Reducing added sugar intake in Norway by replacing sugar sweetened beverages with beverages containing intense sweeteners - A risk benefit assessment

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Volumn 46, Issue 9, 2008, Pages 3099-3105

  Husoy T ^b   Mangschou, B ^a   Fotland, T O ^a   Kolset, S O ^c   Notvik Jakobsen H ^e   Tommerberg I ^d   Bergsten, C ^d   Alexander, J ^b   Frost Andersen, L ^c  

^a Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety   (Norway)

^b NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (Norway)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^d Norwegian Food Safety Authority   (Norway)

^e Elverum Tannklinikk ^*  (Norway)

Author keywords

Added sugar; Benzoic acid; Beverages; Intense sweeteners

Indexed keywords

ACESULFAME; BENZOIC ACID; FOOD ADDITIVE; SWEETENING AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; BEVERAGE; CHILD; FOOD SAFETY; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; NORWAY; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; SUGAR INTAKE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; ASPARTAME; BENZOIC ACID; BEVERAGES; CARBOHYDRATES; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; ENERGY INTAKE; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NORWAY; NUTRITION SURVEYS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEX FACTORS; SWEETENING AGENTS; THIAZINES;

EID: 50549087527     PISSN: 02786915     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.06.013     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Abdo K.M., Wenk M.L., Harry G.J., Mahler J., Goehl T.J., and Irwin R.D. Glycine modulates the toxicity of benzyl acetate in F344 rats. Toxicol. Pathol. 26 (1998) 395-402
2. American Dietetic Association. Position of the American Dietetic Association: use of nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners. J. Am. Dietetic Assoc. 104 (2004) 255-275
3. Andersen L.F., Solvoll K., Johansson L.R., Salminen I., Aro A., and Drevon C.A. Evaluation of a food frequency questionnaire with weighed records, fatty acids, and alpha-tocopherol in adipose tissue and serum. Am. J. Epidemiol. 150 (1999) 75-87
4. Andersen L.F., Lande B., Arsky G.H., and Trygg K. Validation of a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire used among 12-month-old Norwegian infants. Eur. J Clin. Nutr. 57 (2003) 881-888
5. Andersen L.F., Pollestad M.L., Jacobs Jr. D.R., Lovo A., and Hustvedt B.E. Validation of a pre-coded food diary used among 13-year-olds: comparison of energy intake with energy expenditure. Public Health Nutr. 8 (2005) 1315-1321
6. Bergsten, C., 1998. Inntak av kunstige søtstoffer acesulfam K, aspartam, cyklamat og sakkarin. In: Statens næringsmiddeltilsyn.
7. Bergsten, C., 2000. Intakes of preservatives in Norway. Benzoic acid and sorbic acid. In: Statens Næringsmiddeltilsyn.
8. Berkey C.S., Rockett H.R., Field A.E., Gillman M.W., and Colditz G.A. Sugar-added beverages and adolescent weight change. Obes. Res. 12 (2004) 778-788
9. Bes-Rastrollo M., Sanchez-Villegas A., Gomez-Gracia E., Martinez J.A., Pajares R.M., and Martinez-Gonzalez M.A. Predictors of weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort: the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra Study 1. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 83 (2006) 362-370
10. Blackburn G.L., Kanders B.S., Lavin P.T., Keller S.D., and Whatley J. The effect of aspartame as part of a multidisciplinary weight-control program on short- and long-term control of body weight. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 65 (1997) 409-418
11. Dhingra R., Sullivan L., Jacques P.F., Wang T.J., Fox C.S., Meigs J.B., D'Agostino R.B., Gaziano J.M., and Vasan R.S. Soft drink consumption and risk of developing cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged adults in the community. Circulation 116 (2007) 480-488
12. Drøpping, O.F., 2003. Inntak av kunstig søtstoff hjå barn og unge med type 1 diabetes. Ein forstudie. SNT Arbeidsrapport 5.
13. Ebbeling C.B., Feldman H.A., Osganian S.K., Chomitz V.R., Ellenbogen S.J., and Ludwig D.S. Effects of decreasing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption on body weight in adolescents: a randomized, controlled pilot study. Pediatrics 117 (2006) 673-680
14. FSA, 2003. Diary survey of the intake of intense sweeteners by young children from soft drinks. Food Standard Agency.
15. FSANZ, 2005. Consumption of intense sweeteners in Australia and New Zealand - Roy Morgan Research Report, Canberra. In: Food Standards Australia New Zealand (Ed.).
16. James J., Thomas P., Cavan D., and Kerr D. Preventing childhood obesity by reducing consumption of carbonated drinks: cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ 328 (2004) 1237
