Classically conditioned postural reflex in cerebellar patients

Experimental Brain Research

Volumn 158, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 163-179

  Kolb, F P ^a   Lachauer, S ^a   Maschke, M ^b   Timmann, D ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF DUISBURG ESSEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Associative and non associative plastic processes; Cerebellum; Classical conditioning; Motor learning; Postural reflex

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY POSTURE; CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; CEREBELLUM DISEASE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONDITIONING; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE DURATION; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EYELID REFLEX; FEMALE; GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE; HABITUATION; HUMAN; MALE; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; MOTOR ACTIVITY; POSTURAL REFLEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECTUS FEMORIS MUSCLE; REFLEX; SPINOCEREBELLAR DEGENERATION; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; TIBIALIS ANTERIOR MUSCLE; WITHDRAWAL REFLEX;

ADULT; ASSOCIATION; BIOMECHANICS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CONDITIONING, CLASSICAL; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; POSTURE; REACTION TIME; REFLEX;

EID: 4644367461     PISSN: 00144819     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00221-004-1889-y     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Beckley DJ, Bloem BR, Remler MP, Roos RA, Van Dijk JG (1991) Long latency postural responses are functionally modified by cognitive set. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 81:353-358
2. Bloedel JR, Bracha V (1995) On the cerebellum, cutaneomuscular reflexes, movement control and the elusive engrams of memory. Behav Brain Res 68:1-44
3. Bloem BR, van Vugt JP, Beckley DJ, Remler MP, Roos RA (1998) Habituation of lower leg stretch responses in Parkinson's disease. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 109:73-77
4. Bracha V, Webster ML, Winters NK, Irwin KB, Bloedel JR (1994) Effects of muscimol inactivation of the cerebellar interposeddentate nuclear complex on the performance of the nictitating membrane response in the rabbit. Exp Brain Res 100:453-468
5. Bracha V, Zhao L, Wunderlich DA, Morrissy SJ, Bloedel JR (1997) Patients with cerebellar lesions cannot acquire but are able to retain conditioned eyeblink reflexes. Brain 120:1401-1413
6. Bracha V, Kolb FP, Irwin KB, Bloedel JR (1999) Inactivation of interposed nuclei in the cat: classically conditioned withdrawal reflexes, voluntary limb movements and the action primitive hypothesis. Exp Brain Res 126:77-92
7. Bracha V, Zhao L, Irwin KB, Bloedel JR (2000) The human cerebellum and associative learning: dissociation between the acquisition, retention and extinction of conditioned eyeblinks. Brain Res 860:87-94
8. Bracha V, Zhao L, Irwin K, Bloedel JR (2001) Intermediate cerebellum and conditioned eyeblinks. Parallel involvement in eyeblinks and tonic eyelid closure. Exp Brain Res 136:41-49
9. Daum I, Schugens MM, Ackermann H, Lutzenberger W, Dichgans J, Birbaumer N (1993) Classical conditioning after cerebellar lesions in humans. Behav Neurosci 107:748-756
10. Diener HC, Horak F, Stelmach G, Guschlbauer B, Dichgans J (1991) Direction and amplitude precuing has no effect in automatic posture responses. Exp Brain Res 84:219-223
11. Dichgans J, Mauritz KH (1983) Patterns and mechanisms of postural instability in patients with cerebellar lesions. Adv Neurol 39:633-643
12. Diener HC, Dichgans J, Bruzek W, Selinka H (1982) Stabilization of human posture during induced oscillations of the body. Exp Brain Res 45:126-132
13. Geisser S, Greenhouse WT (1958) An extension of Box's results on the use of F distribution in multivariate analysis. Ann Math Stat 29:885-891
14. Gerwig M, Dimitrova A, Kolb FP, Maschke M, Brol B, Kunnel A, Boring D, Thilmann AF, Forsting M, Diener HC, Timmann D (2003) Comparison of eyeblink conditioning in patients with superior and posterior inferior cerebellar lesions. Brain 126:71-94
15. Gormezano I, Kehoe EJ (1975) Classical conditioning: Some methodological-conceptual issues. In: Estes WK (ed) Handbook of learning and cognitive processes, vol 2. Condition and behavior theory. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, pp 143-179
16. Gurfinkel EV (1973) Physical foundations of stabilography. Agressologie 14:9-13
17. Hansen PD, Woollacott MH, Debu B (1988) Postural responses to changing task conditions. Exp Brain Res 73:627-636
18. Harding AE (1993) Clinical features and classification of inherited ataxias. In: Harding AE, Deufel T (eds) Advances in neurology. Raven Press, New York, pp 1-14
