-
1
-
-
0027319360
-
Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in the population of four municipalities in eastern Finland
-
Jokinen C, Heiskanen L, Juvonen H, et al. Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in the population of four municipalities in eastern Finland. Am J Epidemiol 1993; 137: 977-88
-
(1993)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.137
, pp. 977-988
-
-
Jokinen, C.1
Heiskanen, L.2
Juvonen, H.3
-
2
-
-
33344461525
-
Ambulatory care visits to physician offices, hospital outpatient departments, and emergency departments: United States, 2001-02
-
Schappert SM, Burt CW. Ambulatory care visits to physician offices, hospital outpatient departments, and emergency departments: United States, 2001-02. Vital Health Stat 2006; 13: 1-66
-
(2006)
Vital Health Stat
, vol.13
, pp. 1-66
-
-
Schappert, S.M.1
Burt, C.W.2
-
3
-
-
50249105656
-
-
National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2006, with chartbook on trends in the health of Americans [online]. Available from URL: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus06.pdf [Accessed 2007 Nov 7]
-
National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2006, with chartbook on trends in the health of Americans [online]. Available from URL: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus06.pdf [Accessed 2007 Nov 7]
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
0031012761
-
A prediction rule to identify low-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia
-
Fine MJ, Auble TE, Yealy DM, et al. A prediction rule to identify low-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 243-50
-
(1997)
N Engl J Med
, vol.336
, pp. 243-250
-
-
Fine, M.J.1
Auble, T.E.2
Yealy, D.M.3
-
5
-
-
0038554228
-
Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: An international derivation and validation study
-
Lim WS, van der Eerden MM, Laing R, et al. Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: an international derivation and validation study. Thorax 2003; 58: 377-82
-
(2003)
Thorax
, vol.58
, pp. 377-382
-
-
Lim, W.S.1
van der Eerden, M.M.2
Laing, R.3
-
6
-
-
0030872995
-
Community-acquired pneumonia: The annual cost to the National Health Service in the UK
-
Guest JF, Morris A. Community-acquired pneumonia: the annual cost to the National Health Service in the UK. Eur Respir J 1997; 10: 1530-4
-
(1997)
Eur Respir J
, vol.10
, pp. 1530-1534
-
-
Guest, J.F.1
Morris, A.2
-
7
-
-
0034959819
-
Guidelines for the management of adults with community-acquired pneumonia: Diagnosis, assessment of severity, antimicrobial therapy, and prevention
-
Niederman MS, Mandell LA, Anzueto A, et al. Guidelines for the management of adults with community-acquired pneumonia: diagnosis, assessment of severity, antimicrobial therapy, and prevention. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163: 1730-54
-
(2001)
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
, vol.163
, pp. 1730-1754
-
-
Niederman, M.S.1
Mandell, L.A.2
Anzueto, A.3
-
8
-
-
0031693610
-
The cost of treating community-acquired pneumonia
-
Niederman MS, McCombs JS, Unger AN, et al. The cost of treating community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Ther 1998; 20: 820-37
-
(1998)
Clin Ther
, vol.20
, pp. 820-837
-
-
Niederman, M.S.1
McCombs, J.S.2
Unger, A.N.3
-
9
-
-
33845589493
-
Effectiveness of early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics in severe community acquired pneumonia: Multicentre randomised trial
-
Oosterheert JJ, Bonten MJ, Schneider MM, et al. Effectiveness of early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics in severe community acquired pneumonia: multicentre randomised trial. BMJ 2006; 333: 1193-5
-
(2006)
BMJ
, vol.333
, pp. 1193-1195
-
-
Oosterheert, J.J.1
Bonten, M.J.2
Schneider, M.M.3
-
10
-
-
0033536913
-
Early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics and early hospital discharge: A prospective observational study of 200 consecutive patients with community-acquired pneumonia
-
Ramirez JA, Vargas S, Ritter GW, et al. Early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics and early hospital discharge: a prospective observational study of 200 consecutive patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 2449-54
-
(1999)
Arch Intern Med
, vol.159
, pp. 2449-2454
-
-
Ramirez, J.A.1
Vargas, S.2
Ritter, G.W.3
-
11
-
-
34548172901
-
Efficacy of short-course antibiotic regimens for community-acquired pneumonia: A meta-analysis
-
Li JZ, Winston LG, Moore DH, et al. Efficacy of short-course antibiotic regimens for community-acquired pneumonia: a meta-analysis. Am J Med 2007; 120: 783-90
