Two cases of multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus infection treated with atazanavir and lopinavir/ritonavir combination therapy

Journal of Korean Medical Science

Volumn 23, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 737-739

  Choi, Heekyoung ^a   Su, Jin Jeong ^a   Han, Sung Lee ^a   Bum, Sik Chin ^a   Suk, Hoon Choi ^a   Sang, Hoon Han ^a   Myung, Soo Kim ^a   Chang, Oh Kim ^a   Jun, Yong Choi ^a   Young, Goo Song ^a   June, Myung Kim ^a  

^a Yonsei University College of Medicine   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Atazanavir; Double boosted protease inhibitor therapy; HIV infections; Lopinavir; Salvage therapy

Indexed keywords

ATAZANAVIR; LOPINAVIR; OLIGOPEPTIDE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; PYRIDINE DERIVATIVE; PYRIMIDINONE DERIVATIVE; RITONAVIR;

ADULT; ARTICLE; DRUG COMBINATION; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MALE; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE;

ADULT; DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE, VIRAL; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV PROTEASE INHIBITORS; HUMANS; MALE; OLIGOPEPTIDES; PYRIDINES; PYRIMIDINONES; RITONAVIR;

EID: 50449100323     PISSN: 10118934     EISSN: 15986357     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2008.23.4.737     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. Palella FJ Jr, Delaney KM, Moorman AC, Loveless MO, Fuhrer J, Satten GA, Aschman DJ, Holmberg SD. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 853-60.
2. Loutfy MR, Walmsley SL. Salvage antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2002; 3: 81-90.
3. Gallant JE. Protease-inhibitor boosting in the treatment-experienced patient. AIDS Rev 2004; 6: 226-33.
4. Ribera E, Azuaje C, Lopez RM, Diaz M, Feijoo M, Pou L, Crespo M, Curran A, Ocana I, Pahissa A. Atazanavir and lopinavir/ritonavir: pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of a promising double-boosted protease inhibitor regimen. AIDS 2006; 20: 1131-9.
5. Boffito M, Maitland D, Samarasinghe Y, Pozniak A. The pharmacokinetics of HIV protease inhibitor combinations. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2005; 18: 1-7.
6. Gilliam BL, Chan-Tack KM, Qaqish RB, Rode RA, Fantry LE, Redfield RR. Successful treatment with atazanavir and lopinavir/ritonavir combination therapy in protease inhibitor-susceptible and protease inhibitor-resistant HIV-infected patients. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2006; 20: 745-59.
7. Moyle GJ, Back D. Principles and practice of HIV-protease inhibitor pharmacoenahancement. HIV Med 2001; 2: 105-13.
8. Temesgen Z, Cainelli F, Poeschla EM, Vlahakis SA, Vento S. Approach to salvage antiretroviral therapy in heavily antiretroviral-experienced HIV-positive adults. Lancet Infect Dis 2006; 6: 496-507.
9. De Luca A, Baldini F, Cingolani A, Di Giambenedetto S, Hoetelmans RM, Cauda R. Deep salvage with amprenavir and lopinavir/ritonavir: correlation of pharmacokinetics and drug resistance with pharmacodynamics. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2004; 35: 359-66.
10. Taburet AM, Raguin G, Le Tiec C, Droz C, Barrail A, Vincent I, Morand-Joubert L, Chene G, Clavel F, Girard PM. Interactions between amprenavir and the lopinavir-ritonavir combination in heavily pretreated patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004; 75: 310-23.
11. Kashuba AD, Tierney C, Downey GF, Acosta EP, Vergis EN, Klingman K, Mellors JW, Eshleman SH, Scott TR, Collier AC. Combining fosamprenavir with lopinavir/ritonavir substantially reduces amprenavir and lopinavir exposure: ACTG protocol A5143 results. AIDS 2005; 19: 145-52.
12. Khanlou H, Graham E, Brill M, Farthing C. Drug interaction between amprenavir and lopinavir/ritonavir in salvage therapy. AIDS 2002; 16: 797-8.
13. Mauss S, Scholten S, Wolf E, Berger F, Schmutz G, Jaeger H, Kurowski M, Rockstroh JK. A prospective, controlled study assessing the effect of lopinavir on amprenavir concentrations boosted by ritonavir. HIV Med 2004; 5: 15-7.
14. Ribera E, Lopez RM, Diaz M, Pou L, Ruiz L, Falco V, Crespo M, Azuaje C, Ruiz I, Ocana I, Clotet B, Pahissa A. Steady-state pharmacokinetics of a double-boosting regimen of saquinavir soft gel plus lopinavir plus minidose ritonavir in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004; 48: 4256-62.
15. Stephan C, Hentig N, Kourbeti I, Dauer B, Mosch M, Lutz T, Klauke S, Harder S, Kurowski M, Staszewski S. Saquinavir drug exposure is not impaired by the boosted double protease inhibitor combination of lopinavir/ritonavir. AIDS 2004; 18: 503-8.
16. Boffito M, Kurowski M, Kruse G, Hill A, Benzie AA, Nelson MR, Moyle GJ, Gazzard BG, Pozniak AL. Atazanavir enhances saquinavir hard-gel concentrations in a ritonavir-boosted once-daily regimen. AIDS 2004; 18: 1291-7.
17. Staszewski S, Babacan E, Stephan C, Haberl A, Carlebach A, Gute P, Klauke S, Hermschulte Y, Stuermer M, Dauer B; Frankfurt HIV Cohort. The LOPSAQ study: 48 week analysis of a boosted double protease inhibitor regimen containing lopinavir/ritonavir plus saquinavir without additional antiretroviral therapy. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006; 58: 1024-30.