Optimal approach to potentially resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy

Volumn 8, Issue 10, 2008, Pages 1533-1539

  Falcone, Alfredo ^a,b   Fornaro, Lorenzo ^a   Loupakis, Fotios ^a   Masi, Gianluca ^a   Vasile, Enrico ^a  

^a ISTITUTO TOSCANO TUMORI   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PISA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BEVACIZUMAB; CETUXIMAB; FLUOROPYRIMIDINE; FLUOROURACIL; FOLINIC ACID; IRINOTECAN; OXALIPLATIN; PANITUMUMAB;

ADJUVANT THERAPY; BLEEDING; BOLUS INJECTION; CANCER ADJUVANT THERAPY; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURVIVAL; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; CLINICAL TRIAL; COLORECTAL CANCER; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DISEASE COURSE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TARGETING; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; EDITORIAL; GENE MUTATION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; LIVER INJURY; LIVER METASTASIS; LIVER RESECTION; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; ONCOGENE K RAS; PATIENT SELECTION; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PREDICTION; PROGNOSIS; PROTEINURIA; RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION; STEATOSIS; SURVIVAL TIME; THROMBOSIS; TREATMENT INDICATION; TREATMENT RESPONSE; TUMOR REGRESSION; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT;

ANTINEOPLASTIC COMBINED CHEMOTHERAPY PROTOCOLS; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS; COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; HUMANS; LIVER NEOPLASMS; PATIENT SELECTION; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 55249106459     PISSN: 14737140     EISSN: 17448328     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/14737140.8.10.1533     Document Type: Editorial

References (52)

