An indirect and direct measure of anxiety-related perceived control in children: The Implicit Association Procedure (IAP) and Anxiety Control Questionnaire for Children (ACQ-C)

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

Volumn 39, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 436-450

  Hogendoorn, Sanne M ^a   Wolters, Lidewij H ^a   Vervoort, Leentje ^b   Prins, Pier J M ^b   Boer, Frits ^a   de Haan, Else ^a  

^a De Bascule   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Anxiety Control Questionnaire; Anxiety disorders; Children; Implicit Association Procedure; Perceived control

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ANXIETY CONTROL QUESTIONNAIRE FOR CHILDREN; ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; CHILD BEHAVIOR; CHILD PSYCHIATRY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMPLICIT ASSOCIATION PROCEDURE; MALE; QUESTIONNAIRE; SCHOOL CHILD;

ADOLESCENT; ANXIETY DISORDERS; CHILD; CHILD PSYCHOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERNAL-EXTERNAL CONTROL; LIFE CHANGE EVENTS; MALE; PERSONALITY INVENTORY; PRACTICE (PSYCHOLOGY); PSYCHOMETRICS; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; QUESTIONNAIRES; REACTION TIME; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 53549111904     PISSN: 00057916     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2007.11.003     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Achenbach T.M. Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist 4-18 and 1991 profiles (1991), University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, Burlington, VT
2. Bakker F.C., Van Wieringen P.C., Van der Ploeg H.M., and Spielberger C.D. Handleiding bij de Zelf-Beoordelings-Vragenlijst voor Kinderen ZBV-K (1989), Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, the Netherlands
3. Barlow D.H. Anxiety and its disorders: The nature and treatment of anxiety and panic. 2nd ed. (2002), the Guilford Press, New York
4. Brendl C.M., Markman A.B., and Messner C. Indirectly measuring evaluations of several attitude objects in relation to a neutral reference point. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 41 (2005) 346-368
5. Chorpita B.F., and Barlow D.H. The development of anxiety: the role of control in the early environment. Psychological Bulletin 124 (1998) 3-21
6. Cohen J. A power primer. Psychological Bulletin 112 1 (1992) 155-159
7. De Houwer J. The Implicit Association Test as a tool for studying dysfunctional associations in psychopathology: strengths and limitations. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 33 2 (2002) 115-133
8. De Jong P.J., Pasman W., Kindt M., and Van den Hout M.A. A reaction time paradigm to assess (implicit) complaint-specific dysfunctional beliefs. Behaviour Research and Therapy 39 1 (2001) 101-113
9. De Raedt R., Schacht R., Franck E., and De Houwer J. Self-esteem and depression revisited: implicit positive self-esteem in depressed patients?. Behaviour Research and Therapy 44 7 (2006) 1017-1028
10. Egloff B., and Schmukle S.C. Predictive validity of an implicit association test for assessing anxiety. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 83 6 (2002) 1441-1455
11. Ellwart T., Becker E.S., and Rinck M. Activation and measurement of threat associations in fear of spiders: an application of the Extrinsic Affective Simon Task. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 36 4 (2005) 281-299
12. Fazio R.H., and Olson M.A. Implicit measures in social cognition research: their meaning and use. Annual Review of Psychology 54 (2003) 297-327
13. Field A. Discovering statistics using SPSS. 2nd ed. (2006), Sage Publications Ltd., London
14. Greenwald A.G., and Banaji M.R. Implicit social cognition: attitudes, self-esteem and stereotypes. Psychological Review 101 2 (1995) 4-27
15. Greenwald A.G., and Farnham S.D. Using the implicit association test to measure self-esteem and self-concept. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79 6 (2000) 1022-1038
16. Greenwald A.G., McGhee D.E., and Schwartz J.L.K. Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: the implicit association test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74 6 (1998) 1464-1480
17. Greenwald A.G., Nosek B.A., and Banaji M.R. Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: 1. An improved scoring algorithm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 85 (2003) 197-216
18. Hofmann W., Gawronski B., Gschwendner T., Le H., and Schmitt M. A meta-analysis on the correlation between the Implicit Association Test and explicit self-report measures. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 31 10 (2005) 1369-1385
19. James A., Soler A., and Weatherall R. Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. [Art. No. CD004690.pub2]. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 4 (2005) 10.1002/14651858.CD004690.pub2 Art.No.: CD004690
20. Kim D. Voluntary controllability of the Implicit Association Test (IAT). Social Psychology Quarterly 66 1 (2003) 83-96
21. Nosek B.A. Moderators of the relationship between implicit and explicit evaluation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 134 4 (2005) 565-584
22. Nosek B.A., Greenwald A.G., and Banaji M.R. Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: II. Method variables and construct validity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 31 (2005) 166-180
23. Nosek B.A., Greenwald A.G., and Banaji M.R. The Implicit Association Test at age 7: a methodological and conceptual review. In: Bargh J.A. (Ed). Social psychology and the unconscious: The automaticity of higher mental processes (2006), Psychology Press 265-292
24. Greenwald, A. G., Poehlman, T. A., Uhlmann, E., & Banaji, M. R. (in press). Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta-analysis of predictive validity. Journal of Personality and Social Pscyhology.
25. Rapee R.M., Craske M.G., Brown T.A., and Barlow D.H. Measurement of perceived control over anxiety-related events. Behavior Therapy 27 (1996) 279-293
26. Rinck M., and Becker E.S. Approach and avoidance in fear of spiders. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 38 (2007) 105-120
27. Schnabel, K. (2004). Implicit personality self-concept: assessment and validation. Doctoral dissertation. Available from .
28. Schnabel K., Banse R., and Asendorpf J. Employing automatic approach and avoidance tendencies for the assessment of implicit personality self-concept: the implicit association procedure (IAP). Experimental Psychology 53 1 (2006) 69-76
29. Spielberger C.D. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-form Y) (1983), Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA
30. Spielberger C.D., Edwards C.D., Lushene R.E., Montuori J., and Platzek D. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for children (1973), Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA
31. Van der Ploeg H.M. Handleiding bij de Zelf-Beoordelings-Vragenlijst. 2nd ed. (2000), Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, the Netherlands
32. Weems C.F., Costa N.M., Watts S.E., Taylor L.K., and Cannon M.F. Cognitive errors, anxiety sensitivity and anxiety control beliefs: their unique and specific associations with childhood anxiety symptoms. Behavior Modification 31 2 (2007) 174-201
33. Weems, C. F., Silverman, W. K., Alfano, C. A., & Tarolla, S. M. Control and anxiety in youth. Paper presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research on Child Development, April 1999, Albuquerque, NM.
34. Weems C.F., Silverman W.K., Rapee R.M., and Pina A.A. The role of control in childhood anxiety disorders. Cognitive Therapy and Research 27 (2003) 557-568