메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 38, Issue 11, 2008, Pages 2771-2783

Intense forest wildfire sharply reduces mineral soil C and N: The first direct evidence

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EROSION; FIRES; FORESTRY; GLOBAL WARMING; GREENHOUSE GASES; LEAKAGE (FLUID); MAGNESIUM PRINTING PLATES; MINERALOGY; MINERALS; MINING; SILICA; SILICATE MINERALS; SOIL MECHANICS; WOOD FUELS;

EID: 55549128251     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/X08-136     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (112)

References (49)
  • 1
    • 0026314155 scopus 로고
    • Fire history along an elevational gradient in the Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon
    • Agee, J.K. 1991. Fire history along an elevational gradient in the Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon. Northwest Sci. 65: 188-199.
    • (1991) Northwest Sci , vol.65 , pp. 188-199
    • Agee, J.K.1
  • 3
    • 0032810505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wildfire effects on carbon and nitrogen in inland coniferous forests
    • doi:10.1023/A:1004602408717
    • Baird, M., Zabowski, D., and Everett, R.L. 1999. Wildfire effects on carbon and nitrogen in inland coniferous forests. Plant Soil, 209: 233-243. doi:10.1023/A:1004602408717.
    • (1999) Plant Soil , vol.209 , pp. 233-243
    • Baird, M.1    Zabowski, D.2    Everett, R.L.3
  • 4
    • 0027009952 scopus 로고
    • Smoke-column observations from two forest fires using Doppler Lidar and Doppler radar
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031〈1328:SCOFTF〉2.0.CO;2
    • Banta, R.M., Olivier, L.D., Holloway, E.T., Kropfli, R.A., Bartram, B.W., Cupp, R.E., and Post, M.J. 1992. Smoke-column observations from two forest fires using Doppler Lidar and Doppler radar. J. Appl. Meteorol. 31: 1328-1349. doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031〈1328:SCOFTF〉2.0.CO;2.
    • (1992) J. Appl. Meteorol , vol.31 , pp. 1328-1349
    • Banta, R.M.1    Olivier, L.D.2    Holloway, E.T.3    Kropfli, R.A.4    Bartram, B.W.5    Cupp, R.E.6    Post, M.J.7
  • 5
    • 0003231213 scopus 로고
    • Fire as an agent in rock weathering
    • Blackwelder, E. 1927. Fire as an agent in rock weathering. J. Geol. 35: 134-140.
    • (1927) J. Geol , vol.35 , pp. 134-140
    • Blackwelder, E.1
  • 6
    • 0024645270 scopus 로고
    • Chemistry of rainwater and cloud water at remote sites in Alaska and Oregon
    • Bormann, B.T., Tarrant, R.F., McClellan, M.H., and Savage, T. 1989. Chemistry of rainwater and cloud water at remote sites in Alaska and Oregon. J. Environ. Qual. 18: 149-152.
    • (1989) J. Environ. Qual , vol.18 , pp. 149-152
    • Bormann, B.T.1    Tarrant, R.F.2    McClellan, M.H.3    Savage, T.4
  • 7
    • 55549138958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bormann, B.T., Homann, P.S., Bednar, L., Cairns, M.A., and Barker, J. 1994. Field studies to evaluate stand-scale effects of forest management on ecosystem carbon storage. US Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Ore. EPA/600/R-94.
    • Bormann, B.T., Homann, P.S., Bednar, L., Cairns, M.A., and Barker, J. 1994. Field studies to evaluate stand-scale effects of forest management on ecosystem carbon storage. US Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Ore. EPA/600/R-94.
  • 9
    • 55549141396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bormann, B.T., Lee, D.C., Kiester, A.R., Spies, T.A., Haynes, R.W., Reeves, G.H., and Raphael, M.G. 2006. Chapter 3: Synthesis: interpreting the Northwest Forest Plan as more than the sum of its parts. Northwest Forest Plan - the first ten years (1994-2003): synthesis of monitoring and research results. Edited by R.W. Haynes, B.T. Bormann, and J.R. Martin. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-651. pp. 23-48.