-
(2007)
Am J Med
, vol.120
, pp. 783-790
-
-
Li, J.Z.1
Winston, L.G.2
Moore, D.H.3
-
12
-
-
13644281331
-
Tissue-directed pharmacokinetics
-
Schentag JJ, Ballow CH. Tissue-directed pharmacokinetics. Am J Med 1991; 91: 5-11S
-
(1991)
Am J Med
, vol.91
-
-
Schentag, J.J.1
Ballow, C.H.2
-
13
-
-
0141676184
-
High-dose, short-course levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia: A new treatment paradigm
-
Dunbar LM, Wunderink RG, Habib MP, et al. High-dose, short-course levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia: a new treatment paradigm. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37: 752-60
-
(2003)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.37
, pp. 752-760
-
-
Dunbar, L.M.1
Wunderink, R.G.2
Habib, M.P.3
-
14
-
-
0029983193
-
The importance of quality of primary studies in producing unbiased systematic reviews
-
Khan KS, Daya S, Jadad A. The importance of quality of primary studies in producing unbiased systematic reviews. Arch Intern Med 1996; 156: 661-6
-
(1996)
Arch Intern Med
, vol.156
, pp. 661-666
-
-
Khan, K.S.1
Daya, S.2
Jadad, A.3
-
15
-
-
0029889927
-
Assessing the quality of randomized controlled trials: Current issues and future directions
-
Moher D, Jadad AR, Tugwell P. Assessing the quality of randomized controlled trials: current issues and future directions. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 1996; 12: 195-208
-
(1996)
Int J Technol Assess Health Care
, vol.12
, pp. 195-208
-
-
Moher, D.1
Jadad, A.R.2
Tugwell, P.3
-
16
-
-
2942695870
-
Controlling the risk of spurious findings from meta-regression
-
Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Controlling the risk of spurious findings from meta-regression. Stat Med 2004; 23: 1663-82
-
(2004)
Stat Med
, vol.23
, pp. 1663-1682
-
-
Higgins, J.P.1
Thompson, S.G.2
-
17
-
-
33846279812
-
What is heterogeneity and is it important?
-
Fletcher J. What is heterogeneity and is it important? BMJ 2007; 334: 94-6
-
(2007)
BMJ
, vol.334
, pp. 94-96
-
-
Fletcher, J.1
-
18
-
-
84959801619
-
Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease
-
Mantel N, Haenszel W. Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J Natl Cancer Inst 1959; 22: 719-48
-
(1959)
J Natl Cancer Inst
, vol.22
, pp. 719-748
-
-
Mantel, N.1
Haenszel, W.2
-
20
-
-
34447556820
-
Gemifloxacin once daily for 5 days versus 7 days for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: A randomized, multicentre, double-blind study
-
File Jr TM, Mandell LA, Tillotson G, et al. Gemifloxacin once daily for 5 days versus 7 days for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: a randomized, multicentre, double-blind study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007; 60: 112-20
-
(2007)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.60
, pp. 112-120
-
-
File Jr, T.M.1
Mandell, L.A.2
Tillotson, G.3
-
21
-
-
33745008356
-
Effectiveness of discontinuing antibiotic treatment after three days versus eight days in mild to moderate-severe community acquired pneumonia: Randomised, double blind study
-
El Moussaoui R, de Borgie CA, van den Broek P, et al. Effectiveness of discontinuing antibiotic treatment after three days versus eight days in mild to moderate-severe community acquired pneumonia: randomised, double blind study. BMJ 2006; 332: 1355
-
(2006)
BMJ
, vol.332
, pp. 1355
-
-
El Moussaoui, R.1
de Borgie, C.A.2
van den Broek, P.3
-
22
-
-
1842454099
-
Three day versus five day treatment with amoxicillin for non-severe pneumonia in young children: A multicentre randomised controlled trial
-
Agarwal G, Awasthi S, Kabra SK, et al. Three day versus five day treatment with amoxicillin for non-severe pneumonia in young children: a multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2004; 328: 791
-
(2004)
BMJ
, vol.328
, pp. 791
-
-
Agarwal, G.1
Awasthi, S.2
Kabra, S.K.3
-
23
-
-
4444334000
-
Clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of 5 and 7 day regimens of telithromycin once daily compared with a 10 day regimen of clarithromycin twice daily in patients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia
-
Tellier G, Niederman MS, Nusrat R, et al. Clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of 5 and 7 day regimens of telithromycin once daily compared with a 10 day regimen of clarithromycin twice daily in patients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004; 54: 515-23
-
(2004)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.54
, pp. 515-523
-
-
Tellier, G.1
Niederman, M.S.2
Nusrat, R.3
-
24
-
-
0036317746
-
