메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 52, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 387-407

What is the appropriate regulatory response to wardrobe malfunctions= Fining stations for television sex and violence

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 49149119478     PISSN: 08838151     EISSN: 15506878     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08838150802205553     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (5)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 78449295035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes and the attitude-behavior relation: Reasoned and automatic processes
    • Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (2000). Attitudes and the attitude-behavior relation: Reasoned and automatic processes. European Review of Social Psychology, 11, 1-33.
    • (2000) European Review of Social Psychology , vol.11 , pp. 1-33
    • Ajzen, I.1    Fishbein, M.2
  • 3
    • 41649112685 scopus 로고
    • Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach
    • Anderson, J., & Gerbing, D. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 411-423.
    • (1988) Psychological Bulletin , vol.103 , pp. 411-423
    • Anderson, J.1    Gerbing, D.2
  • 4
    • 0042208050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variety versus timing: Gender differences in college students' sexual expectations as predicted by exposure to sexually oriented television
    • Aubrey, J., Harrison, K., Kramer, L., & Yellin, J. (2003). Variety versus timing: Gender differences in college students' sexual expectations as predicted by exposure to sexually oriented television. Communication Research, 30, 432-460.
    • (2003) Communication Research , vol.30 , pp. 432-460
    • Aubrey, J.1    Harrison, K.2    Kramer, L.3    Yellin, J.4
  • 5
    • 0038387488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Media ratings for violence and sex
    • Bushman, B., & Cantor, J. (2003). Media ratings for violence and sex. American Psychologist, 58, 130-141.
    • (2003) American Psychologist , vol.58 , pp. 130-141
    • Bushman, B.1    Cantor, J.2
  • 6
    • 0033209079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social cognitive theory of gender development and differentiation
    • Bussey, K., & Bandura, A. (1999). Social cognitive theory of gender development and differentiation. Psychological Review, 106, 676-713.
    • (1999) Psychological Review , vol.106 , pp. 676-713
    • Bussey, K.1    Bandura, A.2
  • 7
    • 85050707419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass Communication & Society, 9
    • Chia, S., & Günther, A. (2006) ). How media contribute to misperceptions of social norms about sex. Mass Communication & Society, 9, 301-320.
    • (2006) , pp. 301-320
    • Chia, S.1    Günther, A.2
  • 8
    • 0035511623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Media violence
    • Committee on Public Education
    • Committee on Public Education. (2001). Media violence. Pediatrics, 108, 1222-1226.
    • (2001) Pediatrics , vol.108 , pp. 1222-1226
  • 9
    • 34047260359 scopus 로고
    • The third-person effect in communications
    • Davison, W. (1983). The third-person effect in communications, Public Opinion Quarterly, 47, 1-15.
    • (1983) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.47 , pp. 1-15
    • Davison, W.1
  • 10
    • 63749117144 scopus 로고
    • The perceived impact of the mass media: Reconsidering the third person effect
    • Duck, J., & Mullin, B. (1995). The perceived impact of the mass media: Reconsidering the third person effect. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25, 77-93.
    • (1995) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 77-93
    • Duck, J.1    Mullin, B.2
  • 13
    • 49149121646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The big chill? Congress and the FCC crack down on indecency
    • Fallow, K. (2004). The big chill? Congress and the FCC crack down on indecency. Communications Lawyer, 22, 1, 25-32.
    • (2004) Communications Lawyer , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-32
    • Fallow, K.1
  • 16
  • 17
    • 10844245499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An empirical evaluation of alternative methods of estimation for confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal data
    • Flora, D., & Curran, P. (2004). An empirical evaluation of alternative methods of estimation for confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal data. Psychological Methods, 9, 466-491.