    • Bormann, B.T., Lee, D.C., Kiester, A.R., Spies, T.A., Haynes, R.W., Reeves, G.H., and Raphael, M.G. 2006. Chapter 3: Synthesis: interpreting the Northwest Forest Plan as more than the sum of its parts. Northwest Forest Plan - the first ten years (1994-2003): synthesis of monitoring and research results. Edited by R.W. Haynes, B.T. Bormann, and J.R. Martin. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-651. pp. 23-48.
  • 10
    • 55549117682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bremner, J.M., and Mulvaney, C.S. 1982. Total nitrogen. Methods of soil analysis. Edited by A.L. Page, R.H. Miller, and D.R. Keeney. Monogr 9. 2. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisc. pp. 595-624.
    • Bremner, J.M., and Mulvaney, C.S. 1982. Total nitrogen. Methods of soil analysis. Edited by A.L. Page, R.H. Miller, and D.R. Keeney. Monogr 9. Vol. 2. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisc. pp. 595-624.
  • 11
    • 0006223895 scopus 로고
    • Handbook for inventorying surface fuels and biomass in the Interior West. USDA For. Serv. Gen
    • Tech. Rep. INT-129
    • Brown, J.K., Oberheu, R.D., and Johnson, C.M. 1982. Handbook for inventorying surface fuels and biomass in the Interior West. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-129.
    • (1982)
    • Brown, J.K.1    Oberheu, R.D.2    Johnson, C.M.3
  • 12
    • 39849089621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyrogenic carbon emission from a large wildfire in Oregon, United States
    • doi:10.1029/2007JG000451
    • Campbell, J., Donato, D., Azuma, D., and Law, B. 2007. Pyrogenic carbon emission from a large wildfire in Oregon, United States. J. Geophys. Res. 112: G04014. doi:10.1029/2007JG000451.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res , vol.112
    • Campbell, J.1    Donato, D.2    Azuma, D.3    Law, B.4
  • 13
    • 34447294248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial analysis of a high-magnitude erosion event following a Sierran wildfire
    • PMID:17526890, doi:10.2134/jeq2006. 0466
    • Carroll, E.F., Miller, W.W., Johnson, D.W., Saito, L., Qualls, R.G., and Walker, R.F. 2007. Spatial analysis of a high-magnitude erosion event following a Sierran wildfire. J. Environ. Qual. 36: 1105-1111. doi:10.2134/jeq2006. 0466. PMID:17526890.
    • (2007) J. Environ. Qual , vol.36 , pp. 1105-1111
    • Carroll, E.F.1    Miller, W.W.2    Johnson, D.W.3    Saito, L.4    Qualls, R.G.5    Walker, R.F.6
  • 14
    • 15244360827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of fire on properties of forest soils: A review
    • doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8
    • Certini, G. 2005. Effects of fire on properties of forest soils: a review. Oecologia (Berlin), 143: 1-10. doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8.
    • (2005) Oecologia (Berlin) , vol.143 , pp. 1-10
    • Certini, G.1
  • 15
    • 0025626194 scopus 로고
    • Biomass burning in the tropics: Impact on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles
    • PMID:17734705, doi:10. 1126/science.250.4988.1669
    • Crutzen, P.J., and Andreae, M.O. 1990. Biomass burning in the tropics: impact on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles. Science (Washington, D.C.), 250: 1669-1678. doi:10. 1126/science.250.4988.1669. PMID:17734705.
    • (1990) Science (Washington, D.C.) , vol.250 , pp. 1669-1678
    • Crutzen, P.J.1    Andreae, M.O.2
  • 17
    • 13444305164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A national fire plan for future land health
    • Dombeck, M. 2001. A national fire plan for future land health. Fire Manage. Today, 61: 4-8.