17. JECFA, 1999. Safety evaluation of certain food additives: Evaluation of national assessments of intake of benzoates. WHO Food Additives series No. 42.
18. Johansson, L., Solvoll, K., 1999. Norkost 1997. Landsomfattende kostholdsundersøkelse blandt menn og kvinner i alderen 16-79 år. In: The National Council on Nutrition and Physical Activity, IS-0168.
19. Kanders B.S., Lavin P.T., Kowalchuk M.B., Greenberg I., and Blackburn G.L. An evaluation of the effect of aspartame on weight loss. Appetite 11 1 (1988) 73-84
20. Lande, B., Andersen, L.F., 2005a. Kosthold blandt 2-åringer. Landsomfattende kostholdsundersøkelse - Småbarnskost. In: Directorate for Health and Social Affairs, IS-1299.
21. Lande, B., Andersen, L.F., 2005b. Spekost 12 måneder. Landsomfattende kostholdsundersøkelse blandt spebarn i Norge. In: Directorate for Health and Social Affairs, IS-1248.
22. Leth T., Fabricius N., and Fagt S. Estimated intake of intense sweeteners from non-alcoholic beverages in Denmark. Food Addit. Contam. 24 (2007) 227-235
23. Lillegaard I.T., and Andersen L.F. Validation of a pre-coded food diary with energy expenditure, comparison of under-reporters vs. acceptable reporters. Br. J. Nutr. 94 (2005) 998-1003
24. Lillegaard I.T., Loken E.B., and Andersen L.F. Relative validation of a pre-coded food diary among children, under-reporting varies with reporting day and time of the day. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 61 (2007) 61-68
25. Ludwig D.S., Peterson K.E., and Gortmaker S.L. Relation between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and childhood obesity: a prospective, observational analysis. Lancet 357 (2001) 505-508
26. Malik V.S., Schulze M.B., and Hu F.B. Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: a systematic review. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 84 (2006) 274-288
27. Montonen J., Jarvinen R., Knekt P., Heliovaara M., and Reunanen A. Consumption of sweetened beverages and intakes of fructose and glucose predict type 2 diabetes occurrence. J. Nutr. 137 (2007) 1447-1454
28. Nielsen J.B., Nielsen F., and Sorensen J.A. Defense against dermal exposures is only skin deep: significantly increased penetration through slightly damaged skin. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 299 (2007) 423-431
29. Nordic Nutrition Recommendations, 2004. Integrating nutrition and physical activity. In: Nord 2004:13, Copenhagen.
30. Øverby, N.C., Andersen, L.F., 2002. Ungkost 2000. Landsomfattende kostholdsundersøkelse blandt elever i 4.- og 8. klasse i Norge. In: Directorate for Health and Social Affairs, IS-1019.
31. Phillips S.M., Bandini L.G., Naumova E.N., Cyr H., Colclough S., Dietz W.H., and Must A. Energy-dense snack food intake in adolescence: longitudinal relationship to weight and fatness. Obes. Res. 12 (2004) 461-472
32. Pollestad, M.L., Øverby, N.C., Andersen, L.F., 2002. Ungkost 2000. Kosthold blandt 4-åringer. Landsomfattende kostholdsundersøkelse. In: Directorate for Health and Social Affairs, IS-1067.
33. Porikos K.P., Hesser M.F., and van Itallie T.B. Caloric regulation in normal-weight men maintained on a palatable diet of conventional foods. Physiol. Behav. 29 (1982) 293-300
34. Raben A., Vasilaras T.H., Moller A.C., and Astrup A. Sucrose compared with artificial sweeteners: different effects on ad libitum food intake and body weight after 10 wk of supplementation in overweight subjects. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 76 (2002) 721-729
35. Rimestad A.H., Løken E.B., and Nordbotten A. The Norwegian food composition table and database for nutrient calculations at the Institute for Nutrition Research. Norwegian J. Epidemiol. 10 (2000) 7-16
36. SCF, 2002a. Opinion of the Scientific Committee for Food on Benzoic acid and its salts.
37. SCF, 2002b. Opinion of the Scientific Committee for Food on Benzoyl alcohol, SCF.
38. Schulze M.B., Manson J.E., Ludwig D.S., Colditz G.A., Stampfer M.J., Willett W.C., and Hu F.B. Sugar-sweetened beverages, weight gain, and incidence of type 2 diabetes in young and middle-aged women. JAMA 292 (2004) 927-934
39. Tordoff M.G., and Alleva A.M. Effect of drinking soda sweetened with aspartame or high-fructose corn syrup on food intake and body weight. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 51 (1990) 963-969
40. van Rooij-van den Bos, L., Konings, E.J.M., van Hamersveld, I.C.M., van der Wielen, J., Kooijman, M., 2004. Onderzoek naar de kunstmatige zoetstoffen Sacharine, Aspartaam, Acesulfaam-K en Cyclamaat in levensmiddelen. Gehaltebepaling en inname door de Nederlandsepopulatie.
41. WHO, 2003. Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases. In: WHO Technical Report Series, Geneva, Switzerland.