Pulmonary arterial hypertension in HIV-infected patients

Current Hypertension Reviews

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 131-142

  Cicalini, Stefania ^a   Chinello, Pierangelo ^a   Petrosillo, Nicola ^a   Nicastri, Emanuele ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES L SPALLANZANI   (Italy)

Author keywords

Clinical; Human immunodeficiency virus; Pathogenesis; Pulmonary hypertension; Treatment

Indexed keywords

ALPHA 1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; ANOREXIGENIC AGENT; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; ARGININE; BOSENTAN; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; COCAINE; DIAMORPHINE; ENDOTHELIN 1; ENDOTHELIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; FENFLURAMINE; ILOPROST; IMATINIB; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 6; NUCLEOSIDE ANALOG; PHOSPHODIESTERASE V INHIBITOR; PLACEBO; PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR; PROSTACYCLIN DERIVATIVE; PROSTANOID; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RITONAVIR; SAQUINAVIR; SILDENAFIL; TOXIC SUBSTANCE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; UNINDEXED DRUG; VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL POLYPEPTIDE; VASODILATOR AGENT;

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE MODEL; DISEASE SEVERITY; DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG SAFETY; DYSPNEA; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; GENETICS; HEART CATHETERIZATION; HEART RIGHT VENTRICLE FAILURE; HEART SEPTUM DEFECT; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMAN; HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 8; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; LIVER DISEASE; LUNG ARTERY PRESSURE; LUNG TRANSPLANTATION; NONHUMAN; OPTIMAL DRUG DOSE; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; REST; REVIEW; SYMPTOM; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; VASOCONSTRICTION;

EID: 48249151840     PISSN: 15734021     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157340208784245857     Document Type: Review

References (102)