    • (2001) Fire Manage. Today , vol.61 , pp. 4-8
    • Dombeck, M.1
  • 19
    • 0024920919 scopus 로고
    • The effect of wildfire on soil chemistry in four forest types in interior Alaska
    • doi:10.1139/x89-213
    • Dyrness, C.T., Van Cleve, K., and Levison, J.D. 1989. The effect of wildfire on soil chemistry in four forest types in interior Alaska. Can. J. For. Res. 19: 1389-1396. doi:10.1139/x89-213.
    • (1989) Can. J. For. Res , vol.19 , pp. 1389-1396
    • Dyrness, C.T.1    Van Cleve, K.2    Levison, J.D.3
  • 20
    • 0023525626 scopus 로고
    • Forest floor and soil influence on response of Douglas-fir to urea
    • Edmonds, R.L., and Hsiang, T. 1987. Forest floor and soil influence on response of Douglas-fir to urea. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 51: 1332-1337.
    • (1987) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J , vol.51 , pp. 1332-1337
    • Edmonds, R.L.1    Hsiang, T.2
  • 21
    • 0242689374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of a method to measure temporal change in soil carbon storage
    • Ellert, B.H., Janzen, H.H., and Entz, T. 2002. Assessment of a method to measure temporal change in soil carbon storage. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 66: 1687-1695.
    • (2002) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J , vol.66 , pp. 1687-1695
    • Ellert, B.H.1    Janzen, H.H.2    Entz, T.3
  • 23
    • 0343307084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic matter changes immediately after a wildfire in an Atlantic forest soil and comparison with laboratory soil heating
    • doi:10.1016/S0038-0717(96)00289-1
    • Fernandez, I., Cabaneiro, A., and Carballas, T. 1997. Organic matter changes immediately after a wildfire in an Atlantic forest soil and comparison with laboratory soil heating. Soil Biol. Biochem. 29: 1-11. doi:10.1016/S0038-0717(96)00289-1.
    • (1997) Soil Biol. Biochem , vol.29 , pp. 1-11
    • Fernandez, I.1    Cabaneiro, A.2    Carballas, T.3
  • 24
    • 13944255534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric, climatic, and ecological controls on extreme wildfire years in the Northwestern United States
    • doi:10.1890/03-5116
    • Gedalof, Z., Peterson, D.L., and Mantua, N.J. 2005. Atmospheric, climatic, and ecological controls on extreme wildfire years in the Northwestern United States. Ecol. Appl. 15: 154-174. doi:10.1890/03-5116.
    • (2005) Ecol. Appl , vol.15 , pp. 154-174
    • Gedalof, Z.1    Peterson, D.L.2    Mantua, N.J.3
  • 25
    • 55549095530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Government Accounting Office. 2004. Analysis of fire response, resource availability, and personnel certification standards. GAO Rep. 04-426. Government Accounting Office, Washington, D.C.
    • Government Accounting Office. 2004. Analysis of fire response, resource availability, and personnel certification standards. GAO Rep. 04-426. Government Accounting Office, Washington, D.C.
  • 26
    • 0000852261 scopus 로고
    • Wildfire effects on nutrient distribution and leaching in a coniferous ecosystem
    • doi:10.1139/x75-087
    • Grier, C.C. 1975. Wildfire effects on nutrient distribution and leaching in a coniferous ecosystem. Can. J. For. Res. 5: 599-607. doi:10.1139/x75-087.
    • (1975) Can. J. For. Res , vol.5 , pp. 599-607
    • Grier, C.C.1
  • 27
    • 0031725554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of forests at spotted owl nest sites in the Pacific Northwest
    • doi:10.2307/3802006
    • Hershey, K.T., Meslow, E.C., and Ramsey, F.L. 1998. Characteristics of forests at spotted owl nest sites in the Pacific Northwest. J. Wildl. Manage. 62: 1398-1410. doi:10.2307/3802006.