Efficacy of a ten day course of ceftriaxone compared to a shortened five day course in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults with risk factors
-
Leophonte P, Choutet P, Gaillat J, et al. Efficacy of a ten day course of ceftriaxone compared to a shortened five day course in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults with risk factors. Med Mal Infect 2002; 32: 369-81
-
(2002)
Med Mal Infect
, vol.32
, pp. 369-381
-
-
Leophonte, P.1
Choutet, P.2
Gaillat, J.3
-
25
-
-
0037077849
-
Clinical efficacy of 3 days versus 5 days of oral amoxicillin for treatment of childhood pneumonia: A multicentre double-blind trial
-
Pakistan Multicentre Amoxycillin Short Course Therapy (MASCOT) pneumonia study group
-
Pakistan Multicentre Amoxycillin Short Course Therapy (MASCOT) pneumonia study group. Clinical efficacy of 3 days versus 5 days of oral amoxicillin for treatment of childhood pneumonia: a multicentre double-blind trial. Lancet 2002; 360: 835-41
-
(2002)
Lancet
, vol.360
, pp. 835-841
-
-
-
26
-
-
0032783571
-
Comparison of 7 versus 10 days of antibiotic therapy for hospitalized patients with uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study
-
Siegel RE, Alicea M, Lee A, et al. Comparison of 7 versus 10 days of antibiotic therapy for hospitalized patients with uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Am J Ther 1999; 6: 217-22
-
(1999)
Am J Ther
, vol.6
, pp. 217-222
-
-
Siegel, R.E.1
Alicea, M.2
Lee, A.3
-
27
-
-
26944476232
-
Metaanalysis of short course antibiotic treatment for group a streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis
-
Casey JR, Pichichero ME. Metaanalysis of short course antibiotic treatment for group a streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2005; 24: 909-17
-
(2005)
Pediatr Infect Dis J
, vol.24
, pp. 909-917
-
-
Casey, J.R.1
Pichichero, M.E.2
-
28
-
-
0345283255
-
Comparison of 8 vs 15 days of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: A randomized trial
-
Chastre J, Wolff M, Fagon JY, et al. Comparison of 8 vs 15 days of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a randomized trial. JAMA 2003; 290: 2588-98
-
(2003)
JAMA
, vol.290
, pp. 2588-2598
-
-
Chastre, J.1
Wolff, M.2
Fagon, J.Y.3
-
29
-
-
0032478950
-
Treatment of acute otitis media with a shortened course of antibiotics: A meta-analysis
-
Kozyrskyj AL, Hildes-Ripstein GE, Longstaffe SE, et al. Treatment of acute otitis media with a shortened course of antibiotics: a meta-analysis. JAMA 1998; 279: 1736-42
-
(1998)
JAMA
, vol.279
, pp. 1736-1742
-
-
Kozyrskyj, A.L.1
Hildes-Ripstein, G.E.2
Longstaffe, S.E.3
-
30
-
-
0027389565
-
Follow-up protected specimen brushes to assess treatment in nosocomial pneumonia
-
Montravers P, Fagon JY, Chastre J, et al. Follow-up protected specimen brushes to assess treatment in nosocomial pneumonia. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 147: 38-44
-
(1993)
Am Rev Respir Dis
, vol.147
, pp. 38-44
-
-
Montravers, P.1
Fagon, J.Y.2
Chastre, J.3
-
31
-
-
0018731627
-
Length of antibiotic therapy in in-patients with primary pneumonias
-
Awunor-Renner C. Length of antibiotic therapy in in-patients with primary pneumonias. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1979; 73: 235-40
-
(1979)
Ann Trop Med Parasitol
, vol.73
, pp. 235-240
-
-
Awunor-Renner, C.1
-
32
-
-
33847155159
-
Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults
-
Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44 Suppl. 2: S27-72
-
(2007)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.44
, Issue.SUPPL. 2
-
-
Mandell, L.A.1
Wunderink, R.G.2
Anzueto, A.3
-
33
-
-
0032513753
-
Time to clinical stability in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia: Implications for practice guidelines
-
Halm EA, Fine MJ, Marrie TJ, et al. Time to clinical stability in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia: implications for practice guidelines. JAMA 1998; 279: 1452-7
-
(1998)
JAMA
, vol.279
, pp. 1452-1457
-
-
Halm, E.A.1
Fine, M.J.2
Marrie, T.J.3
-
34
-
-
0031666554
-
Time course of symptom resolution in patients with community-acquired pneumonia
-
Metlay JP, Atlas SJ, Borowsky LH, et al. Time course of symptom resolution in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Respir Med 1998; 92: 1137-42
-
(1998)
Respir Med
, vol.92
, pp. 1137-1142
-
-
Metlay, J.P.1
Atlas, S.J.2
Borowsky, L.H.3
-
35
-
-
10644246746
-
Reaching stability in community-acquired pneumonia: The effects of the severity of disease, treatment, and the characteristics of patients
-
