HRM practices and systems within South-Asian small businesses

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research

Volumn 14, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 414-439

  McPherson, Mark ^a  

^a MIDDLESEX UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Entrepreneurs; Ethnic minorities; Human resource management; Small enterprises; South Asia

Indexed keywords

EID: 53349144741     PISSN: 13552554     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/13552550810910988     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Anwar, M. (1979), The Myth of Return: Pakistanis in Britain, Heinemann, London.
2. Arthur, J.B. (1994), "Effects of human resources systems on manufacturing performance and turnover", Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 37 No. 3, pp. 670-87.
3. Atkinson, J. and Storey, D.J. (1994), Employment, the Small Firm and the Labour Market, Thomson Learning, London.
4. Bacon, N. and Hoque, K. (2005), "HRM in the SME sector: valuable employees and coercive networks", International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 16 No. 11, pp. 1976-99.
5. Bagwell, S. (2005), "Transitional family networks and ethnic minority business development: the case of the UK Vietnamese nail shop", Proceedings of the 50th ICSB World Conference, Washington, DC, 15-18 June.
6. Bank of England (2000), Finance for the Small Business in Deprived Communities, Bank of England, London.
7. Barrett, G., Jones, T., McEvoy, D. and McGoldrick, C. (2002), "The economic embeddedness of immigrant enterprise in Britain", International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, Vol. 8 Nos 1/2, pp. 11-31.
8. Basu, A. and Goswami, A. (1998), "Role of institutional support in Asian entrepreneurial expansion in the UK", Proceedings of the 21st National Small Business Firms Conference, pp. 625-46.
9. Bonacich, E. (1973), "A theory of middlemen minorities", American Sociological Review, Vol. 38, pp. 583-94.
10. Boselie, P., Paauve, J. and Jansen, P. (2001), "Human resource management and performance: lessons from The Netherlands", International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 12 No. 7, pp. 1107-25.
11. Cardon, M. and Stevens, C.E. (2004), "Managing human resources in small organisations: what do we know?", Human Resource Management Review, Vol. 14, pp. 295-323.
12. Carlson, D.S., Upton, N. and Seaman, S. (2006), "The impact of human resource practices and compensation design on performance: an analysis of family-owned SMEs", Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 44 No. 4, pp. 531-43.
13. Carter, C. (2007), "Employment update: topical employment law issues", working paper, Ashurst Law Company, London.
14. Cassell, C., Nadin, S., Gray, M. and Clegg, C. (2002), "Exploring human resource management practices in small and medium sized enterprises", Personnel Review, Vol. 31 No. 6, pp. 671-92.
15. Centre for Enterprise and Economic Development Research (2000), "Mapping ethnic minority owned businesses in Devon and Cornwall", Final Report to Prosper, January, Centre for Enterprise and Economic Development Research, Middlesex University, London.
16. Chan, S. and Lin-Pang, C. (1998), "Entrepreneurial culture of the second generation European Chinese", Proceedings of the 21st ISBA National Small Firms Conference, pp. 1332-50.
17. Cromie, S. and Adams, J. (1997), "Families in business: management succession in family firms: the challenge of change", in Deakins, D., Jennings, P. and Mason, C. (Eds), Small Firms Entrepreneurship in the Nineties, Paul Chapman Publishing, London, pp. 61-71.
18. Cromie, S., Stephenson, B. and Monteith, D. (1995), "The management of family firms: an empirical investigation", International Small Business Journal, Vol. 13 No. 4, pp. 11-32.
19. Deakins, D., Ishaq, M., Smallbone, D., Whittam, G. and Wyper, J. (2005), "Minority ethnic enterprise in Scotland: a national study", Final Research Report for the Scottish Executive, Edinburgh.
20. Dhaliwal, S. (1997), "Silent contributors - Asian female entrepreneurs", Proceedings of the 20th ISBA National Conference, Belfast, 19-21 November, Vol. 1, pp. 505-22.
21. Dickens, L. and Hall, M. (2006), "Fairness - up to a point. Assessing the impact of New Labour's employment legislation", Human Resource Management Journal, Vol. 16 No. 4, pp. 338-56.
22. Dobni, C.B. and Luffman, G. (2000), "Implementing marketing strategy through marketing orientation", Journal of Marketing Management, No. 16, pp. 895-916.
23. Durgin, T. (2006), "Changing the talent equation: moving from a 'cost-centric' to an 'asset-based' view of talent", HCI White Paper, sponsored by Kronos, April 25, Human Capital Institute, Washington, DC.
24. Easterby-Smith, M., Thorpe, R. and Lowe, A. (1991), Management Research: An Introduction, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
25. Edelman, L., Brush, C.G. and Monolova, T.S. (2002), "The impact of human and organisational resources on small firm strategy", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 9 No. 3, pp. 236-44.
26. Fadahunsi, A., Smallbone, D. and Supri, S. (1999), "Networking in ethnic minority enterprises: an analysis of small minority owned firms in North London", Proceedings of the 22nd ISBA National Small Firms Conference: Ethnic Minority Enterprises, Leeds, November.