    • (1998) J. Wildl. Manage , vol.62 , pp. 1398-1410
    • Hershey, K.T.1    Meslow, E.C.2    Ramsey, F.L.3
  • 28
    • 0035042316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting treatment differences in soil carbon and nitrogen resulting from forest manipulations
    • Homann, P.S., Bormann, B.T., and Boyle, J.R. 2001. Detecting treatment differences in soil carbon and nitrogen resulting from forest manipulations. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 65: 463-469.
    • (2001) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J , vol.65 , pp. 463-469
    • Homann, P.S.1    Bormann, B.T.2    Boyle, J.R.3
  • 29
    • 8644262451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon storage in coarse and fine fractions of Pacific Northwest old-growth forests
    • Homann, P.S., Remillard, S.M., Harmon, M.E., and Bormann, B.T. 2004. Carbon storage in coarse and fine fractions of Pacific Northwest old-growth forests. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 68: 2023-2030.
    • (2004) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J , vol.68 , pp. 2023-2030
    • Homann, P.S.1    Remillard, S.M.2    Harmon, M.E.3    Bormann, B.T.4
  • 30
    • 39749091155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil C and N minimum detectable changes and treatment differences in a multi-treatment forest experiment
    • Homann, P.S., Bormann, B.T., Boyle, J.R., Darbyshire, R.L., and Bigley, R. 2008. Soil C and N minimum detectable changes and treatment differences in a multi-treatment forest experiment. For. Ecol. Manage. 255: 1724-1734.
    • (2008) For. Ecol. Manage , vol.255 , pp. 1724-1734
    • Homann, P.S.1    Bormann, B.T.2    Boyle, J.R.3    Darbyshire, R.L.4    Bigley, R.5
  • 31
    • 0001665011 scopus 로고
    • The turnover of soil organic matter in some of the Rothamsted classical experiments
    • doi:10.1097/00010694-197705000-00005
    • Jenkinson, D.S., and Rayner, J.H. 1977. The turnover of soil organic matter in some of the Rothamsted classical experiments. Soil Sci. 123: 298-305. doi:10.1097/00010694-197705000-00005.
    • (1977) Soil Sci , vol.123 , pp. 298-305
    • Jenkinson, D.S.1    Rayner, J.H.2
  • 33
    • 34447328665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wildfire effects on forest carbon and nutrient budgets
    • doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2007.03.003
    • Johnson, D.W., Murphy, J.D., Walker, R.F., Glass, D., and Miller, W.W. 2007. Wildfire effects on forest carbon and nutrient budgets. Ecol. Engineer. 31: 183-192. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2007.03.003.
    • (2007) Ecol. Engineer , vol.31 , pp. 183-192
    • Johnson, D.W.1    Murphy, J.D.2    Walker, R.F.3    Glass, D.4    Miller, W.W.5
  • 34
    • 0028975882 scopus 로고
    • Radial growth patterns and the effects of climate on second-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in the Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon
    • doi:10.1139/x95-080
    • Little, R.L., Peterson, D.L., Silsbee, D.G., Shainsky, L.J., and Bednar, L.F. 1995. Radial growth patterns and the effects of climate on second-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in the Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon. Can J. For. Res. 35: 724-735. doi:10.1139/x95-080.
    • (1995) Can J. For. Res , vol.35 , pp. 724-735
    • Little, R.L.1    Peterson, D.L.2    Silsbee, D.G.3    Shainsky, L.J.4    Bednar, L.F.5
  • 35
    • 4043136635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic change, wildfire, and conservation
    • doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00492.x
    • McKenzie, D., Gedenof, Z., Peterson, D.L., and Mote, P. 2004. Climatic change, wildfire, and conservation. Conserv. Biol. 18: 890-902. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00492.x.
    • (2004) Conserv. Biol , vol.18 , pp. 890-902
    • McKenzie, D.1    Gedenof, Z.2    Peterson, D.L.3    Mote, P.4
  • 36
    • 33644929511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wildfire effects on soil nutrients and leaching in a Tahoe Basin watershed
    • PMID:16455848, doi:10.2134/jeq2005. 0144
    • Murphy, J.D., Johnson, D.W., Miller, W.W., Walker, R.F., Carroll, E.F., and Blank, R.R. 2006. Wildfire effects on soil nutrients and leaching in a Tahoe Basin watershed. J. Environ. Qual. 35: 479-489. doi:10.2134/jeq2005. 0144. PMID:16455848.