1. Kim KK, Factor SM. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy in a homosexual man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Hum Pathol 1987; 18:1293-96.
2. Pellicelli AM, Palmieri F, D'Ambrosio C, et al., Role of human immunodeficiency virus in primary pulmonary hypertension. Angiology 1998; 49: 1005-11.
3. Mesa RA, Edell ES, Dunn AT, Edwards WD. Human immunodeficiency virus infection and pulmonary hypertension: two new cases and a review of 96 reported cases. Mayo Clin Proc 1998; 73: 37-45.
4. Weiss JR, Pictra GG, Schaft SM. Primary pulmonary hypertension and the human immunodeficiency virus. Arch Intern Med 1995;155:2350-4.
5. Humbert M, Monti G, Fartoukh M. Platelet-derived growth factor expression in primary pulmonary hypertension: comparison of HIV-seropositve and HIV-seronegative patients. Eur Respir J 1998;11:554-9.
6. Abenhaim L, Moride Y, Brenot F, et al., Appetite-suppressant drugs and the risk of primary pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 609-16.
7. Rubin LJ, Barst RJ, Kaiser LR, et al., Primary pulmonary hypertension. Chest 1993;104:236-50.
8. Speich R, Jenni R, Opravil M, Pfab M, Russi EW. Primary pulmonary hypertension in HIV infection. Chest 1991; 100: 1268-71.
9. Petrosillo N, Chinello P, Cicalini S. Pulmonary hypertension in individuals with HIV infection. AIDS. 2006; 20: 2128-9.
10. Zuber JP, Calmy A, Evison JM, et al. Pulmonary arterial hypertension related to HfV infection: improved haemodynamics and survival associated with antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38: 1178-85.
11. Petitepretz P, Brenot F, Azarian R, et al., Pulmonary hypertension in patients with HIV infection. Circulation 1994; 89: 2722-7.
12. McLaughlin VV, McGoon MD. Pulmonary arterial hypertension. Circulation 2006; 114:1417-31.
13. Rich S, Rubin LJ, Abenhail L, et al., Executive summary from the World Symposium on Primary Pulmonaru Hypertension (Evian, France, September 6-10, 1998). The World Health Organizzation publication via the Internet. Available at: http:/www.who.int/ncd/cvd/pph.html.
14. Simmonneau G, Galiè N, Rubin LG et al., Clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coll cardiol 2004; 43:5S-12S.
15. Pellicelli AM, Palmieri F, Cicalini S, Petrosillo N. Pathogenesis of HIV-related pulmonary hypertension. Ann NY Acad Sci 2001; 946:82-94.
16. Mehta NJ, Khan IA, Mehta RN, Sepkowitz DA. HIV-related pulmonary hypertension. Analytic review of 131 cases. Chest. 2000; 118:1133-41.
17. Mette SA, Palevsky HI, Pietra GG, et al., Primary pulmonary hypertension in association with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a possible viral etiology for some forms of hypertensive pulmonary arteriopathy. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145: 1196-200.
18. Marecki J, Cool C, Voelkel N, Luciw P, Flores S. Evidence for vascular remodeling in the lungs of macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV NEF recombinant virus. Chest 2005; 128: 621S-622S.
19. Marecki JC, Cool CD, Parr JE, et al., HIV-1 Nef is associated with complex pulmonary vascular lesions in SHIV-nef-infected macaques. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174: 437-45.
20. Ehrenreich H, Rieckmann P, Sinowatz F, et al., Potent stimulation of monocytic endothelin-1 production by HIV-1 glycoprotein. J Immunol 1993; 150:4601-09.
21. Kanmogne GD, Primeaux C, Grammas P. Induction of apoptosis and endothelin-1 secretion in primary human lung endothelial cells by HIV-1 gp120 proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 333: 1107-15.
22. Farber HW, Loscalzo J. Pulmonary arterial hypertension. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1655-65.
23. Stewart DJ, Levy RD, Cernacek P, Langleben D. Increased plasma endothelin-1 in pulmonary hypertension: marker or mediator of disease? Ann Int Med 1991; 114:464-69.
24. Cacoub P, Dorent R, Maistre G, et al., Endothelin-1 in primary pulmonary hypertension and the Eisenmenger syndrome. Am J Cardiol 1993; 71:448-50.
25. Giaid, A, M. Yanagisawa, Langleben D. Expression of endothelin-1 in the lungs of patients with pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 1993; 328:1732-39.
26. Dupuis J, Rouleau JL, Cernacek P. Reduced pulmonary clearance of endothelin-1 in pulmonary hypertension. Am Heart J 1998; 135: 614-20.