    • (2004) Psychological Methods , vol.9 , pp. 466-491
    • Flora, D.1    Curran, P.2
  • 18
    • 49149094676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • March 5, Retrieved December 18, 2006, from
    • Fox News/Opinion Dynamics. (2004, March 5). Retrieved December 18, 2006, from http:// nationaljournal.com/members/pol ltrack/2004/national/04medla.htm#8
    • (2004) Fox News/Opinion Dynamics
  • 20
    • 49149116781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • February 11, Retrieved December 18, 2006, from
    • Gallup. (2004, February 11). Retrieved December 18, 2006, from http://nationaljournal.com/ members/polltrack/2004/natlonal/04media.htm#9
    • (2004)
    • Gallup1
  • 22
    • 49149089320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Religiosity and the third-person effect
    • Golan, G. (2002). Religiosity and the third-person effect. Journal of Media and Religion, 1, 105-120.
    • (2002) Journal of Media and Religion , vol.1 , pp. 105-120
    • Golan, G.1
  • 23
    • 0022573786 scopus 로고
    • The fallacy of employing standardized regression coefficients and correlations as measures of effect
    • Greenland, S., Schlesselman, J., & Criqui, M. (1986). The fallacy of employing standardized regression coefficients and correlations as measures of effect. American Journal of Epidemiology, 123, 203-208.
    • (1986) American Journal of Epidemiology , vol.123 , pp. 203-208
    • Greenland, S.1    Schlesselman, J.2    Criqui, M.3
  • 24
    • 28444436846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-regulation, public issue management and marketing practices in the US entertainment industry
    • Hemphill, T. (2003). Self-regulation, public issue management and marketing practices in the US entertainment industry. Journal of Public Affairs, 3, 338-357.
    • (2003) Journal of Public Affairs , vol.3 , pp. 338-357
    • Hemphill, T.1
  • 25
    • 34250155582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three decades of sexual content on prime-time network programming: A longitudinal meta-analytic review
    • Hetsroni, A. (2007). Three decades of sexual content on prime-time network programming: A longitudinal meta-analytic review. Journal of Communication, 57, 318-348.
    • (2007) Journal of Communication , vol.57 , pp. 318-348
    • Hetsroni, A.1
  • 26
    • 0033474979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symbolic politics: Congressional interest in television violence from 1950 to 1996
    • Hoerrner, K. (1999). Symbolic politics: Congressional interest in television violence from 1950 to 1996. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 76, 684-698.
    • (1999) Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly , vol.76 , pp. 684-698
    • Hoerrner, K.1
  • 27
    • 0038334070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Support for censorship of television violence: The role of the third-person effect and news exposure
    • Hoffner, C., Buchanan, M., Anderson, J., Hubbs, L., Kamigaki, S., Kowalczyk, L., et al. (1999). Support for censorship of television violence: The role of the third-person effect and news exposure. Communication Research, 26, 726-742.
    • (1999) Communication Research , vol.26 , pp. 726-742
    • Hoffner, C.1    Buchanan, M.2    Anderson, J.3    Hubbs, L.4    Kamigaki, S.5    Kowalczyk, L.6
  • 29
    • 3042641133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of indirect effects in media effects research; Testing for mediation in structural equation modeling
    • Holbert, R., & Stephenson, M. (2003). The importance of indirect effects in media effects research; Testing for mediation in structural equation modeling. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 47, 556-572.
    • (2003) Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media , vol.47 , pp. 556-572
    • Holbert, R.1    Stephenson, M.2
  • 30
    • 33646177878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entertainment industry ratings disclosures and the clean and conspicuous standard
    • Hoy, M., & Andrews, J. (2006). Entertainment industry ratings disclosures and the clean and conspicuous standard. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 40, 117-143.
    • (2006) Journal of Consumer Affairs , vol.40 , pp. 117-143
    • Hoy, M.1    Andrews, J.2
  • 32
    • 85047687749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal relations between children's exposure to TV violence and their aggressive and violent behavior in young adulthood: 1977-1992
    • Huesmann, L., Moise-Titus, J., Podolski, C., & Eron, L. (2003). Longitudinal relations between children's exposure to TV violence and their aggressive and violent behavior in young adulthood: 1977-1992. Developmental Psychology, 39, 201-221.