    • (2006) J. Environ. Qual , vol.35 , pp. 479-489
    • Murphy, J.D.1    Johnson, D.W.2    Miller, W.W.3    Walker, R.F.4    Carroll, E.F.5    Blank, R.R.6
  • 37
    • 0033552059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire effects on belowground sustainability: A review and synthesis
    • doi:10.1016/S0378-1127(99)00032-8
    • Neary, D.G., Klopatek, C.C., DeBano, L.F., and Ffolliot, P.F. 1999. Fire effects on belowground sustainability: a review and synthesis. For. Ecol. Manage. 122: 51-71. doi:10.1016/S0378-1127(99)00032-8.
    • (1999) For. Ecol. Manage , vol.122 , pp. 51-71
    • Neary, D.G.1    Klopatek, C.C.2    DeBano, L.F.3    Ffolliot, P.F.4
  • 38
    • 0033757262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuenschwander, L.F., Menakis, J.P., Miller, M., Sampson, R.N., Hardy, C., Averill, R., and Mask, R. 2000. Indexing Colorado watersheds to risk of wildfire. Mapping wildfire hazards and risks. Edited by R.N. Sampson, R.D. Atkinson, and J.W. Lewis. The Haworth Press, Inc., New York. pp. 35-56.
    • Neuenschwander, L.F., Menakis, J.P., Miller, M., Sampson, R.N., Hardy, C., Averill, R., and Mask, R. 2000. Indexing Colorado watersheds to risk of wildfire. Mapping wildfire hazards and risks. Edited by R.N. Sampson, R.D. Atkinson, and J.W. Lewis. The Haworth Press, Inc., New York. pp. 35-56.
  • 39
    • 33747119961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newton, M., Fitzgerald, S., Rose, R.R., Adams, P.W., Tesch, S.D., Sessions, J., Atzet, T., Powers, R.F., and Skinner, C. 2006. Comment on Post-wildfire logging hinders regeneration and increases fire risk. Science (washington, D.C.), 313: 615a. doi:10.1126/science.1126478.
    • Newton, M., Fitzgerald, S., Rose, R.R., Adams, P.W., Tesch, S.D., Sessions, J., Atzet, T., Powers, R.F., and Skinner, C. 2006. Comment on "Post-wildfire logging hinders regeneration and increases fire risk". Science (washington, D.C.), 313: 615a. doi:10.1126/science.1126478.
  • 40
    • 0019727430 scopus 로고
    • Large fire winds, gasses and smoke
    • doi:10.1016/0004-6981(81)90241-9
    • Palmer, T.Y. 1981. Large fire winds, gasses and smoke. Atmos. Environ. 15: 2079-2090. doi:10.1016/0004-6981(81)90241-9.
    • (1981) Atmos. Environ , vol.15 , pp. 2079-2090
    • Palmer, T.Y.1
  • 41
    • 0027332877 scopus 로고
    • Short-term effects of a wildfire on the nitrogen status and its mineralization kinetics in an Atlantic forest soil
    • doi:10.1016/0038-0717(93)90167-A
    • Prieto-Fernandez, A., Villar, M.C., Carballas, M., and Carrallas, T. 1993. Short-term effects of a wildfire on the nitrogen status and its mineralization kinetics in an Atlantic forest soil. Soil Biol. Biochem. 25: 1657-1664. doi:10.1016/0038-0717(93)90167-A.
    • (1993) Soil Biol. Biochem , vol.25 , pp. 1657-1664
    • Prieto-Fernandez, A.1    Villar, M.C.2    Carballas, M.3    Carrallas, T.4
  • 42
    • 33645752192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel treatments alter the effects of wildfire in a mixed-evergreen forest, Oregon, USA
    • doi:10.1139/x05-206
    • Raymond, C.L., and Peterson, D.L. 2005. Fuel treatments alter the effects of wildfire in a mixed-evergreen forest, Oregon, USA. Can. J. For. Res. 35: 2981-2995. doi:10.1139/x05-206.
