A fishy business: Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease

International Journal of Clinical Practice

Volumn 62, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 1142-1146

  Wierzbicki, A S ^a  

^a ST THOMAS HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ARACHIDONIC ACID; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CORN OIL; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; FISH OIL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; ICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; LINOLENIC ACID; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PLACEBO;

ADD ON THERAPY; ANTIARRHYTHMIC ACTIVITY; ARTERY DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; COMMERCIAL PHENOMENA; DEFIBRILLATOR; DIET; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DIETARY INTAKE; FISH; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART DEATH; HEART INFARCTION; HEART VENTRICLE ARRHYTHMIA; HEART VENTRICLE TACHYCARDIA; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MORTALITY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; STROKE; VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; FATTY ACIDS, OMEGA-3; FISH PRODUCTS; HUMANS; LIFE STYLE;

EID: 47149083828     PISSN: 13685031     EISSN: 17421241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01781.x     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. Menotti A, Keys A, Aravanis C et al. Seven Countries Study. First 20-year mortality data in 12 cohorts of six countries. Ann Med 1989 21 : 175 9.
2. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet 2004 364 : 937 52.
3. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study Investigators. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002 360 : 23 33.
4. Kromann N, Green A. Epidemiological studies in the Upernavik district, Greenland. Incidence of some chronic diseases 1950-1974. Acta Med Scand 1980 208 : 401 6.
5. Harris WS, Miller M, Tighe AP et al. Omega-3 fatty acids and coronary heart disease risk: clinical and mechanistic perspectives. Atherosclerosis 2008 197 : 12 24.
6. Harris WS, Poston WC, Haddock CK. Tissue n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and risk for coronary heart disease events. Atherosclerosis 2007 193 : 1 10.
7. Harris WS, Assaad B, Poston WC. Tissue omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio and risk for coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 2006 98 : 19i 26i.
8. Torrejon C, Jung UJ, Deckelbaum RJ. n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: actions and molecular mechanisms. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2007 77 : 319 26.
9. Robinson JG, Stone NJ. Antiatherosclerotic and antithrombotic effects of omega-3 fatty acids. Am J Cardiol 2006 98 : 39i 49i.
10. Davidson MH. Mechanisms for the hypotriglyceridemic effect of marine omega-3 fatty acids. Am J Cardiol 2006 98 : 27i 33i.
11. Mori TA, Burke V, Puddey IB et al. Purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids have differential effects on serum lipids and lipoproteins, LDL particle size, glucose, and insulin in mildly hyperlipidemic men. Am J Clin Nutr 2000 71 : 1085 94.
12. Woodman RJ, Mori TA, Burke V et al. Effects of purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on glycemic control, blood pressure, and serum lipids in type 2 diabetic patients with treated hypertension. Am J Clin Nutr 2002 76 : 1007 15.
13. Harris WS. International recommendations for consumption of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2007 8 (Suppl. 1 S50 2.
14. He K, Song Y, Daviglus ML et al. Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Circulation 2004 109 : 2705 11.
15. Psota TL, Gebauer SK, Kris-Etherton P. Dietary omega-3 fatty acid intake and cardiovascular risk. Am J Cardiol 2006 98 : 3i 18i.
16. Konig A, Bouzan C, Cohen JT et al. A quantitative analysis of fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality. Am J Prev Med 2005 29 : 335 46.
17. Bucher HC, Hengstler P, Schindler C et al. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Med 2002 112 : 298 304.
18. Bucher HC, Griffith LE, Guyatt GH. Systematic review on the risk and benefit of different cholesterol-lowering interventions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999 19 : 187 95.
19. Studer M, Briel M, Leimenstoll B et al. Effect of different antilipidemic agents and diets on mortality: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med 2005 165 : 725 30.
20. Burr ML, Fehily AM, Gilbert JF et al. Effects of changes in fat, fish, and fibre intakes on death and myocardial reinfarction: Diet and Reinfarction Trial (DART). Lancet 1989 2 : 757 61.
21. Burr ML, Ashfield-Watt PA, Dunstan FD et al. Lack of benefit of dietary advice to men with angina: results of a controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003 57 : 193 200.
22. Burr ML. Secondary prevention of CHD in UK men: the Diet and Reinfarction Trial and its sequel. Proc Nutr Soc 2007 66 : 9 15.