1. Ferlay J, Autier P, Boniol M et al. Estimates of the cancer incidence and mortality in Europe in 2006. Ann. Oncol. 18(3), 581-592 (2007).
2. Goldberg RM, Rothenberg ML, Van Cursem E et al. The continuum of care: a paradigm for the management of metastatic colorectal cancer. Oncologist 12(1), 38-50 (2007).
3. Douillard JY, Cunningham D, Roth AD et al. Irinotecan combined with fluorouracil compared with fluorouracil alone as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet 355(9209), 1041-1047 (2000).
4. Saltz LB, Cox JV, Blanke C et al. Irinotecan plus fluorouracil and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer. Irinotecan Study Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 343 (13), 905-914 (2000).
5. Kohne CH, van Cutsern E, Wils J et al. Phase III study of weekly high-dose infusional fluorouracil plus folinic acid with or without irinotecan in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Gastrointestinal Group Study 40986. J. Clin. Oncol. 23(22), 4856-4865 (2005).
6. Giacchetti S, Perpoint B, Zidani R et al. Phase III multicenter randomized trial of oxaliplatin added to chronomodulated fluorouracil-leucovorin as first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 18(1), 136-147 (2000).
7. De Gramont A, Figer A, Seymour M et al. Leucovorin and fluorouracil with or without oxaliplatin as first-line treatment in advanced colorectal. cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 18 (16), 2938-2947 (2000).
8. Hurwitz H, Fehrenbacher L, Novotny W et al. Bevacizumab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 350(23), 2335-2342 (2004).
9. Cunningham D, Humblet Y, Siena S et al. Cetuximab monotherapy and cetuximab plus irinotecan in irinotecan-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 351(4), 337-345 (2004).
10. Van Cutsem E, Peeters M, Siena S et al. Open-label Phase III trial of panitumumab plus best supportive care compared with best supportive care alone in patients with chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 25 (13), 1658-1664 (2007).
11. Tomlinson JS, Jarnagin WR, DeMatteo RP et al. Actual 10-year survival after resection of colorectal liver metastases defines cure. J. Clin. Oncol. 25 (29), 4575-4580 (2007).
12. Kemeny N. Presurgical chemotherapy in patients being considered for liver resection. Oncologist 12(7), 825-839 (2007).
13. Adam R, Avisar E, Ariche A et al. Five-year survival following hepatic resection after neoadjuvant therapy for nonresectable colorectal. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 8(4), 347-353 (2001).
14. Pawlik TM, Schulick RD, Choti MA. Expanding criteria for resectability of colorectal liver metastases. Oncologist 13(1), 51-64 (2008).
15. Poston GJ, Adam R, Alberts S et al. OncoSurge: a strategy for improving resectability with curative intent in metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 23(28), 7125-7134 (2005).
16. Loupakis F, Masi G, Vasile E, Falcone A. First-line chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: new approaches and therapeutic algorithms. Always hit hard first? Curr. Opin. Oncol. 20(4), 459-465 (2008).
17. Wieri ng B, Krabbe PFM, Jager GJ et al. The impact of fluor-18-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in the management of colorectal liver metastases. A systematic review and metaanalysis. Cancer 104(12), 2658-2670 (2005).
18. 18F-FDG positron emission tomography scanning on selection of patients for resection of hepatic colorectal metastases. Am. J. Surg. 178(4), 282-287 (1999).
19. Lubezky N, Metser U, Geva R et al. The role and limitations of 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scan and computerized tomography (CT) in restaging patients with hepatic colorectal metastases following neoadjuvant chemotherapy: comparison with operative and pathological findings. J. Gastrointest. Surg. 11(4), 472-478 (2007).
20. Wiering B, Krabbe PF, Jager GJ et al. The impact of fluor-18-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in the management of colorectal liver metastases. Cancer 104(12), 2658-2670 (2005).
21. Lauenstein TC, Goehde SC, Herborn CU et al. Whole-body MR imaging: evaluation of patients for metastases. Radiology 233 (1), 139-148 (2004).
22. Folprecht G, Grothey A, Alberts S et al. Neoadjuvant treatment of unresectable colorectal liver metastases: correlation between tumour response and resection rates. Ann. Oncol. 16(8), 1311-1319 (2005).
23. Colucci G, Gebbia V, Paoletti G et al. Phase III randomized trial of FOLFIRI versus FOLFOX4 in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: a multicenter study of the Gruppo Oncologico Dell'Italia Meridionale. J. Clin. Oncol. 23 (22), 4866-4875 (2005).
24. Tournigand C, André T, Achille E et al. FOLFIRI followed by FOLFOX6 or the reverse sequence in advanced colorectal cancer: a randomized GERCOR study. J. Clin. Oncol. 22 (2), 229-237 (2004).
25. Goldberg RM, Sargent DJ, Morton RF et al. A randomized controlled trial of fluorouracil plus leucovorin, irinorecan, and oxaliplatin combinations in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin. Oncol. 22 (1), 23-30 (2004).
26. Delaunoit T, Alberts SR, Sargent DJ et al. Chemotherapy permits resection of metastatic colorectal cancer: experience from Intergroup N9741. Ann. Oncol. 16(3), 425-429 (2005).
27. Masi G, Allegrini G, Cupini S et al. First-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer with irinotecan, oxaliplatin and 5-fltiorouracil/leucovorin (FOLFOXIRI): results of a Phase II study with a simplified biweekly schedule. Ann. Oncol. 15(12), 1766-1772 (2004).
28. Falcone A, Ricci S, Brunetti I et al. Phase III trial of infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (FOLFOXIRI) compared with infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: the Gruppo Oncologico Nord Ovest. J. Clin. Oncol. 2503), 1670-1676 (2007).
29. Ychou M, Viret F, Kramar A et al. Tritherapy with fluorouracil/ leucovorin, irinotecan and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX): a Phase II study in colorectal cancer patients with non-resectable liver metastases. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 62(2), 195-201 (2008).
