Total hemoglobin mass-a new parameter to detect blood doping?

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

Volumn 40, Issue 12, 2008, Pages 2112-2118

  Prommer, Nicole ^a   Sottas, Pierre Edouard ^b   Schoch, Christian ^c   Schumacher, Yorck Olaf ^c   Schmidt, Walter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BAYREUTH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LAUSANNE   (Switzerland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Bayesian model; Biological passport; Blood pass; Blood transfusion; EPO doping; Intraindividual variance

Indexed keywords

ERYTHROPOIETIN; HEMOGLOBIN; RECOMBINANT ERYTHROPOIETIN;

ADULT; AGE DETERMINATION; ANALYTIC METHOD; ARTICLE; ATHLETE; BLOOD DOPING; BLOOD VOLUME; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; CONTROL GROUP; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOPING; ENDURANCE; FEMALE; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; HEMOGLOBIN DETERMINATION; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; MEASUREMENT ERROR; NORMAL HUMAN; OSCILLATION; PARAMETER; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; SEX DETERMINATION; TRAINING; CASE CONTROL STUDY; METHODOLOGY; REFERENCE VALUE; REPRODUCIBILITY; SPORT; SUBSTANCE ABUSE;

CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DOPING IN SPORTS; ERYTHROPOIETIN, RECOMBINANT; HEMOGLOBINS; HUMANS; PHYSICAL ENDURANCE; REFERENCE VALUES; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SPORTS; SUBSTANCE ABUSE DETECTION;

EID: 47249095587     PISSN: 01959131     EISSN: 15300315     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181820942     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Berglund B, Ekblom B, Ekblom E, et al. The Swedish blood pass project. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2007;17:292-7.
2. Damsgaard R, Munch T, MLrkeberg J, Mortensen SP, González-Alonzo J. Effects of blood withdrawal and reinfusion on bio-markers of erythropoiesis in humans: implications for anti-doping strategies. Haematologica. 2006;91:1006-8.
3. Eastwood A, Hopkins WG, Bourdon PC, Withers RT, Gore CJ. Stability of hemoglobin mass over 100 days in active men. J Appl Physiol. 2008;104(4):982-5.
4. Gore CJ, Bourdon PC, Woolford SM, Ostler LM, Eastwood A, Scroop GC. Time and sample site dependency of the optimized CO-rebreathing method. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006;38(6):1187-93.
5. Gore CJ, Parisotto R, Ashenden MJ, et al. Second-generation blood tests to detect erythropoietin abuse by athletes. Haematologica. 2003;88:333-44.
6. Harris EK. Effects of intra- and interindividual variation on the appropriate use of normal ranges. Clin Chem. 1974;20(12):1535-42.
7. Heinicke K, Wolfahrt B, Winchenbach P, et al. Blood volume and hemoglobin mass in elite athletes of different disciplines. Int J Sports Med. 2001;22:504-12.
8. Hopkins WG. Measures of reliability in sports medicine and science. Sports Med. 2000;30(1):1-15.
9. Jelkmann W. Novel erythropoietic agents: a threat to sportsmanship. Med Sport. 2007;11(2):32-42.
10. Lundby C, Thomsen JJ, Boushel R, et al. Erythropoietin treatment elevates haemoglobin concentration by increasing red cell volume and depressing plasma volume and depressing plasma volume. J Physiol. 2007;578.1:309-14.
11. Malcovati L, Pascutto C, Cazzola M. Hematologic passport for athletes competing in endurance sports: a feasibility study. Haematologica. 2003;88:570-81.
12. 2max with no history of training is primarily due to high blood volume. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(6):966-71.
13. Parisotto R, Gore CJ, Emslie KR, et al. A novel method utilizing markers of altered erythropoiesis for the detection of recombinant human erythropoeitin abuse in athletes. Haematologica. 2000; 85(6):564-72.
14. Pottgiesser T, Umhau M, Ahlgrim C, Ruthardt S, Roeckes K, Schumacher YO. Hb mass measurement suitable to screen for illicit autologous blood transfusions. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007;39(10):1748-56.
15. Prommer N, Heckel A, Schmidt W. Timeframe to detect blood withdrawal associated with autologous blood doping. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007;39(5 suppl):S3.
16. Prommer N, Schmidt W. Loss of CO from the intravascular bed and its impact on the optimised CO-rebreathing method. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2007;100(4):383-91.
17. Robinson N, Sottas P-E, Mangin P, Saugy M. Bayesian detection of abnormal haematological values to introduce a "no-start" rule for heterogeneous populations of athletes. Haematologica. 2007; 92:1143-4.
18. Russell G, Gore CJ, Ashenden MJ, Parisotto R, Hahn AG. Effect of prolonged low doses of recombinant human erthropoietin during submaximal and maximal exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2002;86:442-9.
19. Sawka MN, Convertino VA, Eichner ER, Schneider SM, Young AJ. Blood volume: importance and adaptations to exercise training, environmental stresses, and trauma/sickness. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32(2):332-48.
20. Schmidt W. Comments on point - counterpoint "Positive effects of intermittent hypoxia (live high:train low) on exercise performance are/are not mediated primarily by augmented red cell volume." J Appl Physiol. 2006;100(1):369.
21. Schmidt W, Biermann B, Winchenbach P, Lison S, Böning D. How valid is the determination of hematocrit values to detect blood manipulations. Int J Sports Med. 2000;21: 133-8.
22. Schmidt W, Prommer N. The optimised CO-rebreathing method: a new tool to determine total haemoglobin mass routinely. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2005;95:486-95.
23. Schmidt W, Prommer N. Blut und Leistung. Dtsch Ztschr Sportmed. 2007;7-8:199.
24. Sharpe K, Ashenden MJ, Schumacher YO. A third generation approach to detect erythropoietin abuse in athletes. Haematologica. 2006;91(3):356-63.
25. Sharpe K, Hopkins W, Emslie KR, et al. Development of reference ranges in elite athletes for markers of altered eryth-ropoiesis. Haematologica. 2002;87:1248-57.
26. Sottas P-E. Bayesian detection of abnormal values in longitudinal biomarkers with an application to T/E ratio. Biostatistics. 2007; 8(2):285-96.
27. Sottas P-E, Robinson N, Giraud S, et al. Statistical classification of abnormal blood profiles in athletes. Int J Biostat. 2006; 2(1):1011.
28. Sottas P-E, Robinson N, Niggli O. A forensic approach to interpretation of blood doping markers. Law, Proability and Risk http://lpr. oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/mgm042v1. 2008. doi:10.1093/lpr/mgm042.
29. Sottas P-E, Saudan C, Schweizer C, Baume N, Mangin P, Saugy M. From population- to subject-based limits of T/E ratio to detect testosterone abuse in elite sports. Forensic Sci Int. 2008;174(2-3): 166-72.
30. Videman T, Lereim I, Hemmingsson P, et al. Changes in hemoglobin values in elite cross-country skiers from 1987 to 1999. Scand Med Sci Sports. 2000;10:98-102.