Effectiveness of foot orthoses for treatment and prevention of lower limb injuries: A review

Sports Medicine

Volumn 38, Issue 9, 2008, Pages 759-779

  Hume, Patria ^a   Hopkins, Will ^a   Rome, Keith ^a   Maulder, Peter ^a   Coyle, Greg ^b   Nigg, Benno ^c  

^a AUCKLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (New Zealand)

^b Tertiary Education Commission   (New Zealand)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Devices; Fasciitis; Foot disorders; Sports injuries; Stress fracture

Indexed keywords

NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT;

FOOT ORTHOSIS; HAZARD RATIO; HEEL PAIN; HUMAN; PAIN; PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME; PLANTAR FASCIITIS; PLANTAR HEEL PAIN; REVIEW; TIBIA FRACTURE;

FOOT; HUMANS; LOWER EXTREMITY; ORTHOTIC DEVICES; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WOUNDS AND INJURIES;

EID: 49949089210     PISSN: 01121642     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00007256-200838090-00005     Document Type: Review

References (65)

1. Donatelli R. Abnormal biomechanics of the foot and ankle. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1987; 9 (1): 11-6
2. Crawford F, Thomson C. Interventions for treating plantar heel pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003; (3): CD000416
3. Collins N, Bisset L, McPoil TG, et al. Foot orthoses in lower limb overuse conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Foot Ankle Int 2007; 28 (3): 396-412
4. Landorf KB, Keenan A-M. Do foot orthoses prevent injury? Boston (MA): Blackwell Publishing, 2007
5. Irving DB, Cook JL, Menz HB. Factors associated with chronic plantar heel pain: a systematic review. J Sci Med Sport 2006; 9 (1-2): 11-22
6. Riddle DL, Pulisic M, Pidcoe P, et al. Risk factors for plantar fasciitis: a matched case-control study. J Bone Joint Surg 2003; 85A (5): 872-7
7. Rome K, Handoll HH, Ashford R. Interventions for preventing and treating stress fractures and stress reactions of bone of the lower limbs in young adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005; (2): CD000450
8. Ekenman I, Milgrom C, Finestone A, et al. The role of biomechanical shoe orthoses in tibial stress fracture prevention. Am J Sports Med 2002; 30 (6): 866-70
9. Finestone A, Giladi M, Elad H, et al. Prevention of stress fractures using custom biomechanical shoe orthoses. Clin Orthop 1999; 360: 182-90
10. Milgrom C, Giladi M, Kashtan H, et al. A prospective study of the effect of a shock-absorbing device on the incidence of stress fractures in military recruits. Foot Ankle 1985; 6 (2): 101-4
11. Finestone A, Novack V, Farfel A, et al. A prospective study of the effect of foot orthoses composition and fabrication on comfort and the incidence of overuse injuries. Foot Ankle Int 2004 Jul; 25 (7): 462-6
12. McPoil TG, Cornwall MW. Rigid versus soft foot orthoses: a single subject design. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1991 Dec; 81 (12): 638-42
13. Duddy RK, Duggan RJ, Visser HJ, et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of injuries to the lower leg and foot. Clin Sports Med 1989 Oct; 8 (4): 861-76
14. Witvrouw E, Werner S, Mikkelsen C, et al. Clinical classification of patellofemoral pain syndrome: guidelines for non-operative treatment. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2005; 13 (2): 122-30
15. Eng JJ, Pierrynowski MR. Evaluation of soft foot orthotics in the treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Phys Ther 1993 Feb; 73 (2): 62-70
16. Bizzini M, Childs JD, Piva SR, et al. Systematic review of the quality of randomized controlled trials for patellofemoral pain syndrome. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2003 Jan; 33 (1): 4-20
17. Fulkerson JP. Diagnosis and treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain. Am J Sports Med 2002; 30 (3): 447-56
