How valid is the determination of hematocrit values to detect blood manipulations?

International Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 21, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 133-138

  Schmidt, W ^a   Biermann, B ^a   Winchenbach, P ^a   Lison, S ^a   Boning D ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BAYREUTH   (Germany)

^b FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Diurnal changes; Doping; EPO; Exercise; Head down tilt; Plasma volume; Saline

Indexed keywords

BALANCED SALT SOLUTION; ERYTHROPOIETIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYCLING; DOPING; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HEAD TILTING; HEMATOCRIT; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PLASMA VOLUME; QUALITY CONTROL; RISK ASSESSMENT;

ADULT; BICYCLING; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; DOPING IN SPORTS; ERYTHROPOIETIN; HEMATOCRIT; HUMANS; MALE; REFERENCE VALUES; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

EID: 0034052995     PISSN: 01724622     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-8871     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. 1 Anthony AJ. Der Einfluß kurzdauernder Sauerstoffatmung auf Hämoglobingehalt und Erythrozytenzahl des menschlichen Blutes. II. Z Exp Med 1939; 104: 417-422
2. 2 Anthony AJ, Biedenkopf H. Der Einfluß kurzdauernder Sauerstoffatmung auf Hämoglobingehalt und Erythrozytenzahl des menschlichen Blutes I. Z Exp Med 1938; 103: 451-457
3. 3 Celsing F, Svedenhag J, Pihlstedt P. Ekblom B. Effects of anaemia and stepwise induced polycythaemia on maximal aerobic power in individuals with high and low haemoglobin concentrations. Acta Physiol Scand 1987; 129: 47-54
4. 4 Böning D, Schweigart U, Kunze M. Diurnal variations of protein and electrolyte concentrations and of acid-base status in plasma and red cells of normal man. Eur J Appl Physiol 1974; 32: 239-250
5. 5 Dill DB, Costill DL. Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma and red cells in rehydration. J Appl Physiol 1974; 37: 247-248
6. 6 Eichner ER. Sports anemia, iron supplementation, and blood doping. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1992; 24: 315-318
7. 7 Ekblom B, Berglund B. Effects of erythropoietin administration on maximal aerobic power. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1991; 1: 88-93
8. 8 Finsleyson DC, Dagher FJ, Vandam LD. Diurnal variations in blood volume of man. J Surg Res 1964; 416: 286-288
9. 9 Fogh-Andersen N, Eidemak I, Lokkegaard H, Levin-Nielsen S. Changes in blood and plasma volume during treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1993; 214: 61-65
10. 10 Fricke G. Über das Verhalten des Zellfaktors bei Arbeit. Cardiologia 1965; 47: 25-44
11. 11 Gaethgens P, Kreutz F, Albrecht KH. Optimal hematocrit for canine skeletal muscle during rhythmic isotonic exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 1979; 41: 27-39
12. 12 Gallaugher P, Thorarensen H, Farrell AP. Hematocrit in oxygen transport and swimming in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Respir Physiol 1995; 102: 279-292
13. 13 Gareau R, Audran M, Baynes RD, Duvallet A, Senecal L, Brisson GR. Erythropoietin abuse in athletes. Nature 1996; 380: 113
14. 14 Guyton AC. Venous return. Handbook of Physiology. Circulation. Washington, DC. Sect 2. Vol. II. Am Phys Soc 1963; 32: 1099-1127
15. 15 Halter H. Schlamm in den Adern. Der Spiegel 1991 ; 24
16. 16 Harrison MJ. The hematocrit and cerebrovascular accidents. Presse Med 1983; 12: 3095-3097
17. 17 Hoffkes HG, Ehrly AM. Hematocrit dependent changes of muscle tissue oxygen supply in the lower limb muscle of patients with intermittent claudication. Vasa 1992; 21: 350-354
18. 18 Kusunoki M, Kimura K, Nakamura M, Isaka Y, Yoneda S, Abe H. Effects of hematocrit variations on cerebral blood flow and oxygen transport in ischemic cerebrovascular disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1981; 1: 413-417
19. 19 Lee SH, Heros RC, Mullan JC, Korosue K. Optimum degree of hemodilution for brain protection in a canine model of focal cerebral ischemia. J Neurosurg 1994; 80: 469-475
20. 20 Lundvall J, Bjerkhoel P, Quittenbaum S, Lindgren P. Rapid plasma volume decline upon quiet standing reflects large filtration capacity in dependent limbs. Acta Physiol Scand 1996; 158: 161-167
21. 21 Maw GJ, Mackenzie IL, Taylor NA. Redistribution of body fluids during postural manipulations. Acta Physiol Scand 1995; 155: 157-163
22. 22 Pavy-Le-Traon A, Allevard AM, Fortrat JO, Gauquelin G, Guell A, Bes A, Gharib C. Cardiovascular and hormonal changes induced by a simulation of a lunar mission. Aviat Space Environ Med 1997; 68: 829-837
23. 23 Schaffartzik W, Barton ED, Poole DC, Tsukimoto K, Hogan MC, Bebout DD, Wagner PD. Effect of reduced hemoglobin concentration on leg oxygen uptake during maximal exercise in human. J Appl Physiol 1993; 75: 491-498
24. 24 Schmidt W, Bohnsack M, Maassen N, Winchenbach P, Biermann B, Zapf J. Physiological variations of hemoglobin concentration and hemoglobin mass in athletes. Abstracts 26th FIMS World Congress of Sports Medicine. 30.5. - 3.6.1998 Orlando: 1998: 42
25. 25 Schmidt W, Brabant G, Kröger C, Hilgendorf A, Strauch S. Atrial natriuretic peptide during and after maximal and submaximal exercise under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Eur J Appl Physiol 1990; 61: 398-407
26. 26 Schmidt W, Bub A, Meyer M, Weiß T, Schneider G, Maassen N, Forssmann WG. Is urodilatin the missing link in exercise-dependent renal sodium retention? J Appl Physiol 1998; 84: 123-128
27. 27 Schmidt W, Weiglein K, Himmelsbach-Wegner B, Böning D. Gesamtkörperhämoglobinmenge, Zinkprotoporphyrin und Transferrinrezeptor - Neue Marker in der Eisendiagnostik bei Ausdauersportlerinnen? In: Jeschke D, Lorenz R (eds). Sportartspezifische Leistungsdiagnostik - Energetische Aspekte. Köln: Sport und Buch - Strauß, 1998: 353-361
28. 28 Tu YK, Kuo MF, Liu HM. Cerebral oxygen transport and metabolism during graded isovolemic hemodilution in experimental global ischemia. J Neurol Sci 1997; 150: 115-122
29. 29 Wade JP. Transport of oxygen to the brain in patients with elevated hematocrit values before and after venesection. Brain 1983; 106: 513-523