27. Fletcher, D. (1998), "Investigating workplace values in small family organisations through ethnographic inquiry", Proceedings of the 21st ISBA National Small Firms Conference: Celebrating the Small Business, University of Durham, November, pp. 1264-82.
28. Fobrum, C., Tichy, N.M. and Devanna, M.A. (1984), Strategic Human Resource Management, Wiley, Chichester.
29. Gill, J. and Johnson, P. (1991), Research Methods for Managers, Paul Chapman Publishing, London.
30. Harney, B. and Dundon, T. (2006), "Capturing complexity; developing an integrated approach to analysing HRM in SMEs", Human Resource Management Journal, Vol. 16 No. 1, pp. 48-73.
31. Harris, R., Reid, R.S. and McAdam, R. (2004), "Consultation and communication in family businesses in Great Britain", International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 15 No. 8, pp. 1424-44.
32. Hayton, J.C. (2003), "Strategic human capital management in SMEs: an empirical study of entrepreneurial performance", Human Resource Management, Vol. 42 No. 2, pp. 375-91.
33. Hornsby, J.S. and Kuratko, D.K. (1990), "Human resource management in small firms: critical issues for the 1990s", Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 28, July, pp. 9-18.
34. Hussey, J. and Hussey, R. (1997), Business Research: A Practical Guide for Undergraduate and Postgraduate Students, Macmillan, London.
35. Janjuha, S. and Dickson, K. (1998), "The ties that bind and explanation of succession within South Asian family firms in Britain", Proceedings of the 21st ISBA National Small Firms Conference, University of Durham, November, pp. 309-21.
36. Jayamara, J., Droge, C. and Vikery, S.K. (1999), "The impact of human resource management practices on manufacturing performance", Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 1-20.
37. Jennings, P. and Cohen, L. (1993), "Invisible entrepreneurs", Proceedings of the 16th National Small Firms Policy and Research Conference, Institute of Small Business Affairs, Nottingham University, November.
38. Jones, T. and Ram, M. (2007), "Ethnic variations in the small form labour process", Proceedings of the 1st International Colloquium on Ethnic Entrepreneurship and Management (ICEE 2007), Bradford University, Bradford, 22-23 March, pp. 61-7.
39. Jones, T., Ram, M. and Edwards, P. (2006), "Ethnic minority business and the employment of illegal immigrants", Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, Vol. 18, pp. 133-50.
40. Kloosterman, R., van der Leun, J. and Rath, J. (1999), "Mixed embeddedness: (in) formal economic activities and immigrant businesses in The Netherlands", International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 23 No. 2, pp. 252-66.
41. Kotey, B. and Slade, P. (2005), "Formal human resource management practices in small growing firms", Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 43 No. 1, pp. 16-40.
42. Leung, A. (2003), "Difference ties for different needs; recruitment practices of entrepreneurial firms at different development phases", Human Resource Management, Vol. 42 No. 4, pp. 303-20.
43. Light, I. (1999), "Globalisation and migration networks", in Rath, J. (Ed.), Immigrant Businesses: The Economic, Political and Social Environment, Macmillan, London, pp. 162-80.
44. McCarthy, M. (2002), "Asians turn their back on family-run corner shop", The Independent, 5 January, p. 8.
45. Malhotra, N.K. (1996), Marketing Research: An Applied Orientation, 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall International, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
46. Marlow, S. (2002), "Regulating labour management in small firms", Human Resource Management Journal, Vol. 12 No. 3, pp. 25-43.
47. Marlow, S. and Patton, D. (2002), "Minding the gap between employers and employees. The challenge for owner-managers of smaller manufacturing firms", Employee Relations, Vol. 24 No. 5, pp. 523-39.
48. Mavondo, F.T., Chimhanzi, J. and Stewart, J. (2004), "Learning orientation and market orientation: relationship with innovation, human resource practice and performance", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 39 Nos 11/12, pp. 1235-63.
49. Metcalf, H., Modood, T. and Virdee, S. (1997), Ethnic Minorities in Britain: Diversity and Disadvantage, Policy Studies Institute, London.
50. Miles, M. and Huberman, M. (1994), An Expanded Sources Book: Qualitative Data Analysis, 2nd ed., Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
51. Mintzberg, H. and Quinn, J.B. (1992), The Strategy Process: Concepts and Contexts, Prentice-Hall International, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
52. Nabi, M.D.N. (1995), "Social-structural and cultural determinants in the formation and operation of small enterprise in the UK, with particular reference to the economy of East London and its Asian communities", PhD thesis, London Guildhall, London.
53. Nehles, A.C., van Riemsdijk, M., Kok, I. and Looise, J.K. (2006), "Implementing human resource management successfully: a first-line management challenge", Management Revue, Vol. 17 No. 3, pp. 256-73.
54. Nguyen, T.V. and Bryant, S.E. (2004), "A study of formality of human resource management practices in small and medium sized enterprises in Vietnam", International Small Business Journal, Vol. 22 No. 6, pp. 595-618.