    • (2003) Developmental Psychology , vol.39 , pp. 201-221
    • Huesmann, L.1    Moise-Titus, J.2    Podolski, C.3    Eron, L.4
  • 35
    • 16344366552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's sex-stereotyped self-socialization through selective exposure to entertainment: Cross-cultural experiments in Germany, China, and the United States
    • Knobloch, S., Callison, C., Chen, L., Fritzsche, A., & Zillmann, D. (2005). Children's sex-stereotyped self-socialization through selective exposure to entertainment: Cross-cultural experiments in Germany, China, and the United States. Journal of Communication, 55, 122-138.
    • (2005) Journal of Communication , vol.55 , pp. 122-138
    • Knobloch, S.1    Callison, C.2    Chen, L.3    Fritzsche, A.4    Zillmann, D.5
  • 36
    • 49149108668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge Networks (2006). Field report: Annenberg National Health Communication Survey 2005. Menlo Park, CA.
    • Knowledge Networks (2006). Field report: Annenberg National Health Communication Survey 2005. Menlo Park, CA.
  • 40
    • 32644460123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mass media are an important context for adolescents' sexual behavior
    • L'Engle, K., Brown, J., & Kenneavy, K. (2006). The mass media are an important context for adolescents' sexual behavior. Journal of Adolescent Health, 38, 186-192.
    • (2006) Journal of Adolescent Health , vol.38 , pp. 186-192
    • L'Engle, K.1    Brown, J.2    Kenneavy, K.3
  • 41
    • 0027636564 scopus 로고
    • The problem of equivalent models in applications of covariance structure analysis
    • MacCallum, R., Wegener, D., Uchino, B., & Fabrigar, L. (1993). The problem of equivalent models in applications of covariance structure analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 185-199.
    • (1993) Psychological Bulletin , vol.114 , pp. 185-199
    • MacCallum, R.1    Wegener, D.2    Uchino, B.3    Fabrigar, L.4
  • 42
    • 30544439574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social cognitive processes mediating the relationship between exposure to television's sexual content and adolescent's sexual behavior
    • Martino, S., Collins, R., Kanouse, D., Elliot, M., & Berry, S. (2005). Social cognitive processes mediating the relationship between exposure to television's sexual content and adolescent's sexual behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 914-924.
    • (2005) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.89 , pp. 914-924
    • Martino, S.1    Collins, R.2    Kanouse, D.3    Elliot, M.4    Berry, S.5
  • 44
    • 0029738851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of theory based semi-structured elicitation questionnaires: Formative research for CDCs prevention marketing initiative
    • Middlestadt, S., Bhatacharyya, K., Rosenbaum, J., & Fishbein, M. (1996). The use of theory based semi-structured elicitation questionnaires: Formative research for CDCs prevention marketing initiative. Public Health Reports,111, (Suppl. 1), 18-27.
    • (1996) Public Health Reports , vol.111 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 18-27
    • Middlestadt, S.1    Bhatacharyya, K.2    Rosenbaum, J.3    Fishbein, M.4
  • 45
    • 0003753978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • fourth edition. Los Angeles: Muthén and Muthén
    • Muthén, L., & Muthén, B. (2006). Mplus user's guide, fourth edition. Los Angeles: Muthén and Muthén.
    • (2006) Mplus user's guide
    • Muthén, L.1    Muthén, B.2
  • 46
    • 0035734501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does television viewing relate to engagement in protective action against crime? A cultivation analysis from of theory of reasoned action perspective
    • Nabi, R., & Sullivan, J. (2001). Does television viewing relate to engagement in protective action against crime? A cultivation analysis from of theory of reasoned action perspective. Communication Research, 28, 802-825.
    • (2001) Communication Research , vol.28 , pp. 802-825
    • Nabi, R.1    Sullivan, J.2
  • 47
    • 0013136534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The third-person effect: A meta-analysis of the perceptual hypothesis
    • Paul, B., Salwen, M., & Dupagne, M. (2000). The third-person effect: A meta-analysis of the perceptual hypothesis. Mass Communication and Society, 3, 57-85.