27. Komuro I, Kurihara H, Sugiyama T, Yoshizumi M, Takaku F, Yazaki Y. Endothelin stimulates c fos and c myc expression and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. FEBS Lett 1998; 238: 249-52.
28. Humbert M, Monti G, Brenot F, et al., Increased interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 serum concentrations in severe primary pulmonary hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151:1628-31.
29. Schermuly RT, Dony E, Ghofrani HA, et al., Reversal of experimental pulmonary hypertension by PDGF inhibition. J Clin Invest 2005; 115: 2811-21.
30. Barst RJ. PDGF signalling in pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Clin Invest 2005; 115: 2691-4.
31. Salvi SS. α1-adrenergic hypothesis for pulmonary hypertension. Chest 1999; 115: 1708-19.
32. Semenza GL. Transcriptional regulation by hypoxia-inducible factor-1: molecular mechanisms of oxygen homeostasis. Trends Cardiovasc Med 1996 6:151-7.
33. Semenza GL. Involvement of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 in pulmonary pathophysiology. Chest 2005; 128: 592S-594S.
34. Tipoe GL, Lau TY, Nanji AA, Fung ML. Expression and functions of vasoactive substances regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in chronic hypoxemia. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2006; 4: 199-218.
35. Chin KM, Channick RN, Rubin LJ. Is methamphetamine use associated with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Chest 2006; 130: 1657-63.
36. Isabelle M, Monteil C, Moritz F, et al., Role of alpha1-adrenoreceptors in cocaine-induced NADPH oxidase expression and cardiac dysfunction. Cardiovasc Res 2005; 67: 699-704.
37. Ying LY, Shing TK, Chi TC, Kin CC, Keung WK, Wai-Yin YA. Pulmonary hypertension, hyperthyroidism, and fenfluramine: a case report and review. Med Gen Med 2006; 8: 29.
38. Weir EK, Reeve HL, Huang JM, et al. Anorexic agents aminorex, fenfluramine, and dexfenfluramine inhibit potassium current in rat pulmonary vascular smooth muscle and cause pulmonary vasoconstriction. Circulation 1997; 94: 2216-20.
39. Budhiraja R, Hassoun PM. Portopulmonary hypertension. A tale of two circulations. Chest 2003; 123: 562-76.
40. McDonnell PJ, Toye PA, Hutchins GM. Primary pulmonary hypertension and cirrhosis: are they related? Am.Rev.Respir.Dis. 1983; 127: 437-441.
41. Hadengue A, Benhayoun MK, Lebrec D, et al., Pulmonary hypertension complicating portal hypertension: prevalence and relation to splanchnic hemodynamics. Gastroenterology 1991; 100: 520-28.
42. Sen S, Biswas PK, Biswas J, et al., Primary pulmonary hypertension in cirrhosis ofliver. Indian J Gastroenterol 1999; 18:158-60.
43. Auletta M, Oliviero U, Iasiuolo L, et al., Pulmonary hypertension associated with liver cirrhosis: an echocardiographic study. Angiology 2000; 51:1013-20.
44. Hoeper MM, Krowka MJ, Strassburg CP. Portopulmonary hypertension and hepatopulmonary syndrome. Lancet 2004; 363:1461-68.
45. Kuddus RH, Nalesnik MA, Subbotin VM, Rao AS, Gandhi CR. Enhanced synthesis and reduced metabolism of endothelin-1 (ET-1) by hepatocytes-an important mechanism of increased endogenous levels of ET-1 in liver cirrhosis. J. Hepatol 2000 ; 33: 725-32.
46. Gandhi CR, Kang Y, De Wolf A, et al., Altered endothelin homeostasis in patients undergoing liver transplantation. Liver Transplant Surg 1996; 2: 362-9.
47. Petrosillo N, Pellicelli AM, Bournis E, Ippolito G. Clinical manifestations of HIV-related pulmonary hypertension. Ann NY Acad Sci 2001; 946: 223-35.
48. Mal H, Burgiere O, Durand F, Fartoukh M, Cohen-Solal A, Fournier M. Pulmonary hypertension following hepatopulmonary syndrome in a patient with cirrhosis. J. Hepatol 1999; 31: 360-4.
49. Dorfmuller P, Perros F, Balabanian K, Humbert M. Inflammation in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Respir J 2003; 22: 358-3.
50. Opravil M, Pechere M, Speich R, et al., HIV-associated primary pulmonary hypertension. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1997; 155: 990-5.
51. Limsukon A, Saeed AI, Ramasamy V, Nalamati J, Dhuper S. HIV-related pulmonary hypertension. Mt Sinai J Med 2006; 73: 1037-44.
52. Morse JH, Barst RJ, Itescu S, et al., Primary pulmonary hypertension in HIV infection. An outcome determined by particular HLA class II alleles. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153, 1299-301.