30. Masi G, Cupini S, Marcucci L et al. Treatment with 5-fluorouracil/ folinic acid, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan enables surgical resection of metastases in patients with initially unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 13(1), 58-65 (2006).
31. Masi G, Loupakis F, Fornaro L et al. Outcome of initially unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC) patients (pts) created with firstline FOLFOXIRI followed by R0 surgical resection of metastases (mts). J. Clin. Oncol. 26(Suppl.) (2008) (Abstract 4074).
32. Dy GK, Krook JE, Green EM et al. Impact of complete response to chemotherapy on overall survival in advanced colorectal cancer: results from Intergroup N9741. J. Clin. Oncol. 25(23), 3469-3474 (2007).
33. Gruenberger B, Tamandl D, Schueller J et al. Bevacizumab, capecitabine, and oxaliplatin as neoadjuvant therapy for patients with potentially curable metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 26(11), 1830-1835 (2008).
34. Ellis LM, Curley SA, Grothey A. Surgical resection after downsizing of colorectal liver metastasis in the era of bevacizurnab. J. Clin. Oncol. 23(22), 4853- 4855 (2005).
35. Cassidy J, Cunningham D, Berry SR et al. Surgery with curative intent in patients (pts) treated with first-line chemotherapy (CT) + bevacizumab (BEV) for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): first BEAT and NO16966. J. Clin. Oncol. 26(Suppl.) (2008) (Abstract 4022).
36. Falcone A, Masi G, Loupakis F et al. FOLFOXIRI (irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and infusional 5FU/LV) in combination with bevacizumab (BV) in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): a Phase II study by the G.O.N.O. group. J. Clin. Onnol. 26(Suppl.) (2008) (Abstract 4031).
37. Van Cutsem E, Nowacki M, Langet I et al. Randomized Phase III study of irinotecan and 5-FU/FA with or without cetuximab in the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): the CRYSTAL trial. 2007 ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings Part I. J. Clin. Oncol. 25(18S), (2007) (Abstract 4000).
38. Lenz HJ, Van Cutsem E, Khambata-Ford S et al. Multicenter Phase II and translational study of cetuximab in metastatic colorectal carcinoma refractory to irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and fluoropyrimidines. J. Clin. Oncol. 24(30), 4914-4921 (2006).
39. Bokemeyer C, Bondarenko I, Makhson A et al. Cetuximab plus 5-FU/ FA/oxaliplatin (FOLFOX-4) versus FOLFOX-4 in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): OPUS, a randomized Phase II study. 2007 ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings Part I. J. Clin. Oncol. 25(18S), (2007) (Abstract 4035).
40. Garufi C, Torsello A, Tumulo S et al. POCHER (PreOperative Chemotherapy for Hepatic Resection) study with cetuximab (C-225) plus chronomodulated (chrono) CPT-11/5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin (FA)/ oxaliplatin (L-OHP) (CPT-FFL) in colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Presented at: 2008 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium. 25-27 January, Orlando, FL, USA 2008 (Abstract 367).
41. Samalin E, Thezenas S, Mineur L et al. Interim analysis of a multicenter Phase II trial evaluating cetuximab in combination with FOLFIRINOX (LV5FU + irinotecan + oxaliplatin) as first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. Presented at: 2008 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium. 25-27 January, Orlando, FL, USA 2008 (Abstract 375).
42. Saltz LB, Lenz H-J, Kindler HL et al. Randomized Phase II trial of cetuximab, bevacizurnab, and irinotecan compared with cetuximab and bevacizumab alone in irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer: the BOND-2 study. J. Clin. Oncol. 25(29), 4557-4561 (2007).
43. Punt CJ, Tol J, Rodenburg CJ et al. Randomized Phase III study of capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab with or without cetuximab in advanced colorectal cancer (ACC), the CAIRO2 study of the Dutch Colorecral Cancer Group (DCCG). J. Clin. Oncol. 26(Suppl.) (2008) (Astract LBA4011).
44. Chung KY, Shia J, Kemeny NE et al. Cetuximab shows activity in colorectal cancer patients with tumors that do not express the epidermal growth factor receptor by immunohistochemistry. J. Clin. Oncol. 23(9), 1803-1810 (2005).
45. Loupakis F, Vasile E, Santini D et al. EGF-receptor targeting with monoclonal antibodies in colorectal carcinomas: rationale for a pharmacogenetic approach. Pharmacogenomics 9(1), 55-69 (2008).
46. Lievre A, Bachet JB, Le Corre D et al. KRAS mutation status is predictive of response to cetuximab therapy in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res. 66(8), 3992-3995 (2006).
47. Di Fiore F, Blanchard F, Charbonnier F et al. Clinical relevance of KRAS mutation detection in metastatic colorectal cancer treated by cetuximab plus chemotherapy. Br. J. Cancer 96(8), 1166-1169 (2007).
48. De Roock W, Piessevaux H, De Schutter J et al. KRAS wild-type state predicts survival and is associated to early radiological response in metastatic colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab. Ann. Oncol. 19(3), 508-515 (2008).
49. Van Cutsem E, Lang I, D'haens G et al. KRAS status and efficacy in the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with FOLFIRI with or without cetuximab: the CRYSTAL experience. J Clin. Oncol. 26(Suppl.) (2008) (Abstract 2).
50. Bokemeyer C, Bondarenko I, Hartmann JT et al. KRAS status and efficacy of first-line treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with FOLFOX with or without cetuximab: the OPUS experience. J. Clin. Oncol. 26(Suppl.) (2008) (Abstract 4000).
51. Ince WL, Jubb AM, Holden SN, Association of k-ras, b-raf, and p53 status with the treatment effect of bevacizurnab. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 97(13), 981-989 (2005).
52. Hurwitz HI, Yi J, Ince W et al. The clinical benefit of bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer is independent of K-RAS mutation status: analysis of a Phase III study of bevacizurnab with chemotherapy in previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann. Oncol. 19, vi9-vi19 (2008).