Inferences about ungulate population dynamics derived from age ratios

Journal of Wildlife Management

Volumn 72, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 1143-1151

  Harris, Nyeema C ^a,c   Kauffman, Matthew J ^b   Mills, L Scott ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING   (United States)

^c NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Age ratios; Cervus elaphus; Elk; Indices; Life stage simulation analysis; Monitoring; Population growth rate; Recruitment; Sensitivity analysis; Survival; Ungulate

Indexed keywords

AGE STRUCTURE; DEER; DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEY; DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE; FECUNDITY; GROWTH RATE; MODELING; MONITORING; POPULATION DECLINE; POPULATION DYNAMICS; POPULATION GROWTH; RECRUITMENT (POPULATION DYNAMICS); SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SURVIVAL;

CERVIDAE; CERVUS ELAPHUS; UNGULATA;

EID: 48249156218     PISSN: 0022541X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2193/2007-277     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Andelt, W. F., T. M. Pojar, and L. W. Johnson. 2004. Long-term trends in mule deer pregnancy and fetal rates in Colorado. Journal of Wildlife Management 68:542-549.
2. Ballard, W. B., H. A. Whitlaw, B. F. Wakeling, R. L. Brown, J. C. Devos, Jr., and M. C. Wallace. 2000. Survival of female elk in northern Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management 64:500-504.
3. Bender, L. C., W. L. Meyers, and W. R. Gould. 2003. Comparison of helicopter and ground surveys for North American elk Cervus elaphus and mule deer Odocoileus hemionus population composition. Wildlife Biology 9:199-205.
4. Bender, L. C., and M. E. Weisenberger. 2005. Precipitation, density, and population dynamics of desert bighorn sheep on San Andres National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico. Wildlife Society Bulletin 33:956-964.
5. Bonenfant, C., J. Gaillard, F. Klein, and J. Hamann. 2005. Can we use the young:female ratio to infer ungulate population dynamics? An empirical test using red deer Cervus elaphus as a model. Journal of Applied Ecology 42:361-370.
6. Bright, J. L., and J. J. Hervert. 2005. Adult and fawn mortality of Sonoran pronghorn. Wildlife Society Bulletin 33:43-50.
7. Caughley, G. 1974. Interpretation of age ratios. Journal of Wildlife Management 38:557-562.
8. Caughley, G. 1977. Sampling in aerial survey. Journal of Wildlife Management 41:605-615.
9. Coughenour, M. B., and F. J. Singer. 1996. Elk population processes in Yellowstone National Park under the policy of natural regulation. Ecological Applications 6:573-593.
10. de la Mare, W. K. 1990. Inferring net recruitment rates from changes in demographic parameters: a sensitivity analysis. Report of the International Whaling Commission 40:525-529.
11. Eberhardt, L. L. 1977. Optimal management policies for marine mammals. Wildlife Society Bulletin 5:162-169.
12. Fowler, C. W. 1987. A review of density dependence in populations of large mammals. Pages 401-441 in H. H. Genoways, editor. Current mammalogy. Plenum Press, New York, New York, USA.
13. Gaillard, J., M. Festa-Bianchet, and N. G. Yoccoz. 1998. Population dynamics of large herbivores: variable recruitment with constant adult survival. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 13:58-63.
14. Gaillard, J., M. Festa-Bianchet, N. G. Yoccoz, A. Loison, and C. Toïgo. 2000. Temporal variation in fitness components and population dynamics of large herbivores. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 31:367-393.
15. Gaillard, J., and N. G. Yoccoz. 2003. Temporal variation in survival of mammals: a case of environmental canalization? Ecology 84:3294-3306.
16. Garrott, R. A., L. L. Eberhardt, P. J. White, and J. Rotella. 2003. Climate-induced variation in vital rates of an unharvested large-herbivore population. Canadian Journal of Zoology 81:33-45.
17. Gasaway, W. C., S. D. DuBois, and S. J. Harbo. 1985. Biases in aerial transect surveys for moose during May and June. Journal of Wildlife Management 49:777-784.
18. Hatter, I. W., and D. W. Janz. 1994. Apparent demographic changes in black-tailed deer associated with wolf control on northern Vancouver Island. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72:878-884.
19. Houston, D. B. 1982. The Northern Yellowstone elk: ecology and management. Macmillan, New York, New York, USA.
20. Iverson, S. A., B. D. Smith, and F. Cooke. 2004. Age and sex distributions of wintering surf scoters: implications for the use of age ratios as an index of recruitment. Condor 106:252-262.
21. Kaji, K., H. Takahashi, J. Tanaka, and Y. Tanaka. 2005. Variation in the herd composition counts of sika deer. Population Ecology 47:53-59.
22. Kinley, T. A., and C. D. Apps. 2001. Mortality patterns in a subpopulation of endangered mountain caribou. Wildlife Society Bulletin 29:158-164.
23. Larkin, J. L., D. S. Maehr, J. J. Cox, D. C. Bolin, and M. W. Wichrowski. 2003. Demographic characteristics of a reintroduced elk population in Kentucky. Journal of Wildlife Management 67:467-476.
24. McCullough, D. R. 1993. Variation in black-tailed deer herd composition counts. Journal of Wildlife Management 57:890-897.
