Study of the ZDDP antiwear tribofilm formed on the DLC coating using AFM and XPS techniques

ASTM Special Technical Publication

Volumn 1501 STP, Issue , 2008, Pages 92-102

  Haque, T ^a   Morina, A ^a   Neville, A ^a   Kapadia, R ^b   Arrowsmith, S ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^b INFINEUM UK LTD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Atomic force microscopy; Boundary lubrication; DLC coating; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate

Indexed keywords

ADDITIVES; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; FUEL ECONOMY; PHOTOELECTRONS; PHOTONS; WEAR RESISTANCE; X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; ZINC COATINGS; ZINC COMPOUNDS;

BOUNDARY LUBRICATION CONDITIONS; BOUNDARY LUBRICATIONS; DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON COATINGS; DLC COATINGS; LUBRICANT ADDITIVES; TOPOGRAPHICAL IMAGES; TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE; ZINC DIALKYL DITHIOPHOSPHATE;

TRIBOLOGY;

EID: 51649120371     PISSN: 00660558     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1520/stp45586s     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (32)

1. Pidduck, A. J. and Smith, G. C., "Scanning Probe Microscopy of Automotive Antiwear Films," Wear, Vol. 212, 1997, pp. 254-264.
2. Aktary, M., McDermott, M. T., and Torkelson, J., "Morphological Evolution of Films Formed from Thermo-oxidative Decomposition of ZDDP," Wear, Vol. 247, No. 1, 2001, pp. 172-179.
3. Morina, A., Green, J. H., Neville, A., and Priest, M., Surface and Tribological Characteristics of Tribofilms Formed in the Boundary Lubrication Regime with Application to Internal Combustion Engines," Tribol. Lett., Vol. 15, No. 4, 2003, pp. 443-452.
4. Ye, J., Kano, M., and Yasuda, Y., "Evaluation of Local Mechanical Properties in Depth in MoDTC/ZDDP and ZDDP Tribochemical Reacted Films Using Nanoindentation," Tribol. Lett., Vol. 13, No. 1, 2002, pp. 41-47.
5. Nicholls, M. A., Do, T., Norton, P. R., et al., "Chemical and Mechanical Properties of ZDDP Antiwear Films on Steel and Thermal Spray Coatings Studied by Xanes Spectroscopy and Nanoindentation Techniques," Tribol. Lett., Vol. 14, No. 3, 2003, pp. 241-248.
6. Martin, J. M., "Lubricant Additives and the Chemistry of Rubbing Surfaces: Metal Dithiophosphates Triboreaction Films Revisited," Jpn. J. Tribol., Vol. 42, No. 9, 2002.
7. Martin, J. M., "Antiwear Mechanisms of Zinc Dithiophosphate: A Chemical Hardness Approach," Tribol. Lett., Vol. 6, 1999, pp. 1-8;
8. Martin, J. M., Crossiord, C., Varlot, K., et al., "Synergistic Effects in Binary Systems of Lubricant Additives: A Chemical Hardness Approach," Tribol. Lett., Vol. 8, 2000, pp. 193-201.
9. Martin, J. M., Grossiord, C., Mogne, T. L., et al., "The Two-Layer Structure of Zndtp Tribofilms Part I: Aes, Xps and Xanes Analyses," Tribol. Int., Vol. 34, 2001, pp. 523-530.
10. Fuller, M. L. S., Kasrai, M., Bancroft, G. M., et al., "Solution Decomposition of Zinc Dialkyl Dithiophosphate and Its Effect on Antiwear and Thermal Film Formation Studied by X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy," Tribol. Int., Vol. 31, No. 10, 1998, pp. 627-644.
11. Ronkainen H., Varjus S., Holmberg K. "Friction and Wear Properties in Dry, Water- and OilLubricated DIC Against Alumina and DLC Against Steel Contacts," Wear, Vol. 222, No. 2, 1998, pp. 120-128.
12. Kodali, P., Walter, K. C., and Nastasi, M., "Investigation of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Amorphous Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings," Tribol. Int., Vol. 30, No. 8, 1997, pp. 591-598.
