Current concepts: Community-acquired pneumonia in children

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 346, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 429-437

  McIntosh, Kenneth ^a  

^a BOSTON CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN; AMPICILLIN; AZITHROMYCIN; CEFOTAXIME; CEFUROXIME; DOXYCYCLINE; ERYTHROMYCIN; GENTAMICIN; PNEUMOCOCCUS VACCINE; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; VACCINE;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; INFECTION RISK; PNEUMONIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; THORAX RADIOGRAPHY; ADOLESCENT; CHILD; COMMUNICABLE DISEASE; HUMAN; INFANT; MICROBIOLOGY; NEWBORN; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRESCHOOL CHILD;

ADOLESCENT; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINES; PNEUMONIA; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; VACCINES, CONJUGATE;

EID: 0037034267     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra011994     Document Type: Review

References (83)

1. Rates of pneumonia during influenza epidemics in Seattle, 1964 to 1975
2. Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in the population of four municipalities in eastern Finland
3. Pneumonia: An eleven-year study in a pediatric practice
4. Lower respiratory tract illness in the first two years of life: Epidemiologic patterns and costs in a suburban pediatric practice
5. The status of research in acute respiratory infections in children in Papua New Guinea
6. Selective primary health care: Strategies for control of disease in the developing world. XXI. Acute respiratory infections
7. The epidemiology of acute respiratory tract infection in young children: Comparison of findings from several developing countries
8. Acute respiratory infections: A review
9. Causes of childhood deaths in Bangladesh: Results of a nationwide verbal autopsy study
10. Clinical management of acute respiratory infections in children: A WHO memorandum
11. Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in 254 hospitalized children
12. A new respiratory tract pathogen: Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR
13. Atypical pneumonias in children
14. Chlamydia pneumoniae is an important cause of community-acquired pneumonia in school-aged children: Serological results of a prospective, population-based study
15. Etiology and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in ambulatory children
16. Seroepidemiology of Chlamydia pneumoniae TWAR infection in Seattle families, 1966-1979
17. Infant pneumonitis associated with cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia, Pneumocystis, and Ureaplasma: A prospective study
18. Bacteriologic and clinical findings in acute pneumonia of childhood
19. Aetiology of pneumonia in children in Goroka Hospital, Papua New Guinea
20. Acute pneumonia in Zimbabwe: Bacterial isolates by lung aspiration
21. The etiology of lobar pneumonia in the Gambia
22. Lung puncture in the etiological diagnosis of pneumonia: A study of 543 infants and children
23. Diagnostic lung puncture in the pneumonias of infants and children
24. Lung tap in childhood: Bacteria, viruses, and mycoplasmas in acute lower respiratory tract infections
25. Bacterial isolates from blood and lung aspirate cultures in Gambian children with lobar pneumonia
26. Etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in Gambian children. II. Acute lower respiratory tract infection in children ages one to nine years presenting at the hospital
27. Parapneumonic effusions and empyema in hospitalized children: A retrospective review of 227 cases
28. Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children based on antibody responses to bacterial and viral antigens
29. Etiology of childhood pneumonia: Serologic results of a prospective, population-based study
30. Aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children treated in hospital
31. Pneumococcal pneumonia diagnosis by demonstration of pneumolysin antibodies in precipitated immune complexes: A study in 350 Philippine children with acute lower respiratory infection
32. The causes of hospital-treated acute lower respiratory tract infection in children
33. Pneumolysin PCR-based diagnosis of invasive pneumococcal infection in children
34. Pneumonia in pediatric outpatients: Cause and clinical manifestations
35. Use of bacterial antigen detection in the diagnosis of pediatric lower respiratory tract infections
36. Pathogens associated with acute lower respiratory tract infection in young children
37. Etiology and response to antibiotic therapy of community-acquired pneumonia in French children
38. Problems in determining the etiology of community-acquired childhood pneumonia
39. Bacterial coinfection in children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infections
40. Risk of secondary bacterial infection in infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection
41. Efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children
42. Efficacy ofpneumococcal conjugate vaccines in large scale field trials
43. Etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in Gambian children. I. Acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants presenting at the hospital
44. Accuracy of radiographic differentiation of bacterial from nonbacterial pneumonia
45. Radiographic findings and etiologic diagnosis in ambulatory childhood pneumonias
46. Differential diagnosis of viral, mycoplasmal and bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonias on admission to hospital
47. Comparison of radiological findings and microbial aetiology of childhood pneumonia
48. Pneumonia in infants and children: Radiological-pathological correlation
49. Pneumonia in children and some of its variants
50. Mycoplasmal pneumonias in childhood: Roentgen features, differential diagnosis and review of literature
51. Roentgenographic features of common pediatric viral respiratory tract infections
52. Chlamydia pneumonia in infants: Radiography in 125 cases
53. Bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia in children
54. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cell count and serum C-reactive protein in assessing etiologic diagnosis of acute lower respiratory infections in children
55. Value of the C-reactive protein test in the differentiation of bacterial and viral pneumonia
56. C-reactive protein in viral and bacterial respiratory infection in children
57. White blood cells, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in pneumococcal pneumonia in children
58. White blood cell and differential counts in acute respiratory viral and bacterial infections in children
59. Guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults admitted to hospital
60. Guidelines for the initial management of adults with community-acquired pneumonia: Diagnosis, assessment of severity, and initial antimicrobial therapy
61. Practice guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults
62. A practical guide for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric pneumonia
63. Management of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in hospitalized children
64. Therapy for children with invasive pneumococcal infections
65. The management of pneumonia in children in developing countries
66. Acute uncomplicated neumonia
67. Respiratory-tract colonization and a distinctive pneumonia syndrome in infants infected with Chlamydia trachomatis
68. Chlamydia trachomatis infant pneumonitis: Comparison with matched controls and other infant pneumonitis
69. Prospective comparative study of viral, bacterial and atypical organisms identified in pneumonia and bronchiolitis in hospitalized Canadian infants
70. Clinical characteristics of the afebrile pneumonia associated with Chlamydia trachomatisinfection in infants less than 6 months of age
71. Viral and mycoplasmal pneumonia in a prepaid medical care group during an eight-year period
72. Occult pneumonias: Empiric chest radiographs in febrile children with leukocytosis
73. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological information in the diagnosis of pneumonia in children
74. Correlation of pulmonary signs and symptoms with chest radiographs in the pediatric age group
75. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia: Comparative efficacy and safety of clarithromycin vs. erythromycin ethylsuccinate
76. Complicated parapneumonic effusions in children caused by penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae
77. Increase in community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in children
78. Resistance to penicillin and cephalosporin and mortality from severe pneumococcal pneumonia in Barcelona, Spain
79. Comparison of the response to antimicrobial therapy of penicillin-resistant and penicillin-susceptible pneumococcal disease
80. Clinical outcome of invasive infections by penicillin-resistant Streptococcuspneumoniae in Korean children
81. Efficacy of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against acute otitis media
82. Meta-analysis of intervention trials on case-management of pneumonia in community settings