Structural insights and functional implications of choline acetyltransferase

Journal of Structural Biology

Volumn 148, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 226-235

  Govindasamy, Lakshmanan ^a   Pedersen, Brenda ^a   Lian, Wei ^a   Kukar, Thomas ^a   Gu, Yunrong ^a   Jin, Shouguang ^a   Agbandje McKenna, Mavis ^a   Wu, Donghai ^a,b   McKenna, Robert ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

^b Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science   (China)

Author keywords

Acetylcholine; Choline acetyltransferase; Congenital myasthenic syndrome with episodic apnea; Neurotransmitter; X ray structure

Indexed keywords

ACETYL COENZYME A; ACETYLCHOLINE; CHOLINE; CHOLINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE; NEUROTRANSMITTER;

ARTICLE; BRAIN FUNCTION; CATALYSIS; CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; ENZYME KINETICS; GENE MUTATION; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ACETYLCHOLINE; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; BINDING SITES; CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; CATALYSIS; CHOLINE O-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; COENZYME A; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY; HUMANS; KINETICS; MICE; MODELS, CHEMICAL; MODELS, MOLECULAR; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MUTATION; PROTEIN CONFORMATION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE, TERTIARY; RATS; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY, AMINO ACID; SWINE; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 5144229238     PISSN: 10478477     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2004.06.005     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Aigner T.G., Mishkin M. The effects of physostigmine and scopolamine on recognition memory in monkeys. Behav. Neural Biol. 45:1986;81-87
2. Bartus R.T., Dean R.L. III, Beer B., Lippa A.S. The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction. Science. 217:1982;408-414
3. Brown N.F., Anderson R.C., Caplan S.L., Foster D.W., McGarry J.D. Catalytically important domains of rat carnitine palmitoyltransferase II as determined by site-directed mutagenesis and chemical modification. Evidence for a critical histidine residue. J. Biol. Chem. 269:1994;19157-19162
4. Brunger A.T. Extension of molecular replacement: a new search strategy based on Patterson correlation refinement. Acta Crystallogr. A. 46:1990;46-57
5. Brunger A.T. Free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures. Nature. 355:1992;472-475
6. Brunger A.T., Adams P.D., Clore G.M., DeLano W.L., Gros P., Grosse-Kunstleve R.W., Jiang J.S., Kuszewski J., Nilges M., Pannu N.S., Read R.J., Rice L.M., Simonson R., Warren G.L. Crystallography & NMR system. Acta Crystallogr. D. 54:1998;905-921
7. Carbini L., Rodriguez G., Hersh L.B. Kinetic and inactivation studies of recombinant Drosophila choline acetyltransferase. Brain Res. Bull. 24:1990;119-124
8. Carbini L.A., Hersh L.B. Functional analysis of conserved histidines in choline acetyltransferase by site-directed mutagenesis. J. Neurochem. 61:1993;247-253
9. Cronin C.N. The conserved serine-threonine-serine motif of the carnitine acyltransferases is involved in carnitine binding and transition-state stabilization: a site-directed mutagenesis study. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 238:1997;784-789
10. DeLano W.L., Brünger A.T. The direct rotation function: patterson correlation search applied to molecular replacement. Acta Crystallogr. D. 51:1995;740-748
11. Engel A.G., Ohno K., Shen X.M., Sine S.M. Congenital myasthenic syndromes: multiple molecular targets at the neuromuscular junction. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 998:2003;138-160
12. Esnouf R.M. An extensively modified version of MolScript that includes greatly enhanced coloring capabilities. J. Mol. Graph. Model. 15:1997;132-134. (see also pp. 112-133)
13. Gouet P., Courcelle E., Stuart D.I., Metoz F. ESPript: analysis of multiple sequence alignments in PostScript. Bioinformatics. 15:1999;305-308
14. Govindasamy L., Kukar T., Lian W., Pedersen B., Gu Y., Agbandje-McKenna M., Jin S., McKenna R., Wu D. Structural and mutational characterization of L-carnitine binding to human carnitine acetyltransferase. J. Struct. Biol. 146:2004;416-424
15. Greenspan R.J., Finn J.A. Jr., Hall J.C. Acetylcholinesterase mutants in Drosophila and their effects on the structure and function of the central nervous system. J. Comp. Neurol. 189:1980;741-774
16. Hersh L.B., Nair R.V., Smith D.J. The reaction of choline acetyltransferase with sulfhydryl reagents. Methoxycarbonyl-CoA disulfide as an active site-directed reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 254:1979;11988-11992
17. Jogl G., Tong L. Crystal structure of carnitine acetyltransferase and implications for the catalytic mechanism and fatty acid transport. Cell. 112:2003;113-122
18. Jones T.A., Zou J.Y., Cowan S.W., Kjeldgaard Improved methods for building protein models in electron density maps and the location of errors in these models. Acta Crystallogr. A. 47(Pt 2):1991;110-119