13. Podgornik, B., Jacobson, S., and Hogmark, S., "DIC Coating of Boundary Lubricated Components-Advantages of Coating One of the Contact Surfaces Rather than Both or None," Tribol. Int., Vol. 36, No. 11, 2003, pp. 843-849.
14. Kano, M. and Yasuda, Y., "The Effect of ZDDP and Modtc Additives on Friction Properties of DIC-Coated and Steel Cam Follower in Engine Oil," http://www.oetg.at/website/wtc2001ed/html/m-27-11-230-kano.pdf(accessed on 22 June 2006).
15. Barros'Bouchet, M. I. D., Martin, J. M., Le-Mogne, T., and Vacher, B., "Boundary Lubrication Mechanisms of Carbon Coatings by Modtc and ZDDP Additives," Tribol. Int., Vol. 38, No. 3, 2005, pp. 257-264.
16. Haque, T., Morina, A., Neville A., Kapadia, R. and Arrowsmith S., "Non-Ferrous Coating/ Lubricant Interactions in Tribological Contacts: Assessment of Tribofilms," Tribol. Int. (in press).
17. Ban, M., Ryoji, M., Fuji, S., and Fujioka, J., "Tribological Characteristics of Si-Containing Diamond-Like Carbon Films under Oil-Lubrication," Wear, Vol. 253, No. 3-4, 2002, pp. 331-338.
18. Miyake, S., Saito, T., Yasuda, Y., et al., "Improvement of Boundary Lubrication Properties of Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) Films Due to Metal Addition," Tribol. Int., Vol. 37, No. 9, 2004, pp. 751-761.
19. GRC, N., "Surface Interface Analysis Capability," http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/SurfSci/ssb-siac.html(accessed on 22 Nov. 2006).
20. Fairley, N., "Casaxps Version 2.1.25,"
21. Moulder, J. F., Stickle, W. F., Sobol, P. E., and Bomben, K. D., "Handbook of X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy," Minnesota: Pelmir-Elmer Corporation, 1992.
22. Klaffke, D., Santner, E., Spaltmann, D., and Woydt, M., "Influences on the Tribological Behavior of Slip-Rolling DLC-Coatings," Wear, Vol. 259, No. 1-6, 2005, pp. 752-758.
23. Pidduck, A. J. and Smith, G. C., "Scanning Probe Microscopy of Automotive Antiwear Films," Wear, Vol. 212, 1997, pp. 254-264.
24. Hellgren, N., Guo, J., Luo, Y., et al., "Electronic Structure of Carbon Nitride Thin Films Studied by X-ray Spectroscopy Techniques," Thin Solid Films, Vol. 471, No. (1-2), 2005, pp. 19-34.
25. Neville, A., Morina, A., Haque, T., and Voong, M., "Compatibility between Tribological Surfaces and Lubricant Additives-How Friction and Wear Reduction Can Be Controlled by Surface/Lube Synergies," Tribol, Int. (in press).
26. Onyiriuka, E. C., "Zinc Phosphate Glass Surfaces Studied by XPS," J. Non-Cryst. Solids, Vol. 163, No. 3, 1993, pp. 268-273.
27. Pokhmurs'kyi, V. I., Zin, I. M., Laion, S. B., and Bilyi, L. M., "Surface Films on Zinc-Plated Steel Formed on Holding in Aqueous Extracts of Anticorrosion Pigments," Mater. Sci., Vol. 39, No. 4, 2003, pp. 511-516.
28. Wagner, C. D., Naumkin, A. V., Kraut-Vass, A., et al., "NIST X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database," http://srdata.nist.gov/xps/(accessed on 30 Nov. 2006).
29. Morina, A., Green, J. H., Neville, A., and Priest, M., "Surface and Tribological Characteristics of Tribofilms Formed in the Boundary Lubrication Regime with Application to Internal Combustion Engines," Tribol. Lett., Vol. 15, No. 4, 2004, pp. 443-452.
30. Minfray, C., Martin, J. M., Esnouf, C., et al., "A Multi-Technique Approach of Tribofilm Characterization," Tribol. Lett., Vol. 447, No. 1, 2004, pp. 272-277.
31. Grossiord, C., Martin, J. M., and Mogne, T. L., "Friction-Reducing Mechanisms of Molybdenum Dithiocarbamate-Zinc Thiophosphate Combination: New Insights in Mos2 Genesis," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, Vol. 17, No. 3, 1999, pp. 884-890.
32. Minfray, C., Martin, J. M., Barros, M. I. D., et al., "Chemistry of ZDDP Tribofilm by Tof-Sims," Tribol. Lett., Vol. 17, No. 3, 2004, pp. 351-357.