55. Patterson, M.G., West, M.A., Lawthom, R. and Nickell, S. (1997), "Impact of people practices on business performance", Issues in People Management, No. 22.
56. Phizacklea, A. and Ram, M. (1995), "Ethnic entrepreneurship in comparative perspective", International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 48-58.
57. Pratten, J.D. and Lovatt, C.J. (2005), "The impact of employment legislation on micro businesses: a case study from the licensed trade", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 12 No. 2, pp. 290-300.
58. Ram, M. (1994), "Unravelling social networks in ethnic minority firms", International Small Business Journal, Vol. 12 No. 3, pp. 42-53.
59. Ram, M. and Holliday, R. (1993), "Relative merits: family culture and kinship in small firms", Journal of Sociology, Vol. 27 No. 4, pp. 629-48.
60. Ram, M. and Jones, T. (1998), Ethnic Minorities in Business, Small Business Research Trust/Open University Press, Buckingham.
61. Ram, M. and Smallbone, D. (2001), Ethnic Minority Enterprise: Policy and Practice, Final Report prepared for the Small Business Service, London, June.
62. Ram, M., Abbas, T., Sanghera, B. and Hillin, G. (1998), "Currying favour with the locals: balti owners and business enclaves", Proceedings of the 21st ISBA National Conference, University of Durham, November, pp. 792-809.
63. Rath, J. (2000), "Outsiders' business: a critical review of research on immigrant entrepreneurship", International Migration Review, Vol. 34 No. 3, pp. 657-81.
64. Remenyi, D. (1995), "So you want to be an academic researcher in business and management studies?", Working Paper Series, Henley Management College, Henley-on-Thames.
65. Ryan, G.W. and Bernard, R. (2000), "Data management and analysis methods", in Denzin, N. and Lincoln, Y. (Eds), Handbook of Qualitative Research, 2nd ed., Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
66. Staring, R. (1999), "International migration and undocumented immigrants and immigrant entrepreneurship", in Rath, J. (Ed.), Immigrant Businesses: The Economic, Political and Social Environment, Macmillan, London, pp. 182-221.
67. Stoy Hayward Report (1989), Staying the Course: Survival Characteristics of Family Owned Businesses, survey in conjunction with the London School of Business, London.
68. Swierczek, F.W. and Ha, T.T. (2003), "Motivation and entrepreneurship and performance of SMEs in Vietnam", Journal of Enterprising Culture, Vol. 11 No. 1, pp. 47-68.
69. Torrington, D. and Hall, L. (1991), Personal Management: A New Approach, 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall, Hemel Hempstead.
70. Ulrich, D. (1997), Human Resource Champions: The Next Agenda for Adding and Delivering Results, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
71. van Sliedregt, T., Voskuilj, O.F. and Thierry, H. (2001), "Job evaluation systems and pay grade structures: do they match?", International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 12 No. 8, pp. 1313-24.
72. Walker, R. (1985), Applied Qualitative Research, Gower, Aldershot.
73. Waterson, P., Clegg, C.W., Bolden, R., Pepper, K., Wall, P.B. and Warr, T.D. (1997), The Use and Effectiveness of Modern Manufacturing Practices in the United Kingdom, ESRC Centre for Organisation and Innovation, Institute of Work Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield.
74. Way, S. and Johnson, D. (2005), "Theorizing about the impact of strategic human resource management", Human Resource Management Review, Vol. 15, pp. 1-19.
75. Westhead, P. and Cowling, M. (1997), "Performance contrasts between family and non-family unquoted companies in the UK", International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, Vol. 3 No. 1, pp. 30-52.
76. Wheelock, J. (1992), "The flexibility of small business family work strategies", in Mason, C., Chittenden, F., Chell, E. and Caley, K. (Eds), Small Enterprise Development: Policy and Practice in Action, Paul Chapman Publishing, London, pp. 151-65.
77. Williamson, I.O. (2001), "Employer legitimacy and the recruitment process in small business", Entrepreneurship, Theory and Practice, Vol. 24 No. 1, Fall, p. 27.
78. Wong, C., Marshall, J.N., Alderman, N. and Thwaites, A. (1997), "Management training in small and medium sized enterprises: methodological and conceptual issues", International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 8 No. 1, pp. 44-65.
79. Gray, C. and Mabey, C. (2005), "Management development: key differences between small and large businesses in Europe", International Small Business Journal, Vol. 23 No. 5, pp. 467-85.
80. Jones, T., McEvoy, D. and Barrett, G. (1994), "Labour intensive practices in the ethnic minority firm", in Atkinson, J. and Storey, D. (Eds), Employment, the Small Firm and the other Labour Market, Part 5, Routledge, London, pp. 172-205.
81. Peters, N. (2002), "Mixed embeddedness: does it really explain immigrant enterprise in Western Australia (WA)?", International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, Vol. 8 Nos 1/2, pp. 32-53.
82. Ram, M., Smallbone, D., Deakins, D., Baldock, R., Fletcher, M. and Jones, T. (2002), "Access to finance and business support by ethnic minority firms in the UK", Final Report prepared for the British Bankers Association, London, August.