19. Harvey JA, Welsh JP (1996) Learning and performance: a critical review of the role of the cerebellum in instrumental and classical conditioning. In: Bloedel JR, Ebner TJ, Wise SP (eds) The acquisition of motor behavior in vertebrates. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp 115-141
20. Horstmann GA, Gollhofer A, Dietz V (1988) Reproducibility and adaptation of the EMG responses of the lower leg following perturbations of upright stance. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 70:447-452
21. Hufschmidt A, Dichgans J, Mauritz KH, Hufschmidt M (1980) Some methods and parameters of body sway quantification and their neurological applications. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr 228:135-150
22. Klockgether T (2000) Recent advances in degenerative ataxias. Curr Opin Neurol 13:451-455
23. Kolb FP, Timmann D (1996) Classical conditioning of the human flexion reflex. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 101:219-225
24. Kolb FP, Irwin KB, Bloedel JR, Bracha V (1997) Conditioned and unconditioned forelimb reflex systems in the cat: Involvement of the intermediate cerebellum. Exp Brain Res 114:255-270
25. Kolb FP, Timmann D, Baier PC, Diener HC (2000) Classically conditioned withdrawal reflex in cerebellar patients. 2. Impaired unconditioned responses. Exp Brain Res 130:471-485
26. Kolb FP, Lachauer S, Diener HC, Timmann D (2001) Changes in conditioned postural responses. Comparison between cerebellar patients and healthy subjects. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Bulg 26:143-146
27. Kolb FP, Lachauer S, Maschke M, Timmann D (2002) Classical conditioning of postural reflexes. Pflugers Arch 445:224-237
28. Mauk MD (1997) Roles of cerebellar cortex and nuclei in motor learning: contradictions or clues? Neuron 18:343-346
29. Mauritz KH, Schmitt C, Dichgans J (1981) Delayed and enhanced long latency reflexes as the possible cause of postural tremor in late cerebellar atrophy. Brain 104:97-116
30. Nashner LM (1971) A model describing vestibular detection of body sway motion. Acta Otolaryngol 72:429-436
31. Pavlov IP (1927) Conditioned reflexes: An investigation of the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex. Oxford University Press, London
32. Perrett SP, Ruiz BP, Mauk MD (1993) Cerebellar cortex lesions disrupt learning-dependent timing of conditioned eyelid responses. J Neurosci 13:1708-1718
33. Rand MK, Shimansky Y, Stelmach GE, Bracha V, Bloedel JR (2000) Effects of accuracy constraints on reach-to-grasp movements in cerebellar patients. Exp Brain Res 135:179-188
34. Raymond JL, Lisberger SG, Mauk MD (1996) The cerebellum: a neuronal learning machine? Science 272:1126-1131
35. Schwabe A, Drepper J, Maschke M, Diener HC, Timmann D (2004) The role of the human cerebellum in short- and long-term habituation of postural responses. Gait Posture 19:16-23
36. Spaepen AJ, Vranken M, Willems EJ (1977) Comparison of the movements of the center of gravity and of the center of pressure in stabilometric studies. Agressologie 18:109-113
37. Thompson RF, Krupa DJ (1994) Organization of memory traces in the mammalian brain. Ann Rev Neurosci 17:519-549
38. Thompson RF, Bao S, Chen L, Cipriano BD, Grethe JS, Kim JJ, Thompson JK, Tracy JA, Weninger MS, Krupa DJ (1997) Associative learning. Int Rev Neurobiol 41:151-189
39. Timmann D, Baier PC, Diener HC, Kolb FP (2000) Classically conditioned withdrawal reflex in cerebellar patients. 1. Impaired conditioned responses. Exp Brain Res 130:453-470
40. Topka H, Valls-Solé J, Massaquoi SG, Hallett M (1993) Deficit in classical conditioning in patients with cerebellar degeneration. Brain 116:961-969
41. Trouillas P, Takayanagi T, Hallett M, Currier RD, Subramony SH, Wessel K, Bryer A, Diener HC, Massaquoi S, Gomez CM, Coutinho P, Ben Hamida M, Campanella G, Filla A, Schut L, Timann D, Honnorat J, Nighoghossian N, Manyam B (1997) International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale for pharmacological assessment of the cerebellar syndrome. The Ataxia Neuropharmacology Committee of the World Federation of Neurology. J Neurol Sci 145:205-211
42. Welsh JP, Harvey JA (1989) Cerebellar lesions and the nictitating membrane reflex: Performance deficits of the conditioned and unconditioned response. J Neurosci 9:299-311
43. Welsh JP, Harvey JA (1991) Pavlovian conditioning in the rabbit during inactivation of the interpositus nucleus. J Physiol (Lond) 444:459-480
44. Woodruff-Pak DS (1997) Classical conditioning. Int Rev Neurobiol 41:341-366
45. Woodruff-Pak DS, Ivry RB (1996) Cerebellar involvement in eyeblink classical conditioning in humans. Neuropsychology 10:443-458
46. Woodruff-Pak DS, Thompson RF (1988) Classical conditioning of the eyeblink response in the delay paradigm in adults aged 18-83 years. Psychol Aging 3:219-229