Ruminal micro-organisms do not adapt to increase utilization of poly-phenol oxidase protected red clover protein and glycerol-based lipid

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture

Volumn 88, Issue 14, 2008, Pages 2479-2485

  Lee, Michael R F ^a   Tweed, John K S ^a   Scollan, Nigel D ^a   Sullivan, Michael L ^b  

^a ABERYSTWYTH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b U S DAIRY FORAGE RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Grass silage; Lipolysis; Polyphenol oxidase; Proteolysis; Red clover silage

Indexed keywords

BOS; BOVIDAE; TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE;

EID: 55549090361     PISSN: 00225142     EISSN: 10970010     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.3366     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Macheix JJ, Sapis JC and Fleurit A, Phenolic compounds and polyphenol oxidase in relation to browning grapes and wines. CRC Rev Food Sci 30:441-486 (1991).
2. Brown CR, Banana polyphenol oxidase. Sch Sci Rev 64:690-695 (1983).
3. Kroll J and Rawel HM, Reactions of plant phenols with myoglobin: influence of chemical structure of the phenolic compounds. J Food Sci 66:48-58 (2001).
4. Merry RJ, Lee MRF, Davies DR, Dewhurst RJ, Moorby JM, Scollan ND, et al, Effects of high-sugar ryegrass silage and mixtures with red clover silage on ruminant digestion. 1. In vitro and in vivo studies of nitrogen utilization. J Anim Sci 84:3049-3060 (2006).
5. Lee MRF, Winters AL, Scollan ND, Dewhurst RJ, Theodorou MK and Minchin FR, Plant-mediated lipolysis and proteolysis in red clover with different polyphenol oxidase activities. J Sci Food Agric 84:1639-1645 (2004).
6. Scollan ND, Choi NJ, Kurt E, Fisher AV, Enser M and Wood JD, Manipulating the fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissue in beef cattle. Br J Nutr 85:115-124 (2001).
7. Lee MRF, Harris LJ, Dewhurst RJ, Merry RJ and Scollan ND, The effect of clover silages on long chain fatty acid rumen transformations and digestion in beef steers. Anim Sci 76:491-501 (2003).
8. Lee MRF, Connelly PL, Tweed JKS, Dewhurst RJ, Merry RJ and Scollan ND, Effects of high-sugar ryegrass silage and mixtures with red clover silage on ruminant digestion. 2. Lipids. J Anim Sci. 84:3061-3070 (2006).
9. Dewhurst RJ, Scollan ND, Lee MRF, Ougham HJ and Humphreys MO, Forage breeding and management to increase the beneficial fatty acid content of ruminant products. Proc Nutr Soc 62:329-336 (2003).
10. Huws SA, Lee MRF, Muetzel S, Wallace JD and Scollan ND, Effect of forage type and level of fish oil inclusion on bacterial diversity in the rumen. Rep Nutr Dev 46:99 (2006).
11. Sullivan ML and Hatfield RD, Polyphenol oxidase and o-diphenols inhibit postharvest proteolysis in red clover and alfalfa. Crop Sci 46:662-670 (2006).
12. Sullivan ML, Hatfield RD, Thoma SL and Samac DA, Cloning and characterisation of red clover polyphenol oxidase cDNAs and expression of active protein in Escherichia coli and alfalfa. Plant Physiol 136:3234-3244 (2004).
13. Goering HK and Van Soest PJ, Forage fiber analysis, in Agricultural Handbook, no. 379. Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC (1970).
14. Nichols BW, Separation of the lipids of photosynthetic tissues: improvement in analysis by thin-layer chromatography. Biochim Biophys Acta 70:417-422 (1963).
15. Kramer JKG and Zhou J, Conjugated linoleic acid and octadecenoic acids: extraction and isolation of lipids. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 103:594-632 (2001).
16. Bertholet MP, Violet d'aniline. Rep Chem Appl 1:284-288 (1859).
17. Winters AL, Lloyd JD, Jones R and Merry RJ, Evaluation of a rapid method for estimating free amino acids in silages. Anim Feed Sci Technol 99:177-187 (2002).
18. Thomas TA, An automated procedure for the determination of soluble carbohydrates in herbage. J Sci Food Agric 28:639-642 (1977).
19. Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB and Lewis BA, Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci 74:3583-3597 (1991).
20. Van Soest PJ and Wine RH, Use of detergents in the analysis of fibrous feeds. IV. Determination of plant and cell wall constituents. JAOAC 50:50-55 (1967).
21. Winters AL and Minchin FR, Red clover and the future for pasture legumes as an alternative protein source for ruminants. IGER Innov 5:30-33 (2001).
22. Robert CM, Cadet FR, Rouch CC, Pabion M and Richard-Forget F, Kinetic study of the irreversible thermal deactivation of palmito (Acanthophoenix rubra) polyphenol oxidase and effect of pH. J Agric Food Chem 43:2375-2380 (1995).
23. Alder E and Magnusson R, Treated methylcatechol with equimolar concentrated sodium periodate produces quinone product. Acta Chem Scand 13:505-519 (1959).
24. Payne RW, Murray DA, Harding SA, Baird DB and Soutar DM, Genstat® for Windows™ (8th edn). Introduction. VSN International, Oxford (2002).
25. Lee MRF, Parfitt LJ, Scollan ND and Minchin FR, Lipolysis in red clover with different polyphenol oxidase activities in the presence and absence of rumen fluid. J Sci Food Agric 87:1308-1314 (2007).
26. Lee MRF, Scott MB, Tweed JKS, Minchin FR and Scollan ND, The effect of polyphenol oxidase on lipolysis and proteolysis of red clover silage with and without a silage inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum L54). Anim Feed Sci Technol 144:125-136 (2008).
27. Igarashi K and Yasui T, Oxidation of free methionine and methionine residues in protein involved in the browning reaction of phenolic compounds. Agric Biol Chem 49:2309-2315 (1985).
28. Winters AL, Minchin FR, Merry RJ and Morris P, Comparison of polyphenol oxidase activity in red clover and perennial ryegrass. Asp Appl Biol 70:121-128 (2001).
29. Albrecht KA and Broderick GA, Ruminal in vitro degradation of protein from different legume species. Research Summaries. US Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI, pp. 92-94 (1992).
30. Lee MRF, Tweed JKS, Scollan ND and Sullivan ML, Mechanism of polyphenol oxidase action in reducing lipolysis and proteolysis in red clover during batch culture incubation, in Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science (2008).
31. Lourenço M, Van Ranst G and Fievez V, Differences in extent of lipolysis in red or white clover and ryegrass silages in relation to polyphenol oxidase activity. Commun Appl Biol Sci 70:169-172 (2005).
32. Moreno DA, Nebojsa I, Poulev A, Brasaemle DL, Fried SK and Raskin I, Inhibitory effects of grape seed extract on lipases. Basic Nutr Invest 19:876-879 (2003).
33. Balci M, Gulekin S and Celik M, Product subclass 9: Alkyl-substituted benzo-1,4-quinones, in Science of Synthesis, Vol. 28, ed by Griesbeck AG. Georg Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 151-159 (2006).
34. Crombie WM, Fatty acids in chloroplasts and leaves. J Exp Bot 9:254-261 (1958).
35. Kim E-J, Huws SA, Lee MRF, Wood JD, Muetzel SM, Wallace RJ, et al, Fish oil increases the duodenal flow of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and trans-11 18:1 and decreases 18:0 in steers via changes in the rumen bacterial community. J Nutr 138:889-896 (2008).