18. Sutlive TG, Mitchell SD, Maxfield SN, et al. Identification of individuals with patellofemoral pain whose symptoms improved after a combined program of foot orthosis use and modified activity: a preliminary investigation. Phys Ther 2004; 84 (1): 49-61
19. D'Hondt NE., Struijs PA, Kerkhoffs GM, et al. Orthotic devices for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002; (2): CD002267
20. Eng JJ, Pierrynowski MR. The effect of soft foot orthotics on three-dimensional lower-limb kinematics during walking and running. Phys Ther 1994 Sep; 74 (9): 836-44
21. Heiderscheit B, Hamill J, Tiberio D. A biomechanical perspective: do foot orthoses work? Br J Sports Med 2001; 35 (1): 4-5
22. Nigg BM, Nurse MA, Stefanyshyn DJ. Shoe inserts and orthotics for sport and physical activities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Jul; 31 (7 Suppl.): S421-8
23. Krivickas LS. Anatomical factors associated with overuse sports injuries. Sports Med 1997 Aug; 24 (2): 132-46
24. Nigg BM, Stergiou P, Cole G, et al. Effect of shoe inserts on kinematics, center of pressure, and leg joint moments during running. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003 Feb; 35 (2): 314-9
25. Ball KA, Afheldt MJ. Evolution of foot orthotics: part 1. Coherent theory or coherent practice? J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2002 Feb; 25 (2): 116-24
26. Cochrane Collaboration. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. 4.2.5. Updated May 2005
27. McLauchlan GJ, Handoll HH. Interventions for treating acute and chronic tendonitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001; (2): CD000232
28. Ferrari J, Higgins JPT, Prior TD. Interventions for treating hallux valgus (abductovalgus) and bunions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004; (1): CD000964
29. Handoll HH, Rowe BH, Quinn KM, de Bie R. Interventions for preventing ankle ligament injuries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001; (3): CD000018
30. Yeung EW, Yeung SS. Interventions for preventing lower limb soft-tissue injuries in runners. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001; (3): CD001256
31. Kirby K. Foot and lower extremity biomechanics II: precision intricast newsletters 1997-2003. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2003; 93: 503
32. Rome K, Brown CL. Randomized clinical trial into the impact of rigid foot orthoses on balance parameters in excessively pronated feet. Clin Rehabil 2004 Sep; 18 (6): 624-30
33. Wu KK. Foot orthoses: principles and clinical applications. Baltimore (MD): Williams and Wilkins, 1990
34. Hawke F, Burns J, Radford JA, et al. Custom-made foot orthoses for the treatment of foot pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008; (3): CD006801
35. Root ML, Orien WP, Weed JH. Normal and abnormal functions of the foot. Los Angeles (CA): Clinical Biomechanics Corp., 1977
36. McPoil TG, Cornwall MW. Relationship between three static angles of the rearfoot and the pattern of rearfoot motion during walking. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1996; 23 (6): 370-5
37. Pierrynowski MR, Smith SB. Effect of patient position on the consistency of placing the rearfoot at subtalar neutral. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1997; 87: 399-406
38. McKenzie DC, Clement DB, Taunton JE. Running shoes, orthotics and injuries. Sports Med 1985 Sep-Oct; 2 (5): 334-47
39. Smith LS, Clarke TE, Hamill CL, et al. The effects of soft and semirigid orthoses upon rearfoot movement in running. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1986; 76: 227-31
40. Pagliano J. Management of the pronated and supinated foot. Med Sport Sci 1987; 23: 55-160
41. Malas B. Implementing outcome measurement in O & P education. J Prosthet Orthot 2002; 14 (2): 78-81
42. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale (NJ): Lawrence Erlbaum, 1988
43. Hopkins WG. A new view of statistics [online]. Available from URL: http://sportsci.org/resource/stats/effectmag.html [Accessed 2008 Jul 10]