19. Karczmar A.G. Brief presentation of the story and present status of studies of the vertebrate cholinergic system. Neuropsychopharmacology. 9:1993;181-199
20. Kleywegt G.J., Jones T.A. Databases in protein crystallography. Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. 54:1998;1119-1131
21. Laskowski R.A., MacArthur M.W., Moss D.S., Thornton J.M. PROCHECK: a program to check the stereochemical quality of protein structures. J. Appl. Cryst. 26:1993;283-291
22. Leslie A.G., Moody P.C., Shaw W.V. Structure of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase at 1.75-. Å resolution Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85:1988;4133-4137
23. Lian W., Gu Y., Pedersen B., Kukar T., Govindasamy L., Agbandje-McKenna M., Jin S., McKenna R., Wu D. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies on recombinant rat choline acetyltransferase. Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. 60:2004;374-375
24. Loewi O. Pflugers Arch. 189:1921;239-242
25. Malthe-Sorenssen D. Choline acetyltransferase - evidence for acetyl transfer by a histidine residue. J. Neurochem. 27:1976;873-881
26. Maselli R.A., Chen D., Mo D., Bowe C., Fenton G., Wollmann R.L. Choline acetyltransferase mutations in myasthenic syndrome due to deficient acetylcholine resynthesis. Muscle Nerve. 27:2003;180-187
27. Mattevi A., Obmolova G., Kalk K.H., Teplyakov A., Hol W.G. Crystallographic analysis of substrate binding and catalysis in dihydrolipoyl transacetylase (E2p). Biochemistry. 32:1993;3887-3901
28. Matthews B.W. Solvent content of protein crystals. J. Mol. Biol. 33:1968;491-497
29. Mautner H.G., Pakula A.A., Merrill R.E. Evidence for presence of an arginine residue in the coenzyme A binding site of choline acetyltransferase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 78:1981;7449-7452
30. McGarry J.D., Brown N.F. The mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase system. From concept to molecular analysis. Eur. J. Biochem. 244:1997;1-14
31. Merritt E.A., Bacon D.J. Raster3D photorealistic molecular graphics. Methods Enzymol. 277:1997;505-524
32. Morillas M., Gomez-Puertas P., Roca R., Serra D., Asins G., Valencia A., Hegardt F.G. Structural model of the catalytic core of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I and carnitine octanoyltransferase (COT): mutation of CPT I histidine 473 and alanine 381 and COT alanine 238 impairs the catalytic activity. J. Biol. Chem. 276:2001;45001-45008
33. Morris G.M., Goodsell D.S., Halliday R.S., Huey R., Hart W.E., Belew R.K., Olson A.J. Automated docking using a lamarckian genetic algorithm and and empirical binding free energy function. J. Comput. Chem. 19:1998;1639-1662
34. Murshudov G.N., Vagin A.A., Lebedev A., Wilson K.S., Dodson E.J. Efficient anisotropic refinement of macromolecular structures using FFT. Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. 55(Pt1):1999;247-255
35. Oda Y. Choline acetyltransferase: the structure, distribution and pathologic changes in the central nervous system. Pathol. Int. 49:1999;921-937
36. Ohno K., Tsujino A., Brengman J.M., Harper C.M., Bajzer Z., Udd B., Beyring R., Robb S., Kirkham F.J., Engel A.G. Choline acetyltransferase mutations cause myasthenic syndrome associated with episodic apnea in humans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 98:2001;2017-2022
37. Otwinowski Z., Minor W. Processing of X-ray diffracting data collected in oscillation mode. Methods in Enzymology. 276:1997;307-326
38. Ramsay R.R., Gandour R.D., van der Leij F.R. Molecular enzymology of carnitine transfer and transport. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1546:2001;21-43
39. Roskoski R. Jr. Choline acetyltransferase. Inhibition by thiol reagents. J. Biol. Chem. 249:1974;2156-2159
40. Roskoski R. Jr. Choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase: evidence for essential histidine residues. Biochemistry. 13:1974;5141-5144
41. Roskoski R. Jr., Lim C.T., Roskoski L.M. Human brain and placental choline acetyltransferase: purification and properties. Biochemistry. 14:1975;5105-5110
42. Rossmann M.G. The molecular replacement method. Acta Crystallogr. A. 46(Pt 2):1990;73-82
43. Schmidt C., Abicht A., Krampfl K., Voss W., Stucka R., Mildner G., Petrova S., Schara U., Mortier W., Bufler J., Huebner A., Lochmuller H. Congenital myasthenic syndrome due to a novel missense mutation in the gene encoding choline acetyltransferase. Neuromuscul. Disord. 13:2003;245-251
44. Thompson J.D., Higgins D.G., Gibson T.J. CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res. 22:1994;4673-4680
45. Tong L., Rossmann M.G. Rotation function calculations with GLRF program. Methods Enzymol. 276:1997;594-611
46. Wang W., Kitamoto T., Salvaterra P.M. Drosophila choline acetyltransferase temperature-sensitive mutants. Neurochem. Res. 24:1999;1081-1087
47. Wu D., Hersh L.B. Identification of an active site arginine in rat choline acetyltransferase by alanine scanning mutagenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 270:1995;29111-29116
48. Wu D., Govindasamy L., Lian W., Gu Y., Kukar T., Agbandje-McKenna M., McKenna R. Structure of human carnitine acetyltransferase. Molecular basis for fatty acyl transfer. J. Biol. Chem. 278:2003;13159-13165