    • (2000) Mass Communication and Society , vol.3 , pp. 57-85
    • Paul, B.1    Salwen, M.2    Dupagne, M.3
  • 48
    • 0001534852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The third-person effect: A critical review and synthesis
    • Perloff, R. (1999). The third-person effect: A critical review and synthesis. Media Psychology, 1, 353-378.
    • (1999) Media Psychology , vol.1 , pp. 353-378
    • Perloff, R.1
  • 49
    • 0001292332 scopus 로고
    • The social learning theory of sex differences: Imitation is alive and well
    • Perry, D., & Bussey, K. (1979). The social learning theory of sex differences: Imitation is alive and well, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1699-1712.
    • (1979) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.37 , pp. 1699-1712
    • Perry, D.1    Bussey, K.2
  • 50
    • 49149111317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • May 20, Research Associates. Retrieved December 18, 2006, from
    • Pew Research Center (1999, May 20). Survey conducted by Princeton Survey Research Associates. Retrieved December 18, 2006, from http://nationaljournal. com/members/polltrack/ 1999/national/99media.htm#PEW%20RESEARCH%20CENTER
    • (1999) Survey conducted by Princeton Survey
  • 51
    • 84963198634 scopus 로고
    • Television exposure measures and the cultivation hypothesis
    • Potter, W., & Chang, I. (1990). Television exposure measures and the cultivation hypothesis. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 34, 313-333,
    • (1990) Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media , vol.34 , pp. 313-333
    • Potter, W.1    Chang, I.2
  • 52
    • 0030502717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Considering policies to protect children from TV violence
    • Potter, W., & Warren, R. (1996). Considering policies to protect children from TV violence. Journal of Communication, 46(4), 116-138.
    • (1996) Journal of Communication , vol.46 , Issue.4 , pp. 116-138
    • Potter, W.1    Warren, R.2
  • 53
    • 34547484907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distorted reflections: Media exposure and Latino adolescents' conceptions of self
    • Rivadeneyra, R., & Ward, L. (2007), Distorted reflections: Media exposure and Latino adolescents' conceptions of self, Media Psychology, 9, 261-290.
    • (2007) Media Psychology , vol.9 , pp. 261-290
    • Rivadeneyra, R.1    Ward, L.2
  • 55
    • 0033456651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The third-person effect: Perceptions of the media's influence and Immoral consequences
    • Salwen, M., & Dupagne, M. (1999). The third-person effect: Perceptions of the media's influence and Immoral consequences. Communication Research, 26, 523-549.
    • (1999) Communication Research , vol.26 , pp. 523-549
    • Salwen, M.1    Dupagne, M.2
  • 56
    • 0038660977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Third-person perception and television violence: The role of out-group stereotyping in perceptions of susceptibility to effect
    • Scharrer, E. (2002). Third-person perception and television violence: The role of out-group stereotyping in perceptions of susceptibility to effect. Communication Research, 29, 681-704.
    • (2002) Communication Research , vol.29 , pp. 681-704
    • Scharrer, E.1
  • 57
    • 84937313542 scopus 로고
    • Warning: Television violence may be harmful to children; but the First Amendment may foil congressional attempts to legislate against it
    • Schneider, L. (1994-95). Warning: Television violence may be harmful to children; but the First Amendment may foil congressional attempts to legislate against it. University of Miami Law Review, 49, 477-530.
    • (1994) University of Miami Law Review , vol.49 , pp. 477-530
    • Schneider, L.1
  • 58
    • 84963040882 scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in policy preferences; A summary of trends from the 1960s to the 1980s
    • Shapiro, R., & Mahajan, H. (1986), Gender differences in policy preferences; A summary of trends from the 1960s to the 1980s. Public Opinion Quarterly, 50, 42-61.