44. Sterne JAC, Smith GD. Sifting the evidence: what's wrong with significance tests. BMJ 2001; 322: 226-31
45. Batterham AM, Hopkins WG. Making meaningful inferences about magnitudes. Sport Sci 2005; 9: 6-13
46. Winemiller MH, Billow RG, Laskowski ER, et al. Effect of magnetic vs sham-magnetic insoles on nonspecific foot pain in the workplace: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Mayo Clin Proc 2005 Sep; 80 (9): 1138-45
47. Schwellnus MP, Jordaan G, Noakes TD. Prevention of common overuse injuries by the use of shock absorbing insoles. Am J Sports Med 1990; 18 (6): 636-41
48. Andrish JT, Bergfeld JA, Walheim J. A prospective study on the management of shin splints. J Bone Joint Surg 1974; 56-A (8): 1697-700
49. Fauno P, Kalund S, Andreasen I, et al. Soreness in lower extremities and back is reduced by use of shock absorbing heel inserts. Int J Sports Med 1993; 14: 288-90
50. Gardner LI, Dziados JE, Jones BH, et al. Prevention of lower extremity stress fractures: a controlled trial of a shock absorbent insole. Am J Public Health 1988 Dec; 78 (12): 1563-7
51. Simkin A, Leichter I, Giladi M, et al. Combined effect of foot arch structure and an orthotic device on stress fractures. Foot Ankle 1989 Aug; 10 (1): 25-9
52. Esterman A, Pilotto L. Foot shape and its effect on functioning in Royal Australian Air Force recruits. Part 2: pilot, randomized, controlled trial of orthotics in recruits with flat feet. Mil Med 2005; 170 (7): 629-33
53. Gross MT, Byers JM, Krafft JL, et al. The impact of custom semirigid foot orthotics on pain and disability for individuals with plantar fasciitis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2002 Apr; 32 (4): 149-57
54. Landorf KB, Keenan AM, Herbert RD. Effectiveness of foot orthoses to treat plantar fasciitis: a randomized trial. Arch Int Med 2006 Jun 26; 166 (12): 1305-10
55. Pfeffer G, Bacchetti P, Deland J, et al. Comparison of custom and prefabricated orthoses in the initial treatment of proximal plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle Int 1999 Apr; 20 (4): 214-21
56. Lynch D, Goforth W, Martin J, et al. Conservative treatment of plantar fasciitis: a prospective study. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1998; 88 (8): 375-80
57. Martin JE, Hosch JC, Goforth WP, et al. Mechanical treatment of plantar fasciitis: a prospective study. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2001; 91 (2): 55-62
58. Johnston LB, Gross MT. Effects of foot orthoses on quality of life for individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2004; 34 (8): 440-8
59. Stell JF, Buckley JG. Controlling excessive pronation: a comparison of casted and non-casted orthoses. The Foot 1998 12; 8 (4): 210-4
60. Seligman DA, Dawson DR. Customized heel pads and soft orthotics to treat heel pain and plantar fasciitis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2003 Oct; 84 (10): 1564-7
61. Saxena A, Haddad J. The effect of foot orthoses on patellofemoral pain syndrome. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2003; 93 (4): 264-71
62. Larsen K, Weidich F, Leboeuf-Yde C. Can customized biomechanic shoe orthoses prevent problems in the back and lower extremities? A randomized, controlled intervention trial of 146 military conscripts. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2002; 25 (5): 326-31
63. Sherman RA, Karstetter KW, May H, et al. Prevention of lower limb pain in soldiers using shock-absorbing orthotic inserts. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1996; 86 (3): 117-22
64. Withnall RD, Eastaugh J, Freemantle N. Do shock absorbing insoles reduce lower limb injury? A randomised trial in British military subjects. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005; 37 (5): s346
65. Stefanyshyn D, Stergiou P, Lun VMY, Meeuwisse WH, Nigg BM. Knee joint moments and patellofemoral pain syndrome in runners. Part 1: a case control study. Part 2: a prospective cohort study. 4th Symposium on Footwear Biomechanics; 1999 Aug 5-7; Canmore (AB), 86-7