Menendez R, Torres A, Rodriguez de CF, et al. Reaching stability in community-acquired pneumonia: the effects of the severity of disease, treatment, and the characteristics of patients. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39: 1783-90
-
(2004)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.39
, pp. 1783-1790
-
-
Menendez, R.1
Torres, A.2
Rodriguez de, C.F.3
-
36
-
-
4444242096
-
Clinical efficacy of newer agents in short-duration therapy for community-acquired pneumonia
-
File Jr TM. Clinical efficacy of newer agents in short-duration therapy for community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39 Suppl. 3: S159-64
-
(2004)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.39
, Issue.SUPPL. 3
-
-
File Jr, T.M.1
-
37
-
-
0033542045
-
Processes and outcomes of care for patients with community-acquired pneumonia: Results from the Pneumonia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) cohort study
-
Fine MJ, Stone RA, Singer DE, et al. Processes and outcomes of care for patients with community-acquired pneumonia: results from the Pneumonia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) cohort study. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 970-80
-
(1999)
Arch Intern Med
, vol.159
, pp. 970-980
-
-
Fine, M.J.1
Stone, R.A.2
Singer, D.E.3
-
38
-
-
0030000152
-
Pan-European survey of patients' attitudes to antibiotics and antibiotic use
-
Branthwaite A, Pechere JC. Pan-European survey of patients' attitudes to antibiotics and antibiotic use. J Int Med Res 1996; 24: 229-38
-
(1996)
J Int Med Res
, vol.24
, pp. 229-238
-
-
Branthwaite, A.1
Pechere, J.C.2
-
39
-
-
0032761309
-
Compliance of German pediatric patients with oral antibiotic therapy: Results of a nationwide survey
-
Hoppe JE, Blumenstock G, Grotz W, et al. Compliance of German pediatric patients with oral antibiotic therapy: results of a nationwide survey. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1999; 18: 1085-91
-
(1999)
Pediatr Infect Dis J
, vol.18
, pp. 1085-1091
-
-
Hoppe, J.E.1
Blumenstock, G.2
Grotz, W.3
-
40
-
-
0030810106
-
Antibiotic noncompliance and waste in upper respiratory infections and acute diarrhea
-
Reyes H, Guiscafre H, Munoz O, et al. Antibiotic noncompliance and waste in upper respiratory infections and acute diarrhea. J Clin Epidemiol 1997; 50: 1297-304
-
(1997)
J Clin Epidemiol
, vol.50
, pp. 1297-1304
-
-
Reyes, H.1
Guiscafre, H.2
Munoz, O.3
-
41
-
-
0035806619
-
Effect of short-course, high-dose amoxicillin therapy on resistant pneumococcal carriage: A randomized trial
-
Schrag SJ, Pena C, Fernandez J, et al. Effect of short-course, high-dose amoxicillin therapy on resistant pneumococcal carriage: a randomized trial. JAMA 2001; 286: 49-56
-
(2001)
JAMA
, vol.286
, pp. 49-56
-
-
Schrag, S.J.1
Pena, C.2
Fernandez, J.3
-
42
-
-
0032481410
-
Low dosage and long treatment duration of beta-lactam: Risk factors for carriage of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae
-
Guillemot D, Carbon C, Balkau B, et al. Low dosage and long treatment duration of beta-lactam: risk factors for carriage of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. JAMA 1998; 279: 365-70
-
(1998)
JAMA
, vol.279
, pp. 365-370
-
-
Guillemot, D.1
Carbon, C.2
Balkau, B.3
-
43
-
-
0005096309
-
-
online, Available from URL:, Accessed 2007 Nov 7
-
World Health Organization. Acute respiratory infections in children [online]. Available from URL: http://www.who.int/fch/depts/cah/resp_infections/ en/ [Accessed 2007 Nov 7]
-
Acute respiratory infections in children
-
-
-
44
-
-
0036584610
-
-
British Thoracic Society Guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in childhood. Thorax 2002; 57 Suppl. 1: i1-24
-
British Thoracic Society Guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in childhood. Thorax 2002; 57 Suppl. 1: i1-24
-
-
-
-
45
-
-
0037034267
-
Community-acquired pneumonia in children
-
McIntosh K. Community-acquired pneumonia in children. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 429-37
-
(2002)
N Engl J Med
, vol.346
, pp. 429-437
-
-
McIntosh, K.1
-
46
-
-
0022599626
-
Etiology of severe pneumonia in children in developing countries
-
Shann F. Etiology of severe pneumonia in children in developing countries. Pediatr Infect Dis 1986; 5: 247-52
-
(1986)
Pediatr Infect Dis
, vol.5
, pp. 247-252
-
-
Shann, F.1
-
47
-
-
0031748527
-
Respiratory syncytial virus infection in tropical and developing countries
-
Weber MW, Mulholland EK, Greenwood BM. Respiratory syncytial virus infection in tropical and developing countries. Trop Med Int Health 1998; 3: 268-80
-
(1998)
Trop Med Int Health
, vol.3
, pp. 268-280
-
-
Weber, M.W.1
Mulholland, E.K.2
Greenwood, B.M.3
|