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Preliminary study of substituent effects and trapping experiments: M. Berndt, H.-U. Reißig, Synlett 2001, 1290-1292;
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We recently found in one example that at 0°C the reaction proceeded more cleanly and with slightly higher yields also see ref.[25
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[25]).
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71
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The use of HMPA raises the reducing potential of samarium diiodide and is required for many ketyl coupling reactions. See: a K. Otsubo, J. Inanaga, M. Yamaguchi, Tetrahedron Lett. 1986, 27, 5763-5764;
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The use of HMPA raises the reducing potential of samarium diiodide and is required for many ketyl coupling reactions. See: a) K. Otsubo, J. Inanaga, M. Yamaguchi, Tetrahedron Lett. 1986, 27, 5763-5764;
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recent review: R. A. Flowers II, Synlett, in press. There has been no general success by replacing HMPA with less toxic cosolvents.
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recent review: R. A. Flowers II, Synlett, in press. There has been no general success by replacing HMPA with less toxic cosolvents.
-
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80
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53749106216
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This is a widely used procedure for the preparation of samarium diiodide which was first employed by Kagan: J. L. Namy, P. Girard, H. Kagan, New J. Chem. 1977, 1, 5-7
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This is a widely used procedure for the preparation of samarium diiodide which was first employed by Kagan: J. L. Namy, P. Girard, H. Kagan, New J. Chem. 1977, 1, 5-7.
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81
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53749103538
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2. We thank Professor H. Yamamoto for discussions on this problem and suggesting this pathway.
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2. We thank Professor H. Yamamoto for discussions on this problem and suggesting this pathway.
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53749090548
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Model DFT calculations performed by Prof. T. Strassner, Technische Universität Dresden, could not include samarium. Therefore, these calculations did not provide conclusive evidence for the mechanism involved
-
Model DFT calculations performed by Prof. T. Strassner, Technische Universität Dresden, could not include samarium. Therefore, these calculations did not provide conclusive evidence for the mechanism involved.
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For these substrates we can not rigorously exclude a different mechanism. Transfer of two electrons to the aromatic ring may provide a dianion which immediately adds to the carbonyl group. However, we assume it unlikely that the two-electron transfer is feasible. Furthermore, the stereoselectivity which is in all cases indentical makes a switch in the mechanism also unlikely
-
For these substrates we can not rigorously exclude a different mechanism. Transfer of two electrons to the aromatic ring may provide a dianion which immediately adds to the carbonyl group. However, we assume it unlikely that the two-electron transfer is feasible. Furthermore, the stereoselectivity which is in all cases indentical makes a switch in the mechanism also unlikely.
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88
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For a theoretical study of related electrochemical couplings strongly supporting involvement of ketyls, see: N. Kise, J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 2147-2152
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For a theoretical study of related electrochemical couplings strongly supporting involvement of ketyls, see: N. Kise, J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 2147-2152.
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91
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For selected examples of synthesis and reactivity of compounds with cyclohexa-1,4-diene substructure, see: a
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