25. McCullough, D. R. 1994. What do herd composition counts tell us? Wildlife Society Bulletin 22:295-300.
26. Menu, S., G. Gauthier, and A. Reed. 2002. Changes in survival rates and population dynamics of greater snow geese over a 30-year period: implications for hunting regulations. Journal of Applied Ecology 39:91-102.
27. Miller, R. S., and J. P. Hatfield. 1974. Age ratios of sandhill cranes. Journal of Wildlife Management 38:234-242.
28. Milner, J. M., D. A. Elston, and S. D. Albon. 1999. Estimating the contributions of population density and climatic fluctuations to interannual variation in survival in Soay sheep. Journal of Animal Ecology 68:1235-1247.
29. Monello, R. J., D. L. Murray, and E. F. Cassirer. 2001. Ecological correlates of pneumonia epizootics in bighorn sheep herds. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79:1423-1432.
30. Morris, W. F., and D. F. Doak. 2002. Quantitative conservation biology: theory and practice of population viability analysis. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
31. Noyes, J. H., B. K. Johnson, L. D. Bryant, S. L. Findholt, and J. W. Thomas. 1996. Effects of bull age on conception dates and pregnancy rates of cow elk. Journal of Wildlife Management 60:508-517.
32. Pfister, C. A. 1998. Patterns of variance in stage-structured populations: evolutionary predictions and ecological implications. Proceedings from the National Academy of Sciences 95:213-218.
33. Post, E., and D. R. Klein. 1999. Caribou calf production and seasonal range quality during a population decline. Journal of Wildlife Management 63: 335-345.
34. Raithel, R. D., M. J. Kauffman, and D. H. Pletscher. 2007. Impact of spatial and temporal variation in calf survival on the growth of elk populations. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:795-803.
35. Rohwer, S. 2004. Using age ratios to infer survival and despotic breeding dispersal in hybridizing warblers. Ecology 85:423-431.
36. Samuel, M. D., E. O. Garton, M. W. Schlegel, and R. G. Carson. 1987. Visibility bias during aerial surveys of elk in north-central Idaho. Journal of Wildlife Management 51:622-630.
37. Samuel, M. D., R. K. Steinhorst, E. O. Garton, and J. W. Unsworth. 1992. Estimation of wildlife population ratios incorporating survey design and visibility bias. Journal of Wildlife Management 56:718-725.
38. Singer, F. J., A. Harting, K. K. Symonds, and M. B. Coughenour. 1997. Density dependence, compensation, and environmental effects on elk calf mortality in Yellowstone National Park. Journal of Wildlife Management 61:12-25.
39. Smith, B. L., and S. H. Anderson. 1998. Juvenile survival and population regulation of the Jackson Elk Herd. Journal of Wildlife Management 62: 1036-1045.
40. Smith, B. L., and T. L. McDonald. 2002. Criteria to improve age classification of antlerless elk. Wildlife Society Bulletin 30:200-207.
41. Stewart, K. M., R. T. Bowyer, B. L. Dick, B. K. Johnson, and J. G. Kie. 2005. Density-dependent effects on physical condition and reproduction in North American elk: an experimental test. Oecologia 143:85-93.
42. Tanaka, S. 1990. Estimation of natural mortality coefficient of whales from the estimates of abundance and age composition data obtained from research catches. Report of the International Whaling Commission 40: 531-536.
43. Taper, M. L., and P. J. Gogan. 2002. The Northern Yellowstone elk: density dependence and climatic conditions. Journal of Wildlife Management 66:106-122.
44. Unsworth, J. W., D. F. Pac, G. C. White, and R. M. Bartmann. 1999. Mule deer survival in Colorado, Idaho, and Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management 63:315-326.
45. Valkenburg, P., M. E. McNay, and B. W. Dale. 2004. Calf mortality and population growth in the Delta caribou herd after wolf control. Wildlife Society Bulletin 32:746-756.
46. Varley, N., and M. S. Boyce. 2006. Adaptive management for reintroductions: updating a wolf recovery model for Yellowstone National Park. Ecological Modelling 193:315-339.
47. White, G. C., D. J. Freddy, R. B. Gill, and J. H. Ellenberger. 2001. Effect of adult sex ratio on mule deer and elk productivity in Colorado. Journal of Wildlife Management 65:543-551.
48. White, G. C., A. F. Reeve, F. G. Lindzey, and K. P. Burnham. 1996. Estimation of mule deer winter mortality from age ratios. Journal of Wildlife Management 60:37-44.
49. White, P. J., and R. A. Garrott. 2005. Northern Yellowstone elk after wolf restoration. Wildlife Society Bulletin 33:942-955.
50. Wisdom, M. J., and L. S. Mills. 1997. Sensitivity analysis to guide population recovery: prairie-chickens as an example. Journal of Wildlife Management 61:302-312.
51. Wisdom, M. J., L. S. Mills, and D. F. Doak. 2000. Life stage simulation analysis: estimating vital-rate effects on population growth for conservation. Ecology 81:628-641.
52. Wittmer, H. U., B. N. McLellan, D. R. Seip, J. A. Young, T.A. Kinley, G. S. Watts, and D. Hamilton. 2005. Population dynamics of the endangered mountain ecotype of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in British Columbia, Canada. Canadian Journal of Zoology 83: 407-418.