23. He K, Song Y, Daviglus ML et al. Fish consumption and incidence of stroke: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Stroke 2004 35 : 1538 42.
24. Bouzan C, Cohen JT, Connor WE et al. A quantitative analysis of fish consumption and stroke risk. Am J Prev Med 2005 29 : 347 52.
25. Harper CR, Jacobson TA. Usefulness of omega-3 fatty acids and the prevention of coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol 2005 96 : 1521 9.
26. de LM, Salen P, Martin JL et al. Mediterranean diet, traditional risk factors, and the rate of cardiovascular complications after myocardial infarction: final report of the Lyon Diet Heart Study. Circulation 1999 99 : 779 85.
27. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico. Lancet 1999 354 : 447 55.
28. Yokoyama M, Origasa H, Matsuzaki M et al. Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on major coronary events in hypercholesterolaemic patients (JELIS): a randomised open-label, blinded endpoint analysis. Lancet 2007 369 : 1090 8.
29. Nakamura H, Arakawa K, Itakura H et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with pravastatin in Japan (MEGA Study): a prospective randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2006 368 : 1155 63.
30. Sommerfield T, Price J, Hiatt WR. Omega-3 fatty acids for intermittent claudication. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007 4 : CD003833.
31. Xiao YF, Sigg DC, Leaf A. The antiarrhythmic effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: modulation of cardiac ion channels as a potential mechanism. J Membr Biol 2005 206 : 141 54.
32. Jacobson TA. Secondary prevention of coronary artery disease with omega-3 fatty acids. Am J Cardiol 2006 98 : 61i 70i.
33. Calo L, Bianconi L, Colivicchi F et al. N-3 Fatty acids for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery: a randomized, controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005 45 : 1723 8.
34. Raitt MH, Connor WE, Morris C et al. Fish oil supplementation and risk of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation in patients with implantable defibrillators: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005 293 : 2884 91.
35. Brouwer IA, Zock PL, Camm AJ et al. Effect of fish oil on ventricular tachyarrhythmia and death in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: the Study on Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Ventricular Arrhythmia (SOFA) randomized trial. JAMA 2006 295 : 2613 9.
36. Leaf A, Albert CM, Josephson M et al. Prevention of fatal arrhythmias in high-risk subjects by fish oil n-3 fatty acid intake. Circulation 2005 112 : 2762 8.
37. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). JAMA 2001 285 : 2486 97.
38. British Cardiac Society, British Hypertension Society, Diabetes-UK, HEART UK, Primary Care Cardiovascular Society, The Stroke Association. JBS 2: the Joint British Societies' guidelines for prevention of cardiovascular disease in clinical practice. Heart 2005 91 (Suppl. V v1 52.
39. National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence Guideline Development Group. Myocardial Infarction: Secondary Prevention - Full Guideline. London : Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 2007, Report No.: CG48.
40. Marchioli R, Barzi F, Bomba E et al. Early protection against sudden death by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids after myocardial infarction: time-course analysis of the results of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI)-Prevenzione. Circulation 2002 105 : 1897 903.
41. LaRosa JC, Grundy SM, Waters DD et al. Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2005 352 : 1425 35.
42. Rauch B, Schiele R, Schneider S et al. Highly purified omega-3 fatty acids for secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death after myocardial infarction-aims and methods of the OMEGA-study. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2006 20 : 365 75.
43. Tavazzi L, Tognoni G, Franzosi MG et al. Rationale and design of the GISSI heart failure trial: a large trial to assess the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and rosuvastatin in symptomatic congestive heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2004 6 : 635 41.
44. Armitage J. A Study of Cardiovascular Events iN Diabetes - a Randomized 2 × 2 Factorial Study of Aspirin Versus Placebo, and of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Versus Placebo, for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in People With Diabetes. ClinicalTrials gov, 26 January 2007. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00135226 (accessed March 2008).
45. Baigent C, Keech A, Kearney PM et al. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet 2005 366 : 1267 78.
46. Chiu JH, Abdelhadi RH, Chung MK et al. Effect of statin therapy on risk of ventricular arrhythmia among patients with coronary artery disease and an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Am J Cardiol 2005 95 : 490 1.