandin-E2 leads to localized tendon degeneration
    • Khan, M. H., Li, Z. and Wang, J. H. (2005) Repeated exposure of tendon to prostaglandin-E2 leads to localized tendon degeneration. Clin J Sport Med, 15:1, pp. 27-33.
    • (2005) Clin J Sport Med , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-33
    • Khan, M.H.1    Li, Z.2    Wang, J.H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.