    • (1986) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.50 , pp. 42-61
    • Shapiro, R.1    Mahajan, H.2
  • 60
    • 27744563885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prime-time violence 1993-2001 : Has the picture really changed?
    • Signorielli, N. (2003). Prime-time violence 1993-2001 : Has the picture really changed? Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 47, 36-57.
    • (2003) Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media , vol.47 , pp. 36-57
    • Signorielli, N.1
  • 61
    • 34547410279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reinforcing spirals: The mutual influence of media selectivity and media effects and their impact on individual behavior and social identity
    • Slater, M. (2007). Reinforcing spirals: The mutual influence of media selectivity and media effects and their impact on individual behavior and social identity. Communication Theory, 17, 281-303.
    • (2007) Communication Theory , vol.17 , pp. 281-303
    • Slater, M.1
  • 62
    • 84935456086 scopus 로고
    • The polls: Gender and attitudes toward violence
    • Smith, T. (1984). The polls: Gender and attitudes toward violence. Public Opinion Quarterly, 48, 384-396.
    • (1984) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.48 , pp. 384-396
    • Smith, T.1
  • 63
    • 33744526508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consumption of sexual dialogue and content on television and adolescent sexual outcomes: Multiethnic findings
    • Somers, C., & Tynan J. (2006). Consumption of sexual dialogue and content on television and adolescent sexual outcomes: Multiethnic findings. Adolescence, 41, 15-38.
    • (2006) Adolescence , vol.41 , pp. 15-38
    • Somers, C.1    Tynan, J.2
  • 64
    • 33845494705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolman, D., Kim, J., Schooler, D., & Sorsoli, C. (2007). Rethinking the associations between television viewing and adolescent sexuality development: Bringing gender into focus, Journal of Adolescent Health, 40, 84.e9-84.e16.
    • Tolman, D., Kim, J., Schooler, D., & Sorsoli, C. (2007). Rethinking the associations between television viewing and adolescent sexuality development: Bringing gender into focus, Journal of Adolescent Health, 40, 84.e9-84.e16.
  • 66
    • 49149083877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States Code, Title 18, Section 1464 2006, January 2, Retrieved December 18, 2006, from +uscview+t17t20+725+0, 28%29%20%20AND%20%28%2818%29%20ADJ%20USC%29%3ACITE%20AND %20%28USC%20w%2F10%20%281464%29%29%3ACITE%20%20%20%20%20%20% 20%20%20
    • United States Code, Title 18, Section 1464 (2006, January 2) . Retrieved December 18, 2006, from http://uscode.house.gov/uscode-cgi/fastweb.exe? getdoc+uscview+t17t20+725+0 ++%28%29%20%20AND%20%28%2818%29%20ADJ%20USC%29%3ACITE%20AND %20%28USC%20w%2F10%20%281464%29%29%3ACITE%20%20%20%20%20%20% 20%20%20.
  • 67
    • 0041707792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the role of entertainment media in the sexual socialization of American youth: A review of empirical research
    • Ward, L. (2003). Understanding the role of entertainment media in the sexual socialization of American youth: A review of empirical research. Developmental Review, 23, 347-388.
    • (2003) Developmental Review , vol.23 , pp. 347-388
    • Ward, L.1
  • 68
    • 33645158430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using TV as a guide: Associations between television viewing and adolescents' sexual attitudes and behavior
    • Ward, L., & Friedman, K. (2006). Using TV as a guide: Associations between television viewing and adolescents' sexual attitudes and behavior. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 16, 133-156.
    • (2006) Journal of Research on Adolescence , vol.16 , pp. 133-156
    • Ward, L.1    Friedman, K.2
  • 69
    • 49149128999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in program content regulation
    • Wiley, R., & Secrest, I. (2005). Recent developments in program content regulation. Federal Communications Law Journal, 57, 235-242.
    • (2005) Federal Communications Law Journal , vol.57 , pp. 235-242
    • Wiley, R.1    Secrest, I.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.