53. Itescu S, Dalton J, Zhang HZ, Winchester R. Tissue infiltration in a CD8 lymphocytosis syndrome associated with human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection has the phenotypic appearance of an antigenically driven responce. J Clin Invest 1993; 91: 2216-2225.
54. Itescu S, Brancato LJ, Winchester W. A sicca syndrome in HIV infection: association with HLA-DR5 and CD8 lymphocytosis. Lancet 1989; 2: 466-468.
55. Nunes H, Humbert M, Sitbon O, et al., Prognostic factors for survival in human immunodeficiency virus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003; 167: 1433-39.
56. Chang Y, Cesarman E, Pessin MS, et al., Identification of herpesvirus-likeDNA sequences in AIDS associated Kaposi's sarcoma. Science 1994; 266: 1865-69.
57. Katano H, Sato Y, Kurata T, Mori S, Sata T. Expression and localization of human herpesvirus 8-encoded proteins in primary effusion lymphoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, and multicentric Castleman's disease. Virology 2000;269:335-44.
58. Cool CD, Rai PR, Yeager ME, et al., Expression of human herpesvirus 8 in primary pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:1113-22.
59. Deng Z, Morse JH, Slager SL, et al., Familial primary pulmonary hypertension (gene PPH1) is caused by mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor-II gene. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 67:737-44.
60. Henke-Gendo C, Schulz TF, Hoeper MM. HHV-8 in pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 2004;350:194-195.
61. Gutierrez F, Masia M, Padilla S, et al., Occult lymphadenopathic Kaposi's sarcoma associated with severe pulmonary hypertension: A clinical hint about the potential role of HHV-8 in HIV-related pulmonary hypertension? J Clin Virol 2006;37:79-82.
62. Laney AS, De Marco T, Peters JS, et al., Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension. Chest 2005; 127:762-7.
63. Katano H, Ito K, Shibuya K, Saji T, Sato Y, Sata T. Lack of human herpesvirus 8 infection in lungs of Japanese patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. J Infect Dis 2005; 191:743-5.
64. Daibata M, Miyoshi I, Taguchi H, et al., Absence of human herpesvirus 8 in lung tissues from Japanese patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. Respir Med 2004; 98:1231-2.
65. Bendayan D, Sarid R, Cohen A, Shitrit D, Shechtman I, Kramer MR. Absence of Human Herpesvirus 8 DNA Sequences in Lung Biopsies from Israeli Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Respiration. 2007; 4.
66. Galambos C, Montgomery J, Jenkins FJ. No role for Kaposi Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in pediatric idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. Pediatr Pulmonol 2006;41:122-5.
67. Nicastri E, Vizza CD, Carletti F, et al., Human herpesvirus 8 and pulmonary hypertension. Emerg Infect Dis 2005; 11: 1480-2.
68. D'Alonzo GE, Barst RJ, Ayres SM, et al., Survival in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension: results from a national prospective registry. Ann Intern Med 1991;155:343-9.
69. Rich S, Dantzker DR, Ayres SM, et al., Primary pulmonary hypertension: a national prospective study. Ann Intern Med 1987;107:216-23.
70. Rubin LJ. Primary pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 1997; 336:111-7.
71. Rich S, Brundage BH. High-dose calcium channel-blocking therapy for primary pulmonary hypertension: evidence for long-term reduction in pulmonary arterial pressure and regression of right ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation 1987; 76:135-41.
72. Limsukon A, Imran Saeed A, Ramasamy V, Nalamati J, Dhuper S. HIV-related pulmonary hypertension. Mt Sinai J Med 2006; 73: 1037-44.
73. Runo JR, Loyd JE. Primary pulmonary hypertension. Lancet 2003; 361:1533-44.
74. Humbert M, Sitbon O, Simonneau G. Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1425-36.
75. Missov ED, De Marco T. Cor pulmonale. Curr Trat Options Cardiovasc Med 2000; 2:149-156.
76. Bjornsson J, Edwards WD. Primary pulmonary hypertension: a histopatological study of 80 cases. Mayo Clin Proc 1985; 60:16-25.
77. Fuster V, Steele PM, Edwards WD, Gersh BJ, McGoon MD, Frye RL. Primary pulmonary hypertension: natural history and the importance of thrombosis. Circulation 1984; 70:580-7.
78. Rich S, Kauffman E, Levy PS. The effect of high doses of calcium-channel blockers on survival in primary pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 1992; 327:76-81.
