Highly enantioselective asymmetric synthesis by the design of asymmetric catalysts and reaction media

Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi/Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry

Volumn 62, Issue 7, 2004, Pages 673-681

  Soai, Kenso ^a  

^a TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE   (Japan)

Author keywords

Absolute asymmetric synthesis; Aldehyde; Alkylation; Amino alcohol; Asymmetric autocatalysis; Asymmetric synthesis; Conjugate addition; Dialkylzinc; Enantioselective synthesis; Origin of chirality; Pyridyl alkanol; Pyrimidyl alkanol; Quartz; Quinolyl alkanol

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOLS; ALDEHYDES; ALKYLATION; AMINO ACIDS; CATALYSIS; LIGHT POLARIZATION; PHOTOLYSIS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; QUARTZ; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

ABBSOLUTE ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESIS; AMINO ALCOHOL; ASYMMETRIC AUTOCATALYSIS; ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESIS; DIALKYLZINCS; ENANTIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS; ORIGIN OF CHIRALITY; PYRIDYL ALKANOL; PYRIMIDYL ALKANOL; QUINOLYL ALKANOL;

ALKALI METALS;

EID: 4644288142     PISSN: 00379980     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.62.673     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. T. Mukaiyama, K. Soai, T. Sato, H. Shimizu, K. Suzuki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 101, 1455 (1979)
2. (a) K. Soai, A. Ookawa, T. Kaba, K. Ogawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 109, 7111 (1987);
3. (b) K. Soai, S. Yokoyama, T. Hayasaka, J. Org. Chem., 56, 4264 (1991);
4. (c) K. Soai, T. Hayase, K. Takai, T. Sugiyama, ibid., 59, 7908 (1994);
5. 53, 138 (1995); Reviews: (d) K. Soai, S. Niwa, Chem. Rev., 92, 833 (1992); (e) R. Noyori, M. Kitamura, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 30, 49 (1991); (f) L. Pu, H.-B. Yu, Chem. Rev., 101, 757 (2001)
6. Reviews: (d) K. Soai, S. Niwa, Chem. Rev., 92, 833 (1992); (e) R. Noyori, M. Kitamura, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 30, 49 (1991); (f) L. Pu, H.-B. Yu, Chem. Rev., 101, 757 (2001)
7. Reviews: (d) K. Soai, S. Niwa, Chem. Rev., 92, 833 (1992); (e) R. Noyori, M. Kitamura, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 30, 49 (1991); (f) L. Pu, H.-B. Yu, Chem. Rev., 101, 757 (2001)
8. K. Soai, T. Hayasaka, S. Ugajin, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1989, 516
9. (a) K. Soai, T. Hatanaka, T. Miyazawa, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1992, 1097;
10. (b) K. Soai, T. Suzuki, T. Shono, ibid., 1994, 317;
11. (c) T. Suzuki, Y. Hirokawa, K. Ohtake, T. Shibata, K. Soai, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 8, 4033 (1997);
12. (d) I. Sato, K. Hosoi, R. Kodaka, K. Soai, Eur. J. Org. Chem., 2002, 3115;
13. (e) K. Soai, I. Sato, C. R. Chimie, 6, 1097 (2003)
14. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h) 48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
15. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h)48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
16. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h) 48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
17. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h) 48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
18. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h) 48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
19. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h) 48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
20. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h) 48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
21. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h) 48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
22. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h) 48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
23. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h) 48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
24. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h) 48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