    • (2005) Can. J. For. Res , vol.35 , pp. 2981-2995
    • Raymond, C.L.1    Peterson, D.L.2
  • 44
    • 34249893095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conifer regeneration after forest fire in the Klamath-Siskiyous: How much, how soon?
    • Shatford, J.P.A., Hibbs, D.E., and Puettmann, K.J. 2007. Conifer regeneration after forest fire in the Klamath-Siskiyous: how much, how soon? J. For. 105: 139-146.
    • (2007) J. For , vol.105 , pp. 139-146
    • Shatford, J.P.A.1    Hibbs, D.E.2    Puettmann, K.J.3
  • 45
    • 0025227252 scopus 로고
    • Growth response of unthinned and thinned Douglas-fir stands to single and multiple applications of nitrogen
    • doi:10. 1139/x90-050
    • Stegemoeller, K.A., and Chappell, H.N. 1990. Growth response of unthinned and thinned Douglas-fir stands to single and multiple applications of nitrogen. Can. J. For. Res. 20: 343-349. doi:10. 1139/x90-050.
    • (1990) Can. J. For. Res , vol.20 , pp. 343-349
    • Stegemoeller, K.A.1    Chappell, H.N.2
  • 46
    • 34547549523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-burn severity in managed and unmanaged vegetation in a large wildfire
    • PMID:17563370, doi:10.1073/ pnas.0700229104
    • Thompson, J.R., Spies, T.A., and Ganio, L.M. 2007. Re-burn severity in managed and unmanaged vegetation in a large wildfire. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104: 10743-10748. doi:10.1073/ pnas.0700229104. PMID:17563370.
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.104 , pp. 10743-10748
    • Thompson, J.R.1    Spies, T.A.2    Ganio, L.M.3
  • 47
    • 33751191194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of biomass smoke injection into the lower stratosphere by a large forest fire (Part I): Reference simulation.
    • Trentmann, J., Luderer, G., Winterrath, T., Fromm, M., Servranckx, R., Textor, C., Herzog, M., and Andreae, M.O. 2006. Modeling of biomass smoke injection into the lower stratosphere by a large forest fire (Part I): reference simulation. . Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6: 5247-5260.
    • (2006) Atmos. Chem. Phys , vol.6 , pp. 5247-5260
    • Trentmann, J.1    Luderer, G.2    Winterrath, T.3    Fromm, M.4    Servranckx, R.5    Textor, C.6    Herzog, M.7    Andreae, M.O.8
  • 48
    • 33747586378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warming and earlier spring increase western U.S. forest wildfire activity
    • PMID:16825536, doi:10.1126/science.1128834
    • Westerling, A.L., Hidalgo, H.G., Cayan, D.R., and Swetnam, T.W. 2006. Warming and earlier spring increase western U.S. forest wildfire activity. Science (Washington, D.C.), 313: 940-943. doi:10.1126/science.1128834. PMID:16825536.
    • (2006) Science (Washington, D.C.) , vol.313 , pp. 940-943
    • Westerling, A.L.1    Hidalgo, H.G.2    Cayan, D.R.3    Swetnam, T.W.4
  • 49
    • 0037767425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yanai, R.D., Currie, W.S., and Goodale, C.L. 2003. Soil carbon dynamics following forest harvest: an ecosystem paradigm reviewed. Ecosystems (N. Y., Print), 6: 197-212. doi:10.1007/s10021-002-0206-5.
    • Yanai, R.D., Currie, W.S., and Goodale, C.L. 2003. Soil carbon dynamics following forest harvest: an ecosystem paradigm reviewed. Ecosystems (N. Y., Print), 6: 197-212. doi:10.1007/s10021-002-0206-5.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.