79. Chatterjee K, De Marco T, Alpert JS. Pulmonary hypertension. Hemodynamic diagnosis and management. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 1925-33.
80. Barst RJ, Rubin LJ, Long WA, et al. A comparison of continuous intravenous epoprostenol (prostacyclin) with conventional therapy in primary pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 296-302.
81. Mc Laughlin VV, Genthner DE, Panella MM, Rich S. reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance with long-term epoprostenol (prostacyclin) therapy in primary pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:273-277.
82. Aguilar RV, Farber HW. Epoprostenol (prostacyclin) therapy in HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension. Am J repsir Crit Care 2000; 162: 1846-50.
83. Ghofrani HA, Friese G, Discher T, et al., Inhaled iloprost is a potent acute pulmonary vasodilator in HIV-related severe pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J 2004; 23: 321:326.
84. Hoeper MM, Schwarz, Ehlerding S, et al., long-term treatment o primary pulmonary hypertension with aerosolized iloprost, a prostacyclin analogue. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1866-70.
85. Rubin LJ, Badesch DB, Barst RJ, et al., Bosentan therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension N Engl J Med 2002; 346:896-903.
86. Channick RN, Simmoneau G, Sitbon O, et al., Effect of the dual endothelin-receptor antagonist bosentan in patients with pulmonary hypertension: a randomised placebo-controlled study. Lancet 2001; 358: 1119-23.
87. Sitbon O, Gressin V, Speich R, et al., bosentan for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus associated pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J respire Crit Care med 2004; 170: 1212-17.
88. Galiè N, Hinderliter AL, Torbicki A, et al., Effects of the oral endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan on echocardiographic and Doppler measures in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 41: 1380-6.
89. Barst RJ, Rich SA, Horn EM, McLauglin VV, Mc Farlin J. Clinical efficacy of sitaxsentan, an endothelin-A receptor antagonist, in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Chest 2002; 121: 1860-8.
90. A- receptor antagonist, for the treatmet of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 169:441-7.
91. Galiè N, Badesh DB, Oudiz R, et al., Ambrisentan therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46:529-35.
92. Galiè N, Ghofrani HA, Torbicki A, et al., Sildenafil citrate therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension.. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2148-57.
93. Schumacher YO, Zdebik A, Huonker M, Kreisel W. Sildenafil in HIV-realted hypertensio. AIDS 2001; 15: 1747-8.
94. Carlsen J, Kjeldsen K, Gerstoft J. Sildenafil as a successful treatment of otherwise fatal HIV-related pulmonary hypertension. AIDS 2002; 16: 1568-9.
95. Wong AR, Rascol AH, Abidin NZ, Noor AR, Quan BS, Sildenafil as treatment for human immunodeficiency virus-related pulmonaty hypertension in a child. J Paediatr Child Health 2006; 42:147-8.
96. Muirhead GJ, Wulff MB, Fielding A, Kleinermans D, Buss N. Pharmacokinetic interactions between sildenafil and saquinavir/ ritonavir. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2000; 50:99-107
97. Giaid A, Saleh D. Reduced expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the lungs of patients with pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 1995; 333:214-21.
98. Nagaya N, Uematusu M, Oya H, et al. Short-term oral administration of L-arginine improves hemodynamics and exercise capacity in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension. Am J Respir Crit care Med 2001; 163:887-91.
99. Petkov V, Mosgoeller W, Ziesche R, et al., vasoactive intestinal peptide as a new drug for treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension. J Clin Invest 2003; 111:1339-46.
100. Du L, Sullivan C, Chu D, et al., Signaling molecules in non familial pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 2003; 348-500-509.
101. Mendeloff EN, Meyers BF, Sundt TM, et al., Lung transplantation for pulmonary vascular disease. Ann Thorac Surg 2002; 73:209-17.
102. Pugliese A, Isnardi D, Saini A, et al., Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive patients with cardiac involvement. J Infect 2000; 40: 282-284.