25. Reviews and Accounts: (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Advances in Biochirality" eds. by G. Pályi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999, p 125; (b) K. Soai, T. Shibata, I. Sato, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 382 (2000); (c) K. Soai, Enantiomer, 4, 591 (1999); (d) K. Soai, T. Shibata, J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn., 55, 994 (1997); (e) K. Soai, T. Shibata, "Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 2nd ed." ed. by I. Ojima, Wiley-VCH, New York, 2000, p 699; 2001, 141; (g) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, Chem. Record, 1, 321 (2001); (h) 48, 444 (2000); (i) 2001, No. 2, 16; (j) K. Soai, "Asymmetric Autocatalysis and The Origin of Chiral Homogeneity of Biologically Relevant Molecules," in "Fundamentals of Life" ed. by G. Palyi, C. Zucchi, L. Caglioti, Chap. III 7, pp 427-435, Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier, Paris, 2002; (k) 60, 668 (2002); K. Soai, I. Sato, Viva Origino, 30, 186 (2002); (m) M. H. Todd, Chem. Soc. Rev., 31, 211 (2002); (n) K. Mikami, M. Yamanaka, Chem. Rev. 103, 3369 (2003); (o) M. Avalos, R. Babiano, P. Cintas, J. L. Jimenez, J. C. Palacios, Chem. Commun., 2000, 887; (p) C. Bolm, F. Bienewald, A. Seger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1657 (1996)
26. (a) K. Soai, S. Niwa, H. Hori, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1990, 982;
27. (b) K. Soai, T. Hayase, C. Shimada, K. Isobe, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 5, 789 (1994);
28. (c) K. Soai, T. Hayase, K. Takai, ibid., 6, 637 (1995)
29. (a) T. Shibata, H. Morioka, T. Hayase, K. Choji, K. Soai, J. Am. Chem, Soc., 118, 471 (1996);
30. (b) T. Shibata, K. Choji, H. Morioka, T. Hayase, K. Soai, Chem. Commun., 1996, 751;
31. (c) T. Shibata, H. Morioka, S. Tanji, T. Hayase, Y. Kodaka, K. Soai, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 8783 (1996);
32. (d) T. Shibata, S. Yonekubo, K. Soai, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 38, 659 (1999);
33. (e) I. Sato, T. Yanagi, K. Soai, Chirality, 14, 166 (2002)
34. (a) K. Soai, T. Shibata, H. Morioka, K. Choji, Nature, 378, 767 (1995);
35. (b) T. Shibata, T. Hayase, J. Yamamoto, K. Soai, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 8, 1717 (1997);
36. (c) I. Sato, H. Urabe, S. Ishiguro, T. Shibata, K. Soai, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 42, 315 (2003);
37. (d) S. Tanji, Y. Kodaka, A. Ohno, T. Shibata, I. Sato, K. Soai, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 11, 4249 (2000);
38. (e) T. Shibata, K. Choji, T. Hayase, Y. Aizu, K. Soai, Chem. Commun., 1996, 1235
39. (a) I. Sato, D. Omiya, K. Tsukiyama, Y. Ogi, K. Soai, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 12, 1965 (2001);
40. (b) I. Sato, D. Omiya, H. Igarashi, K. Kato, Y. Ogi, K. Tsukiyama, K. Soai, ibid., 14, 975 (2003); D. G. Blackmond, C. R. McMillan, S. Ramdeehul, A. Schorm, J. M. Brown, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 10103 (2001)
41. (b) I. Sato, D. Omiya, H. Igarashi, K. Kato, Y. Ogi, K. Tsukiyama, K. Soai, ibid., 14, 975 (2003); D. G. Blackmond, C. R. McMillan, S. Ramdeehul, A. Schorm, J. M. Brown, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 10103 (2001)
42. I. Sato, H. Urabe, S. Ishii, S. Tanji, K. Soai, Org. Lett., 3, 3851 (2001)
43. (a) T. Shibata, J. Yamamoto, N. Matsumoto, S. Yonekubo, S. Osanai, K. Soai, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 120, 12157 (1998);
44. (b) K. Soai, I. Sato, Enantiomer, 6, 189 (2001);
45. (c) I. Sato, R. Yamashima, K. Kadowaki, J. Yamamoto, T. Shibata, K. Soai, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 40, 1096 (2001);
46. (d) I. Sato, S. Osanai, K. Kadowaki, T. Sugiyama, T. Shibata, K. Soai, Chem. Lett., 2002, 168;
47. (e) S. Tanji, A. Ohno, I. Sato, K. Soai, Org. Lett., 3, 287 (2001); I. Sato, A. Ohno, Y. Aoyama, T. Kasahara, K. Soai, Org. Biomol. Chem., 1, 244 (2003);
48. (e) S. Tanji, A. Ohno, I. Sato, K. Soai, Org. Lett., 3, 287 (2001); I. Sato, A. Ohno, Y. Aoyama, T. Kasahara, K. Soai, Org. Biomol. Chem., 1, 244 (2003);
49. (f) I. Sato, K. Kadowaki, Y. Ohgo, K. Soai, H. Ogino, Chem. Commun., 2001, 1022;
50. (g) I. Sato, D. Omiya, T. Saito, K. Soai, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 122, 11739 (2000);
51. (h) I. Sato, Y. Matsueda, K. Kadowaki, S. Yonekubo, T. Shibata, K. Soai, Helv. Chim. Acta, 85, 3383 (2002)
52. K. Soai, S. Osanai, K. Kadowaki, S. Yonekubo, T. Shibata, I. Sato, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 121, 11235 (1999)
53. I. Sato, K. Kadowaki, K. Soai, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 39, 1510 (2000)
54. I. Sato, K. Kadowaki, H. Urabe, J. Hwa Jung, Y. Ono, S. Shinkai, K. Soai, Tetrahedron Let., 44, 721 (2003)
55. (b) K. Soai, I. Sato, T. Shibata, S. Komiya, M. Hayashi, Y. Matsueda, H. Imamura, T. Hayase, H. Morioka, H. Tabira, J.Yamamoto, Y. Kowata, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 14, 185 (2003)
56. K. Mislow, Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun., 68, 849 (2003)